Physics P2 Kelantantrialspm 2008(ans)

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MARKING SCHEME Question No. 1 (a)

Answer P = Lifting Force Q = Weight / Gravitational Force Attraction P=Q Lifting Force / P Total 300 s

(b) (c) 2. (a) (b)

Marks 1 1 1 1 1

Pt = ml 100 x ( 1050 – 300) = 0.5 l l = 150 000 J kg-1m(with unit) Heat supplied is used to break up bonds between molecules

(c)

Heat is not used to increase kinetic energy Total Parallel circuit Mk 1 – all symbols correct Mk 2 – circuit is correct The brightness of lamp J = lamp K = lamp L = lamp M

3. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

(c)

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The voltage is the same One bulb blow , other bulbs can still lights up Total The process where induced current / e.m.f in a conductor when the conductor experiences a change in magnetic flux. Solenoid experiences a change in magnetic field. An induced current / e.m.f induced in the solenoid

1 1 6 1

(ii)

A : North pole - 1m B : South pole - 1m

1 1

(i)

Increases

1

(ii)

The magnitude of induced current increases // the rate of change of the magnetic flux increases Total

1

4. (a) (b)

2

(i)

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5. (a) (b)

(i) (ii) (iii)

(c) (d) (e)

6. (a) (b) (c)

(d) (e)

(i) (ii)

(f) 7. (a)

(i) (ii)

(b)

(i)

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Change of momentum/product of Force with time of impact

1

Force on the watermelon in Diagram 5.1 is larger than the force on the watermelon in Diagram 5.2 Time of impact on surface A is shorter than time of impact on surface B A shorter time of impact will produce a larger force The change of momentum of the watermelon in Diagram 5.1 is equal to that of the watermelon in Diagram Sponge/carpet/towel/cloth/grass & other suitable materials 1. Body will be hold back by the seat belt when car stopped suddenly 2. The seat belt will lengthen slightly, the impulsive force inflicted on the body will be less Total The light which has one wavelength / one colour Wavelength of red light > Wavelength of blue light The distance between consecutive bright fringes for red light is more than that of blue light./ The distance between consecutive bright fringes for the same light are constant. The longer the wavelength, the longer the distance between consecutive bright fringes The distance between two consecutive bright fringes will decrease a is inversely proportional to x Diffraction // Interference Total Temperature ↑, resistance ↓ - Lines drawn on the graph. -1.35 Ω Output,R

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1

0 1 1 1 (ii) (iii)

OR

PKPSM Kelantan 2008 ®

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(i)

To control the current flows into the base terminal.

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(ii)

At night, no light fall on the LDP, resistance, R of LDP ↑. As R ↑, the voltage, V across the LDP also ↑. V across the base circuit > Vmin , this will switch on the transistor and the collector circuit works.

1

(iii)

The voltage 6 V in the collector circuit will not light up the bulb. Total

8 (a)

(d)

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2

(b) (c)

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(i) (ii) (i) (ii) (iii)

Real, diminished, inverted 1/f = 1/u +1/v v = 15 cm m = v/u m = 0.5 Objective lens = convex lens Y Eyepiece = convex lens X Power of convex lens X > power of convex lens Y

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9 (a)

(i)

Total Angle between incident ray and normal line

(ii)

• • •

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Increase the angle of incidence,i, then angle of refraction,r will also increase Keep on increasing the angle of incidence until angle of refraction is 90° The angle of incidence is called critical angle

physics

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Increase the angle of of incidence more than the critical angle The ray will be reflected.

• Density diagram 9.2 < density diagram 9.3 • Refractive index 9.2 < Refractive index 9.3 • Angle of refraction in diagram 9.2 > angle of refraction in diagram 9.3 • The higher the density the smaller the angle of refraction • The higher the refractive index the smaller the angle of refraction.

(b)

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(c) Suggestion Use refractive index of outer layer is less than the refractive index of outer layer Use high flexibility material Use strong material Use thin material

10(a)

(b)

(ii)

10 20 1

M1 M2

Number of turns in D10.2 is bigger angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator in D10.2 is bigger the reading of spring balance in D10.2 is smaller as current flows is bigger, force acting upwards is bigger the reading of spring balance is smaller as ,the force upwards that act on the coils is bigger

1 1

Force acting on the cooper rod moved the cooper rod towards the magnet the cooper rod vibrates as current change direction

1 1 1 1

M5

(i)

so that it can be bend do not break easily Lighter // can be use in small area Lighter

Low density material Total A resultant field due to the combination of the magnetic field due to the current in the conductor and external magnetic field // Diagram

M3 M4

(c)

Explanation So that total internal reflection can happen in the fiber optic.

M1 M2 M1 M2

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(i)

M1 M2 M3 M4

(ii)

11(a)

(i) (ii) (iii)

(b)

(i)

(ii) (c)

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6

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When the current flow into the coil, magnetic field is produced. And forces are produced Catapult field is produced The forces are in the opposite direction These pair of forces produce the turning effect on the coil.

1

Increase the strength of magnet / add more magnet increase the strength of magnetic field Increase the number of turns in the coils to increase the magnitude of force Increase the magnitude of current to increase the magnitude of force / increase the strength of magnetic field

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1 1 1

Total

20

Weight is the gravitational force acts an object. Upthrust = weight of the boat - Sea water is denser - Boat displaced less sea water and gain the same upthrust . Therefore boat sinks less in sea water Upthrust = mass of sea water displaced = mg = Vρg = 250 X 1080 X 10 = 2.7 X 106 N

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2. 7 X 106 = V X 1000 X 10 ∴ V = 270 m3

1 1

1 1

(i) Specifications Small stem and long. Glass wall Large diameter of bulb. Lead shots (ii)

Reasons Increase the sensitivity where the scale divisions are far apart so that small changes in density can be detected. Do not erode and small adhesive force. High upthrust /displaces more liquid/to be able to float easily.

8 2 2

Hydrometer can stay upright.

- P is chosen - Small and long stem, glass wall, large diameter of bulb and lead shots used. Total

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SULIT 12(a)

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(i)

The time taken for half of nucleus radioactive material to decay.

1

(ii)

Fast moving electron / electron

1

(iii)

Geiger-Muller tube - 800 ---------> 400 ---------> 200 ----------> 100 ----------> 50 // 14 days 14 days 14 days 14 days

1

(b)

1

No. of T 1/2 = 4

(c)

- 4 x 14 days / 64 days

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- The state of matter of radioisotope is solid.

1

- Easier to handled.

1

- Emits gamma-ray. - Penetrating power is high.

1 1

- Long half-life. 1 - Last longer. - The most suitable radioisotope is Cobalt-60. - Because the state of matter is solid, emits gamma-ray and long half-life (d)

(i) (ii)

(iii)

The process of breaking up of on heavy nucleus into lighter nucleus. - Neutron bombarded a uranium nucleus // Diagram

1 1 1 1

-

Three neutrons produced // Diagram The new neutron bombarded a new uranium nucleus // Diagram

1 1

-

For every reaction, the neutrons produced will generate a chain reaction // Diagram - 1m

1

E = mc2 2.9 x 10 -11 = m x (3.0 x 108)2 m = 3.22 x 10-28 kg Total

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