Pq 1stlevel M7 Curriculum

Power Quality Training Courses

The influence of static converters on the supply network

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Module 7 The influence of static converters on the supply network

1 INTRODUCTION The increasing use of power electronic converters has led to an increase of their negative influence on supply network and other loads. In the last decade or so, the focus on harmonic distortion has sharpened. Static converters are also the large consumers of reactive power and sources of other disturbances - voltage fluctuations, commutate notches etc. This effects, as well as possible methods of their mitigation are presented.

1.1 General aims The main intention of this seminar is to provide information and tools that allow easy prediction of the harmonic distortion of static converters in a given system and to find reasonable (economical) solution if the negative influence on the supply network is exceeding acceptable levels.

1.2 Target groups This module’s target group are mainly: − end-users of equipment − designers − installers or contractor of installations − electric networks operators − equipment sellers and services providers in the electricity sector.

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SPECIFIC AIMS AND TOPICS

The pathway of learning consists of a 2 days course, subdivided in sections (with different duration), with these contents and related aims. 1st day Contents

Aims

INTRODUCTION (harmonic related standards, harmonic voltage distortion, reactive power, PF, DPF) HARMONIC CURRENT DISTORTION OF THE DIODE RECTIFIER (single-phase and three-phase diode rectifier, inductor- and capacitor-output (dc) filter, diode rectifier at non-ideal conditions) HIGH POWER FACTOR THREE-PHASE RECTIFIERS (built-in dc-link inductance, multi pulse converters, active rectifier, third harmonic injection scheme) Supplying knowledge concerning basics of harmonics generated by one- and three-phase diode and thyristor converters witg LR and RC dc load, passive and active for harmonics mitigation

2nd day Contents

Aims

COMMUTATION PHENOMENA AND VOLTAGE NOTCHES, REACTIVE POWER SYSTEM LEVEL HARMONIC REDUCTION TECHNIQUES (mixing single-phase and three-phase diode rectifiers, quasi multi-pulse, passive filter, active filter) THE INFLUENCE OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT STATIC FREQUENCY CONVERTER ON SUPPLY NETWORK (PWM control, etc.), OVER CONVERTER TOPOLOGIES REQUIREMENT BASED COST-OPTIMAL RECTIFIER TOPOLOGY POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS (HVDC Transmission, SVC, TCSC, STATCOM, SSSC, UPFC, Other FACTS Devices) POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (custom power devices); DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND GRID INTERCONNECTION Supplying knowledge concerning principles of commutation phenomena, reactive power consumed by static converters. Use of the obtained knowledge to analysis and solving problems of harmonics and interharmonics generated by power electronic equipment and the compensation of reactive power, power electronic applications in power transmission and distribution systems

Below there’s a detailed overview of the course contents.

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Pathway of learning flow chart Time progression (hours)

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COURSE DETAILED PROGRAM

First day: 60 mins

Participants registration

5 mins

Openning, informations, course introduction

70 mins

Section 1: INTRODUCTION (harmonic related standards, harmonic voltage distortion, reactive power, PF, DPF) Modality: Lesson and discussion

45 mins

HARMONIC CURRENT DISTORTION OF THE DIODE RECTIFIER (singlephase and three-phase diode rectifier, inductor- and capacitor-output (dc) filter, diode rectifier at non-ideal conditions) Modality: Lesson, computer laboratory and discussion

15 mins

Coffee break

60 mins

Section 2: HIGH POWER FACTOR THREE-PHASE RECTIFIERS (built-in dc-link inductance, multi pulse converters, active rectifier, third harmonic injection scheme) Modality: Lesson and discussion

Second day: 45 mins

Section 3: COMMUTATION PHENOMENA AND VOLTAGE NOTCHES, REACTIVE POWER Modality: Lesson, laboratory and discussion

45 mins

SYSTEM LEVEL HARMONIC REDUCTION TECHNIQUES (mixing single-phase and three-phase diode rectifiers, quasi multi-pulse, passive filter, active filter) Modality: Lesson and discussion

15 mins

Coffee break

45 mins

Section 4: THE INFLUENCE OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT STATIC FREQUENCY CONVERTER ON SUPPLY NETWORK (PWM control, etc.), OVER CONVERTER TOPOLOGIES Modality: Lesson, laboratory and discussion

15 mins

REQUIREMENT BASED COST-OPTIMAL RECTIFIER TOPOLOGY Modality: Lesson and discussion

45 mins

POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS (HVDC Transmission, Static Var Compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), Static Compensator (STATCOM), Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Other FACTS Devices) Modality: Lesson and discussion

15 mins

Coffee break

45 mins

Section 4: POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS IN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (custom power devices); DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND GRID INTERCONNECTION

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Modality: Lesson, laboratory and discussion 45 mins

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Final discussion and conclusions, End of the course, user satisfaction survey (user’s questionnaire), Confirmations of attendance

GENERAL NOTES each day there will be two coffee breaks according to the seminar program; at the beginning of the course the lecturer will explain course aims and at the end he will verify their fulfilment; the course will be divided in theoretical and practical sections; at the end of the lessons, a user satisfaction survey will help the lecturer in monitoring the course quality.

TEACHING METHODS

Teaching methods are summarized in three main moments: − − −

knowledge transfer (Lesson) topics exposure by the lecturer with the help of slides and presentation of practical cases; deepening/learning verification (Discussion) general discussion stimulated by the lecturer (also during the lesson) to verify knowledge transfer; practical training, laboratory activities; group work

During all the sections, the lecturer will always attend, with teaching and/or activity coordination duty.

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DIDACTIC MATERIAL AND TOOLS

The didactic tools which will be used by the lecturers will be: − Blackboard − Video-projector − Notebook − Microphone The lecture room will be suitable to allow the use of all the above listed didactic tools and to enable group work for the attendants. Each user will receive, during the registration, a folder containing: − course program; − lecture notes containing all or part of the lecture slides. Some additional electronic tools will be available also in electronic format at: http://www.leonardoenergy.org/drupal/ . The folder will also include a user satisfaction questionnaire and a knowledge test (which will be both filled and submitted at the end of the course).

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EXISTING KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS

The following (on the basic level) shall be prerequisite for the participant: − − −

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electric circuits theory: AC circuits electric power engineering; power system power electronics

ACQUIRED COURSE KNOWLEDGE

The knowledge acquired during the course should be sufficient for: − − −

analysing of converter influence on supply network evaluation of technical and economic remedial measures (eliminations of voltage/current harmonics, SVC systems) application of power electronic equipment in transmission and distribution systems (FACTS and CUSTOM POWER equipment)

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