Pq 1stlevel M1 Curriculum

Power Quality Training Courses

Voltage dips and short interruptions

LPQIVES is co-finaced by:

LPQIVES is a programme of:

LPQI is part of:

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Module 1 Voltage dips and short interruptions 1 INTRODUCTION In the existing situation in National Power System, due to a dearth of comprehensive measurements and, in consequence, insufficient knowledge on the quality of supply, the acquisition of measurement data about voltage dips and short supply interruptions will be the task for the nearest future. Currently, these disturbances would be the subject of a contract only in specific cases. 1.1 General aims Two kinds of electromagnetic disturbances are dealt with in this seminar: voltage dips and short supply interruptions. Their sources and effects, as well as possible methods of their mitigation and measuring, are briefly described in the scope, which is sufficient for formulation of contractual provisions. The issues that should be taken into account in concluding a contract between the supplier and consumer of electric power are considered on the basis of the existing standards and regulations.

1.2 Target groups This module’s target group are mainly: • end-users of equipment • designers • installers or contractor of installations • electric networks operators • equipment sellers and services providers in the electricity sector.

2 SPECIFIC AIMS AND TOPICS The pathway of learning consists of a 2 days course, subdivided in sections (with different duration), with these contents and related aims. 1st day Contents

Aims

Contents

Aims

Introduction into Power Quality Effects of voltage dips and short interruptions Remedial measures Improvement of equipment immunity Supplying knowledge concerning basics of voltage dips and swell, sources, effects, methods for mitigation 2nd day Contract Examples of selected contracts and national regulations Indices based on the voltage change and energy-related indices Case studies Laboratory Supplying knowledge concerning principles of measuring, standardization, formulating contracts. Use of the obtained knowledge to analysis and solving problems, as well as to practical measurements in laboratory.

Below there’s a detailed overview of the course contents.

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2.1

Pathway of learning flow chart Time progresssion (hours)

130

Knowledge level

Section

0

Introduction into Power Quality

Lesson Lesson and discussion Lesson and practical training

2

30

3

50

430

5

15

2 3 4

Remedial measures. Improvement of equipment immunity.

Measurement of voltage dips and short interruptions

Contract. Examples of selected contracts and national regulations.

Indices and methods of analysis

745

5

845

6

Practical applications

End of Module

Final discussion and conclusions

915 3

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Introduction on voltage dips and short supply interruptions issues

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COURSE DETAILED PROGRAM

First day: 60 mins.

Participants registration

30 mins

Course introduction.

60 mins.

Section 0: Introduction into Power Quality. Overview on related topics - Definition of Power Quality and its components (the quality of voltage, the

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quality of power supply service, the commercial quality) - Disturbances inside of electrical power networks - Equipment susceptibility and immunity (susceptibility level, immunity level, compatibility level, planning level, disturbance level) - An overview on measuring systems and procedures - Relevant Power Quality Standards and Regulations Modality: Lesson and discussion 60 mins.

Section 1: Introduction on voltage dips and short supply interruptions issues - Definitions. Relevant Standards and Regulations. - Description of the disturbance (sources, duration, magnitude etc.) - Effects of voltage dips and short interruptions Modality: Lesson and discussion

30 mins

Coffe break

80 mins.

Section 2: Remedial measures (reduction of the number of faults; reduction of the fault clearance time; modification of the supply system configuration; installing voltage stabilizers). Improvement of equipment immunity. Modality: Lesson and discussion

Second day: 60 mins.

Section 3: Measurement of voltage dips and short interruptions (principles of measurement; reference voltage for measurement purposes; dip duration voltage thresholds marking start and end of the disturbance - fixed reference voltage and sliding reference voltage; distinguishing between voltage dips and short interruptions; reporting measurements results; example of measurement results) Modality: Lesson and discussion

45 mins.

Section 4: Contract (duration of measurements; reference voltage value; location and method of connection measuring instrument; technical specifications for measuring instrumentation; threshold values for disturbance detection; techniques of reporting the measurement results; methods for aggregation of measurement results - voltage-level aggregation, phase aggregation, time aggregation, space aggregation) Examples of selected contracts and national regulations Modality: Lesson and discussion

75 mins.

Section 5: Indices and methods of analysis (statistical methods and direct measurements) - Methods of analysis Modality: Lesson and discussion

30 mins

Coffe break

75 mins.

Section 5: Indices and methods of analysis (statistical methods and direct measurements) - Examples and regulations from several countries - Indices Modality: Lesson and discussion

60 mins.

Section 6: Practical applications Modality: Lesson and practical training

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30 mins

Final discussion and conclusions End of the module - user satisfaction survey (user’s questionnaire) Confirmations of attendance

GENERAL NOTES − − − −

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each day there will be two coffee breaks according to the seminar program; at the beginning of the course the lecturer will explain course aims and at the end he will verify their fulfilment; the course will be divided in theoretical and practical sections; at the end of the lessons, a user satisfaction survey will help the lecturer in monitoring the course quality.

TEACHING METHODS

Teaching methods are summarized in three main moments: − − −

knowledge transfer (Lesson) topics exposure by the lecturer with the help of slides and presentation of practical cases; deepening/learning verification (Discussion) general discussion stimulated by the lecturer (also during the lesson) to verify knowledge transfer; practical training, laboratory activities; group work

During all the sections, the lecturer will always attend, with teaching and/or activity coordination duty.

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DIDACTIC MATERIAL AND TOOLS

The didactic tools which will be used by the lecturers will be: − Blackboard − Video-projector − Notebook − Microphone The lecture room will be suitable to allow the use of all the above listed didactic tools and to enable group work for the attendants. Each user will receive, during the registration, a folder containing: − course program; − lecture notes containing all or part of the lecture slides; All this didactic material, and eventually some additional electronic tools, will be available also in electronic format on Leonardo Energy / LPQIVES website. The folder will also include a user satisfaction questionnaire and a knowledge test (which will be both filled and submitted at the end of the course).

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EXISTING KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS

The following (on the basic level) shall be prerequisite for the participant: − − − − −

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electric circuits theory: AC circuits electric machines electric power engineering; power system power electronics electric metrology.

ACQUIRED COURSE KNOWLEDGE

The knowledge acquired during the course should be sufficient for: − − − − − −

identification of the disturbance nature disturbance source identification disturbance assessment by means of measuring evaluation of technical and economic effects of disturbance proposing remedial measures formulation of contract between the supplier and consumer of electric power on the basis of the existing standards and regulations

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