Survey report
“Private Schooling System is better than the Public / Government Schooling at primary level”
Report submitted to : Mrs. yoyo Report submitted by : xxx Date of submission :
ivy
14/Sept/08
Newports Institute of Communications and Economics
Purpose of Study The essence of this research is a comparative study of Education
System in Pakistan, both in public and private sectors.
The purpose of the study is not to pull down the standard of
private schools or eliminate that option but to improve the quality of public school system as well.
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Hypothesis ”Private schooling, particularly at the primary level is indeed a
large and increasingly important factor in education in Pakistan both in absolute terms and relative to public schooling.”
“The challenge for the elective governments and for our society is
to create a uniform educating system with a standard curriculum and examination system.”
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Description of Research Report Chapter 1: Consists of an in-depth literature review and
explains the concept of Private Schooling System in Pakistan both in absolute terms and in relation Public/Government Schooling System.
Chapter 2: Explains the methodology of the report, giving
information about the respondents, sample size, and the questionnaire designed.
Contd.. (Des. Of RR) Page 4
Description of Research Report Chapter 3: This gives results and an in-depth analysis of
the answers given by the respondents to each question.
Chapter 4: This final part concludes the findings of the
survey, validates the hypothesis, and states the conclusion of the thesis.
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CHAPTER - 1
‘Literature Survey’
Introduction Since the denationalization of private schooling in Pakistan in
1979, there has been significant growth in the share of education in the private sector, both in terms of the numbers of schools, as well as the proportion of children enrolled.
Based on a school mapping exercise conducted in 1983, the
authors noted that there had been a large increase in the number of private schools, leading to substantial cost savings for the government in the provision of education.
Despite the growth in private schools, educational institutions did
still not service large proportions of the country’s population, and this was particularly important in the case of girls in rural areas. Lastly, based on tuition and other fees in private schools, it was observed that private schools seemed to be catering only to the rich.
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Using a new census of private educational institutions in Pakistan together with the population census, we present evidence that private schooling; particularly at the primary level is indeed a large and increasingly important factor in education in Pakistan both in absolute terms and relative to public schooling. Contrary to expectations, private schools are not an urban elite phenomenon. They not only are prevalent in rural areas but also are affordable to middle and even low-income groups. Fees respond in predictable ways to measured school inputs, suggesting that parents can infer quality variation between schools.
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Key Terms (in alphabetical order): Benchmark: The comparative quality of education in high-low profile private and the
public schools.
Elite Private Schools: Privileged schools for a compact group of people who can
afford any kind of financial burden in terms of fees and other expenses regarding the schooling of their children.
Equity Considerations: Creating an atmosphere in which both type of schooling
systems do not affect each other’s efficiency and are able to compete on fair basis and without any biasness as well.
First Generation Literates: Being a young nation, children of those people who
firstly started living in Pakistan.
High Profile Private Schools: Those private schools that are actually fulfilling the
criterion of quality education while acquiring well qualified and fully experienced teachers and having a highly paid fee schedule, and are certainly providing beneficial educational output.
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Key Terms:
Low Profile Private Schools: Those schools that just have registrations and in real, they are exploiting the students more than our public schools do. These schools have poor educated and almost untrained teaching staff, though with a nominal fee schedule, but at whole detracting the abilities of their students. These schools have markedly worst educational output.
Peer Effect: Under `elite’ sorting, there may also be a decline in educational outcomes if there is a `peer effect’, whereby all `good’ students go to private schools, and all `bad’ students are forced to remain within the public system.
Private Schooling: Schools that are under the authority of personal owners that are not directly regulated by the government. Private schools are not as such free for all students, rather have some merits (specially followed in high profile schools), and distinctive fee structures.
Public Schooling: Schools that are run under the authority and regulation of government for the good of the public. Public schools are free for all of the students with very nominal fee structures.
Quality Education: The quality of the education that is being conducted in the schools, both in the public and private sectors. Study shows that not particularly, all the private schools are providing quality education; although, there are many public schools in some areas that are even better than the low profile private schools.
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Key Terms: School Input-Educational Output: The standard of education that is being
given in the schools and the relative results that can be obtained from the schools’ input. Student-Teacher Ratio: Ratio of teachers and students in public and
private schools i.e. a high ratio of student and teachers can be seen in the public schools, while a selective ratio can be observed in the private schools. Trade-Off Between Quality and Fees: Response of fees in terms of
quality of the education, occurring in two perspectives; student-teacher ratios and teacher education.
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CHAPTER - 2
‘Methodology & Questionnaire Design’
Methodology Of The Report The hypothesis is tested for those individuals who support the
phenomenon of Private Schooling as well as have an access to the Public or Government schools to some extent. The hypothesis tested based on a questionnaire targeting major factors (as discussed above) that may contribute to the increasing rate of Private Schools in Pakistan. The questionnaire consists of 10 closed-ended questions to get accurate responses.
However, responses of the individuals were also observed and
analyzed to frame a realistic picture of their perceptions. Thus, an accurate and in-depth observation and analysis was also conducted in order to measure the overall impact of Private Schooling in Pakistan mainly at the Primary Level.
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Sample Size In order to test the hypothesis accurately, a realistic and
measurable sample size of 50 respondents is taken. Out of these 50 respondents, more than 96% respondents were interviewed who have received their primary education in any Private School or have strong views about the Private Schooling.
However, remaining 4% respondents were interviewed who have
received their basic education from any Public/Government School or have some opinion about the Government Schools.
Such an attempt is made to measure, compare and analyze the
perception of people with respect to the Education System in Pakistan mainly at the Primary Level or the Basic Education.
Questionnaire & Analysis Page 14