Ohe M2 Dentin • Hard Calcified Tissue That Makes Up
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OHE M2
o
Formed during odontogenesis
DENTIN
o
MANTLE DENTIN
•
Hard calcified tissue that makes up the bulk of the tooth, it is covered by the enamel coronally and by the cementum radically, it also protects and encloses the pulp tissue o
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTIN •
HARD CALCIFIED TISSUE o
Softer than enamel but harder than cementum and bone
•
YELLOWISH INTRINSIC COLOR
•
FIRM, RESILIENT AND DEFORMABLE o
•
•
RADIOPAQUE o
Light
o
Hard tissue and bone
o
RADIOLUSCENT
Dark
Gingival and pulp tissue
•
Bulk of dentin mass
Product of coordinated odontoblasts
Consists of beta-fibrils and mucopolysaccharide ground substance
PULP RECESSION
Dentin becomes thicker as pulp becomes thinner
Asymmetric reduction in size and shape of the chamber and the number of the pulp horns
SECONDARY DENTIN SCLEROSIS
Double refraction o
HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS
•
ORGANIC 20% o
COLLAGEN
o
GROUND SUBSTANCE
•
WATER 10%
•
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS AND CHONDROITIN SULFATE
SCHREGER’S LINE
Line of directional change in tubular pattern
Dark line on dentin
o
Responsive to noxious stimuli (attrition, erosion, caries, cavity preparation)
o
Minimizes dentin permeability
o
VASODENTIN
Mineralization of dentin
o
o
1
Has vascular inclusion
OSTEODENTIN
PRIMARY DENTIN (REGULAR DENTIN/ORHTODENTIN)
Reduce the overall permeability of dentin
TERTIARY DENTIN(REACTIVE/REPARATIVE/IRREGULAR SECONDARY DENTIN)
TYPES OF DENTIN: •
CIRCUMPULPAL DENTIN
o
INORGANIC 70%
o
Product of premature odontoblast
Develops after root formation is completed
o
POROUS AND PERMEABLE
o
o
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTIN •
Outer layer
SECONDARY DENTIN
POSITIVELY BIREFRINGENT o
•
•
Prevent fracture of enamel
Appears similar to bone
ATUBULAR FIBRODENTIN
o
Where dentinal tubules are formed by replacement
•
Between dentinal tubules
DENTINAL TUBULES
Accentuated dark stained line of enamel and dentin
o
Anatomical structures that marks due to extreme changes in environment during development
Regularly arranged canals which extends from the tooth pulp to the DEJ in the crown of the tooth and to the DCJ in the root
o
DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
o
Product of odontoblast (primary)
NEONATAL LINE
o
Pulp protector
o
REPARATIVE DENTIN
GREATER BRANCHING
Type of tertiary dentin formed by the existing odontoblast
o
REACTIONARY DENTIN
Type of tertiary dentin formed by new odontoblast
o
GLOBULES OF CALCOSPHERITES o
•
o
S – shaped curvature
PRIMARY CURVATURES
Uncalcified dentin matrix
•
STUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF DENTIN •
o Intercellular material of dentin
o
2 units:
FORMED ELEMENTS o •
α – fibers (collagenic); β – fibrils (fibrous)
UNFORMED ELEMENTS
•
Club or spiral-shaped structure
Extensions of odontoblasts
ODONTOBLASTIC PROCESS/TOME’S FIBER
o
o
PERITUBULAR DENTIN/INTRATUBULAR DENTIN
Surrounds tubules
Formed in vital teeth
Provide nutrition, pain sensation •
Mucopolysaccharides (ground substance)
INTERTUBULAR DENTIN
2
Directed apically
ENAMEL SPINDLE
Directed coronally
SECONDARY CURVATURES •
DENTINAL MATRIX o
Straight
PROXIMAL AREAS
Globules of mineralization
DENTINOID/PREDENTIN
Anastomoses with branches; root dentin
INCISAL AND CUSPAL AREAS
o
3 smaller branches
LATERAL BRANCHES
o
2 equal branches
NUCLEUS OF ODONTOBLAST o
Pulp
o
CYTOPLASMIC EXTENSIONS OF ODONTOBLAST
o
Mitochondria, mircotubules, actin filaments
•
o o
o
•
LAMINA LAMITANS Membrane
PERIODONTOBLASTIC SPACE
Contains DENTIAL FLUID
Physiologic maintenance of dentin
•
INTRATUBULAR NERVE
Plexus of RASCHKOW
Pain
•
o
•
o
Odontoblastic process mediates transmission of stimuli Molecular movement of odontoblast will irritate odontoblastic plexus of nerves sending pain signals to the brain
Movement of dentinal fluid within the dentinal tubule that irritates the odontoblastic processes sending pain signals to the brain
o
Appositional growth of dentin
CONTOUR LINES OF OWEN o
Similar to incremental lines of Retzius
o
Accentuation of growth lines
SCLEROTIC/TRANSPARENT DENTIN o
Less sensitivity
o
Thickening of peritubular dentin
DEAD TRACTS o
Less sensitivity
o
occurs in tertiary dentin
o
tubules are emptied
o
caused by noxious stimuli
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS:
Most accepted theory
•
DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
•
Metallic restoration o
DIRECT CONDUCTION THEORY o
Nerve endings are directly irritated
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISITICS OF DENTIN •
Similar to transverse striations
HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY OF BRANNSTROM o
•
•
TRANSDUCTION THEORY o
o
AGE CHANGES OF DENTIN:
THEORIES ON DENTIN SENSITIVITY •
INCREMENTAL LINES OF VON EBNER
INTERGLOBULAR DENTIN
o
•
Rapid penetration and spread of caries
•
Vitality of dentin
•
Sensitivity and pain
•
Indirect pulp capping o
Area of structural defect where
Amalgam
Calcium hydroxide
unmineralized dentin are caused by non fusion of GLOBULES OF CALCOSPHERITES
•
o
Deficiency in vit.D
o
Exposure to high levels of fluoride
-Rosette Go 013009
GRANULAR LAYER OF TOMES o
Dark granules near DCJ but it lies entirely on dentin
3
o
Formed during odontogenesis
DENTIN
o
MANTLE DENTIN
•
Hard calcified tissue that makes up the bulk of the tooth, it is covered by the enamel coronally and by the cementum radically, it also protects and encloses the pulp tissue o
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTIN •
HARD CALCIFIED TISSUE o
Softer than enamel but harder than cementum and bone
•
YELLOWISH INTRINSIC COLOR
•
FIRM, RESILIENT AND DEFORMABLE o
•
•
RADIOPAQUE o
Light
o
Hard tissue and bone
o
RADIOLUSCENT
Dark
Gingival and pulp tissue
•
Bulk of dentin mass
Product of coordinated odontoblasts
Consists of beta-fibrils and mucopolysaccharide ground substance
PULP RECESSION
Dentin becomes thicker as pulp becomes thinner
Asymmetric reduction in size and shape of the chamber and the number of the pulp horns
SECONDARY DENTIN SCLEROSIS
Double refraction o
HYDROXYAPATITE CRYSTALS
•
ORGANIC 20% o
COLLAGEN
o
GROUND SUBSTANCE
•
WATER 10%
•
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS AND CHONDROITIN SULFATE
SCHREGER’S LINE
Line of directional change in tubular pattern
Dark line on dentin
o
Responsive to noxious stimuli (attrition, erosion, caries, cavity preparation)
o
Minimizes dentin permeability
o
VASODENTIN
Mineralization of dentin
o
o
1
Has vascular inclusion
OSTEODENTIN
PRIMARY DENTIN (REGULAR DENTIN/ORHTODENTIN)
Reduce the overall permeability of dentin
TERTIARY DENTIN(REACTIVE/REPARATIVE/IRREGULAR SECONDARY DENTIN)
TYPES OF DENTIN: •
CIRCUMPULPAL DENTIN
o
INORGANIC 70%
o
Product of premature odontoblast
Develops after root formation is completed
o
POROUS AND PERMEABLE
o
o
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DENTIN •
Outer layer
SECONDARY DENTIN
POSITIVELY BIREFRINGENT o
•
•
