Plant Structure - Seed Plants

- The Characteristics of Seed Plants

Root Structure

• A root’s structure is adapted for absorbing water and minerals from the soil.

Stems • Trees have woody stems. A typical woody stem is made up of many layers. The layers of xylem form annual rings that can reveal the age of the tree and the growing conditions it has experienced.

- Angiosperms

The Structure of Flowers Flowers come in all sorts of shapes, sizes, and colors. But, despite their differences, all flowers have the same function: reproduction

- Angiosperms

Reproduction in Angiosperms • First, pollen falls on a flower’s stigma. In time, the sperm cell and egg cell join together in the flower’s ovule. The zygote develops into the embryo part of the seed.

How Seeds Become New Plants • A seed has three main parts–an embryo, stored food, and a seed coat. If a seed lands in an area where conditions are favorable, the plant sprouts out of the seed and begins to grow.

Gymnosperms Non-flowering plants Seeds protected in cones.

Principal Groups:

IMPORTANCE: -Wood: building materials and paper products. - Medicines

- Resin (sticky fluid) to make soap, paint and ink.

Angiosperms Flowering Plants - Most abundant plants today. IMPORTANCE: -They are an extremely important source of food (E.g. Rice, Potato, Corn, Wheat) - Medicines - Industrial Usage: -Clothing & Fibers (E.g.Cotton, Flax) -Rubber -Cosmetics -Oil -Construction (E.g. Bamboo or oak trees)

Angiosperms • Angiosperms are divided into two major groups: monocots and dicots.