Pregnancy Toxemia In A Doe- A Case Study 1

PREGNANCY TOXEMIA IN A SHE GOAT- A CASE STUDY Presenting author D.VISHNUGURUBARAN BVM05127 MADRAS VETERINARY COLLEGE CHENNAI

SIGNALMENT SPECIES :CAPRINE BREED SEX

:KANNI :FEMALE

OWNERS NAME AND ADDRESS: Mr.BALU,

17,THOMAIYAPPAN ST,

AGE :1 YEAR COLOUR:BLACK DATE :30TH JUNE’09

ROYAPETTAI, CHENNAI. 9444128309

ANAMNESIS Not taking feed for past three days. Appears very dull. Turned the head upward frequently. Kidded before 7 months-2 kids. Pregnant - 3 months.

STAR GAZZING POSTURE

CLINICAL EXAMINATION  General appearance  Behaviour  Feeding habit

: Normal : Dull : Not satisfactory, taking only little feed.  Bodily condition : Normal.  Posture :Star gazing posture  Gait : Ataxia  D/U : voided normally, dark colored pellets.  Muzzle : Moist.  CMM : Pale & moist.  Abdomen : Distended.  Rumination : Absent.  L/N : NAD.  External genitalia : No discharge.  Hair coat : Shiny  Bilateral watery nasal discharge was noticed

VITAL SIGNS Temperature

: 38.9ºc Respiratory rate : 60/min Heart rate : 132/min Pulse : 130/min

HAEMATOLOGY Hb PCV RBC WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils Blood parasite Blood picture

: 8.0 g/dl(8.0-12.0g/dl) : 23%(22.0-38.0%) : 15.37x106/cumm (8.0-18.0x106) : 8900/cumm (4000-13000/cumm) : 34 : 64 :0 :2 :0 : Negative : NAD On due course of treatment we found neutrophilia.(Neutrophils- 62)

SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY GULCOSE CALCIUM PHOSPHORUS

: 141.78mg/dl(50-80mg/dl) : 7.18mg/dl(11.5-13.0mg/dl) : 4.10mg/dl(5.0-7.3mg/dl)

BUN CREATININE

: 7.51mg/dl(8-20mg/dl) : 0.81mg/dl(1.2-1.9mg/dl)

SGOT PROTEIN (Total) ALBUMIN CHOLESTROL

: 88 I.U(60.0-280.0I.U) : 6.12g/dl(6.0-7.9g/dl) : 2.48g/dl(2.4-3g/dl) : 80g/dl(43.0-103.0g/dl)

FEACAL AND URINE ANALYSIS FEACAL ANALYSIS Eggs

: ++ Strongyles sp.

Heavily infested with Strongyles sp. Occult blood

: Negative.

ANALYSIS OF URINE revealed presence of ketone bodies.

ULTRASONAGRAPHY REPOPRT Tentative diagnosis: pregnant about 3months Ultrasound findings: Placentome diameter: 15mm  Pregnant 2 kids Feeble heart beat – 144/min

128/min

TENDATIVE DIAGNOSIS PREGNANCY TOXEMIA

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Listeriosis. Cerebral abscess. Rabies. Polioencephalomalacia Enterotoxemia. Tetanus.

DIAGNOSIS

PREGNANCY TOXEMIA

TREATMENT Inj. Dextrose 5% - 10ml/kg B.wt i/v Inj. Tribivet - 1-2ml i/m Glycerol - 60-90gm/day Fenbendazole @ 10mg/ b.wt

AFTER 8 DAYS OF TREATMENT Kidded two kids

1st kid @8.15pm - male - born alive and then died. 2nd kid @ 8.30pm -female - born dead Brought to casualty- MVC, Chennai @9.30pm CLINICAL EXAMINATION Temperature: 39.7 °c Animal active and alert. H/R :98/min CMM – pink and moist. R/R :28/min L/N : NAD. Shivering noticed. On abdominal palpation and vaginal examination revealed no fetal parts, cervix was open.

TREATMENT Inj. Dextrose 5% - 10ml/kg B.wt i/v Inj. Oxytetracycline – 5-20mg/kg b.wt i/v Inj. Calcium borogluconate – 150-250mg/kg

b.wt i/v  Inj. Oxytocin – 30-50 i.u i/m Inj. Dexamethasone – 2-5mg/kg b.wt i/v Inj. Chlorphenaramine malate - 1-2 ml i/m.

PROGNOSIS A day after parturition, in

early morning the goat gone for lateral recumbence, followed by coma and finally died.

PREVENTION Raise the plane of nutrition in second half of

pregnancy. Fed high quality roughage and as much as 500g of concentrate daily. Crushed maize and oats of good quality provided as readily digestible carbohydrate source. In obese goats only increase the energy diet and give sufficient exercise.

Glucose precursors- propylene glycol 15-30ml

every 12hours or sodium proportionate are often used. Stress should be reduced. Timid does and slow eaters housed separately and feed them with more care. Fed according to the litter size if possible. Glucose supplements. Biochemical monitoring of herd.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Dr.S.Kavitha.Ph.D., Associate professor,

Department of VCME&J. MVC Chennai. Dr.B.Gowri.M.V.Sc., Assistant professor, Department of VCME&J. MVC Chennai. Dr.R.V.Suresh.Ph.D., professor, Department of VCMEJ. MVC Chennai. Dr.S.Prathaban, Ph.D., Professor and Head Department of VCME&J, MVC, Chennai Dr.Kulasekar.Ph.D., Professor, Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics.