POP ULA TIO N
POPULATION -the total number of inhabitants of a particular area
POPULATION PHILIPPINES - 92, 681, 453 (July 2008 est.)
WORLD -believed to be 6, 704, 845, 726 as of July 21, 2008
15 MOST POPULATED COUNTRIES • • • • • • • •
China India United States Indonesia Brazil Pakistan Bangladesh Nigeria
9. Russia 10. Japan 11. Mexico 12. PHILIPPINES 13. Vietnam 14. Germany 15. Egypt
PHILIPPINES
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
1. DEFORESTATION One of the causes of deforestation in the Philippines is the upland migration due to urban poverty and spatial congestion.
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
2. AGRICULTURAL LAND CONVERSATION Conversation of the agricultural lands is primary due to increasing population and industrialization because these two phenomena increase the demand for land for residential, industrial, and other economic activities.
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
3. SOIL EROSION The three primary reasons for soil erosion are caused by human, and these include: improper land uses, shifting of cultivation practices, and extensive deforestation .
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
4. SOLID WASTE ACCUMULATION Solid wastes are accumulated, specially in the urban areas, primarily because the people’s improper handling and disposal of household, hospital, and industrial wastes.
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
5. WATER POLLUTION Bodies of water are polluted due to wastes brought by increasing population, agricultural intensification, and industrialization.
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
6. WATER CRISIS Naturally, if there are many people then the demands for water are higher and excessive extraction of groundwater results to water crisis .
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
7. MARINE POLLUTION Marine ecosystems are being polluted because of the people’s uncontrolled discharge of waste.
Environmental Problems Associated With Increasing population
8. FISHERY RESOURCE DEPLETION Some of the fishermen are using destructive gears and methods just to get more products.
Source: Population Commission of the Philippines
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
TOP 3 REGIONS 3.Southern Tagalog 4.NCR 5.Central Luzon
POPULATION 8, 263, 099 7, 948, 392 6, 199, 017
•More Filipinos are living in the urban and industrialized areas due to social and economic reason
URBAN AREAS = HIGH POPULATION RESULTS poverty health problems uneven economic development environmental deterioration
SUCH AS: growth of slum and squatters settlements lot of waste management problems water crisis water and air pollution traffic
URBANIZATION The increase in the urban share of total population.
URBANIZATION • In 2008, half of the world’s human population, 3.3 billion people will be living in urban areas. • URBAN POPULATION GROWTH Rapid --- developing worlds particularly in ASIA and AFRICA Slow --- Latin America and Caribbean •
Most urban population growth stems from natural increase (more birth than death) rather than migration.
URBANIZATION & POVERTY • The growth of urban areas includes huge numbers of poor people. 3 POLICY INITIATIVES 1. Preparing for an urban future requires, at a minimum, respecting the rights of the poor to the city. 1. Cities need a longer-term and broader vision of the use of urban space to reduce poverty and promote sustainability. * involves the climate change and the considerable proportion of urban concentration at or near sea level.
1. Collaboration of different institutions and organizations in improving the nature and form of future urban expansion, and thus enhancing its power to reduce poverty and promote environmental sustainability.
THE PROMISE OF URBAN GROWTH “The growth of cities will be the single largest influence on development in 21st century” -
UNFPA’s 1996 State of World Population Report
POSITIVE IMPLICATIONS OF URBAN EXPANSION global economic growth
poverty alleviation population stabilization environmental sustainability exercise of human rights
URBAN GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF SPACE
The land area occupied by cities is not in itself large. -all urban sites (including green as well as built-up areas) cover only 2.8% of the earth’s land area.
However, the space taken up by urban localities is increasing faster than the urban population itself. Worlds urban population --- increase by 72% Built-up areas of cities --- increase by 175%
URBAN GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF SPACE
POSITIVE SIDE: Global urban expansion takes up much less land than activities that produce resources for consumption such as food, building materials or mining. Global urban expansion takes up much less land than the yearly loss of natural lands to agricultural activities, forestry, and grazing, or o erosion or salinization.
NEGATIVE SIDE: Since many cities are situated at the heart of rich agricultural areas or other lands rich in biodiversity, the extension of the urban parameter cuts further into available production and encroaches upon important ecosystems.
URBAN GROWTH AND SUSTAINABLE USE OF SPACE
POPULATION DENSITY Demographic concentration gives sustainability a better chance. The protection of rural ecosystems ultimately requires that population be concentrated in non-primary sector and densely populated areas.
CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT an
increase in temperature in the urban core compared to surrounding areas results from the impacts of different land uses in urban areas, creating microclimates and health consequences. as villages grow into towns and then into cities, their average temperature increases from 2°C to 6°C above that of the surrounding countryside
CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Rapid urban growth + potent impacts of climate variability+ climate change = severe consequences for environmental health in the tropics SUCH AS: hot stress build-up of tropospheric ozone which can affect: Urban Economy (yield of labour and economic activities) Social organization
CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE URBAN PHENOMENA heat pollution
smog ground-level ozone
EFFECTS IN SURROUNDING RURAL AREAS reducing agricultural yields
increasing health risks spawning tornadoes and thunderstorms
CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH Human health in urban areas may suffer as a result
of climate change, specially in poor urban areas where inhabitants are less able to adapt. Changes in temperature and precipitation can spread
disease in previously unaffected areas and encourage it in areas already affected. Change in climate and the water cycle could affect
water supply, water distribution, and water quality in urban areas, with important consequence for water-borne diseases.
POPULATION & ENVIRONMENT “With the imbalance growing between the population numbers and vital life sustaining resources, human must actively conserve cropland, freshwater, energy, and biological resources. There is a need to develop renewable energy resources. Human everywhere must understand that rapid population growth damages the Earth’s resources and diminishes human-well-being” -David Pimentel Cornell University