Prevent fracture of enamel
Appears similar to bone
ATUBULAR FIBRODENTIN
o
Where dentinal tubules are formed by replacement
•
Between dentinal tubules
DENTINAL TUBULES
Accentuated dark stained line of enamel and dentin
o
Anatomical structures that marks due to extreme changes in environment during development
Regularly arranged canals which extends from the tooth pulp to the DEJ in the crown of the tooth and to the DCJ in the root
o
DICHOTOMOUS BRANCHING
CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
o
Product of odontoblast (primary)
NEONATAL LINE
o
Pulp protector
o
REPARATIVE DENTIN
GREATER BRANCHING
Type of tertiary dentin formed by the existing odontoblast
o
REACTIONARY DENTIN
Type of tertiary dentin formed by new odontoblast
o
GLOBULES OF CALCOSPHERITES o
•
o
S – shaped curvature
PRIMARY CURVATURES
Uncalcified dentin matrix
•
STUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF DENTIN •
o Intercellular material of dentin
o
2 units:
FORMED ELEMENTS o •
α – fibers (collagenic); β – fibrils (fibrous)
UNFORMED ELEMENTS
•
Club or spiral-shaped structure
Extensions of odontoblasts
ODONTOBLASTIC PROCESS/TOME’S FIBER
o
o
PERITUBULAR DENTIN/INTRATUBULAR DENTIN
Surrounds tubules
Formed in vital teeth
Provide nutrition, pain sensation •
Mucopolysaccharides (ground substance)
INTERTUBULAR DENTIN
2
Directed apically
ENAMEL SPINDLE
Directed coronally
SECONDARY CURVATURES •
DENTINAL MATRIX o
Straight
PROXIMAL AREAS
Globules of mineralization
DENTINOID/PREDENTIN
Anastomoses with branches; root dentin
INCISAL AND CUSPAL AREAS
o
3 smaller branches
LATERAL BRANCHES
o
2 equal branches
NUCLEUS OF ODONTOBLAST o
Pulp
o
CYTOPLASMIC EXTENSIONS OF ODONTOBLAST
o
Mitochondria, mircotubules, actin filaments
•
o o
o
•
LAMINA LAMITANS Membrane
PERIODONTOBLASTIC SPACE
Contains DENTIAL FLUID
Physiologic maintenance of dentin
•
INTRATUBULAR NERVE
Plexus of RASCHKOW
Pain
•
o
•
o
Odontoblastic process mediates transmission of stimuli Molecular movement of odontoblast will irritate odontoblastic plexus of nerves sending pain signals to the brain
Movement of dentinal fluid within the dentinal tubule that irritates the odontoblastic processes sending pain signals to the brain
o
Appositional growth of dentin
CONTOUR LINES OF OWEN o
Similar to incremental lines of Retzius
o
Accentuation of growth lines
SCLEROTIC/TRANSPARENT DENTIN o
Less sensitivity
o
Thickening of peritubular dentin
DEAD TRACTS o
Less sensitivity
o
occurs in tertiary dentin
o
tubules are emptied
o
caused by noxious stimuli
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS:
Most accepted theory
•
DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
•
Metallic restoration o
DIRECT CONDUCTION THEORY o
Nerve endings are directly irritated
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISITICS OF DENTIN •
Similar to transverse striations
HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY OF BRANNSTROM o
•
•
TRANSDUCTION THEORY o
o
AGE CHANGES OF DENTIN:
THEORIES ON DENTIN SENSITIVITY •
INCREMENTAL LINES OF VON EBNER
INTERGLOBULAR DENTIN
o
•
Rapid penetration and spread of caries
•
Vitality of dentin
•
Sensitivity and pain
•
Indirect pulp capping o
Area of structural defect where
Amalgam
Calcium hydroxide
unmineralized dentin are caused by non fusion of GLOBULES OF CALCOSPHERITES
•
o
Deficiency in vit.D
o
Exposure to high levels of fluoride
-Rosette Go 013009
GRANULAR LAYER OF TOMES o
Dark granules near DCJ but it lies entirely on dentin
3
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