Philosophy.docx

PHILOSOPHY PERRENIALISM

ESSENTIALISM

PROGRESSIVISM

SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM

HUMANISM

EXISTENTIALISM

GOAL OF EDUCATION

ROLE OF STUDENTS

ROLE OF TEACHERS

TEACHING METHODS

CURRICULUM EMPHASIS

Develop timeless virtues (justice, temperance, fortitude, and prudence): instill knowledge for the sake of learning. Promote and instill cultural literacy in all students; provide a common core of cultural knowledge Use student interests as a basis for understanding and ordering students’ experience. Use education to help solve significant social problems and, as a result, make democracy more efficient and effective Emphasis self-actualization, help students become selfactualized, and blend the cognitive and the effective; help students assimilate knowledge into their daily lives; stress human values.

Develop and use virtues in Ele’s decisions: acquire knowledge.

Instill virtues know subject matter; teach subject matter to all students

Teacher-centered; lecture

Subject matter and common core curriculum; emphasis on arts and sciences

Acquire and use cultural knowledge; learn and use thinking skills

Primarily subject-and teacher-centered methods

A uniformed curriculum for all students emphasis subject matter and cultural knowledge

Participate in formulating the purposes that are the basis for the student-centered curriculum. Identify social problems and use thinking skills and knowledge to solve problems

Provide a common core cultural literacy curriculum integrated with basic school subjects. Act as facilitator student learning; determine student interests for developing curriculum Facilitate process of students identifying and solving community-based problems

Create climate of freedom and choice where individuals can choose and be responsible for their decisions.

Accept responsibility for choices and actions; learn to set personal goals and achieve them by developing independence, making

Develop healthy attitude toward self, others; and learning experience; become self- actualized.

Help students to become self-actualized and make sense of learning; connect individuals to their learning and help them apply curriculum to themselves, the community, the nation, and the world. Create an environment for independent action and enable students to make choices and accept responsibility for behavior.

Learning center; cooperative learning; student-led andinitiated discussion Facilitate cooperative learning and group problem solving; encourage students to use problem solving skills

Student interests and needs; democracy, morality, social development. Integrated knowledge of and solution of social problems in the regular curriculum

Group processes; one-on-one teacher-student interaction

Physical and emotional needs of students and development of learning, experience so that students can fulfill their needs and resolve developmental crisis.

Analysis and decision regarding students’ choices

Social studies; humanities

decisions, and problem solving