Paper2 Trial Melaka 07

SULIT 4551/2 Biologi Kertas 2 September

Nama Tingkatan

2 ½ jam

JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA Dengan Kerjasama PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA SEKOLAH MENENGAH MALAYSIA (PKPSM) CAWANGAN MELAKA

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_______________________________________ PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA 2007 BIOLOGI Kertas 2 Dua jam tiga puluh minit JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A, satu soalan daripadaBahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C.

2. Jawapan kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang jawapan yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan. Langkah penting dalam kerja mengira hendaklah ditunjukkan. 3. Jawapan kepada Bahagian B dan Bahagian C hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas jawapan yang disediakan . Anda diminta menjawab dengan lebih panjang tetapi jawapan mestilah jelas dan logik. Dalam jawapan anda, persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh digunakan. 4. Jawapan kepada ketiga-tiga bahagian ini hendaklah diserahkan bersama-sama. Anda hendaklah menyerahkan kertas tulis dan kertas graf tambahan, jika digunakan, bersama-sama dengan kertas soalan.

Untuk kegunaan pemeriksa Bahagian

1 2 A

7.

Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah , Bahagian B 30 minit dan Bahagian C 30 minit.

3 4

5. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan dimaksudkan untuk memberi maklumat yang berguna bagi menjawab soalan. Rajah tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya. 6. Penggunaan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan adalah dibenarkan.

No.

5 Jumlah B

6 7

90 minit

Jumlah C

8 9

4551/2

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 39 halaman bercetak termasuk kulit [LihatJumlah sebelah] Jumlah Besar

Markah

Section A [ 60 marks] Answer all questions The time suggested to complete this section is 90 minutes.

For Examiner’s Use

1.

Diagram 1.1 shows a model of plasma membrane.

P:………………………...

Q:………………………... R:………………………... DIAGRAM 1.1 1(a)(i) (a)

(i)

Name the structures labelled P, Q and R. [3 marks]

(ii) Name the process occur at R and explain how? Process at R:…………………………………………………………………… 3(c) Explanation:…………………………………………………………………….. ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... Platelets in contact with damaged tissue .....................................................................................................................

1(a)(ii)

..................................................................................................................... [3 marks] Thromboplastin Vitamin S

TOTAL For 3(b)(ii) 3(a) 1(d)(ii) 3(b)(iii) 3(d) Examiner’s 2(d)(i) 3(b)(i) TOTAL 3(b)(iv) For For For Examiner’s Examiner’s Examiner’s Examiner’s Examiner’s Use Use Use P

Ion T

Prothrombin

Thrombin

at AfterFibrinogen two days

W

(b) How does the process P differ from the process

For Examiner’s Use

4.

Diagram 4.1 shows a part of human brain , kidney and a nephron which involve in the process of osmoregulation.

DIAGRAM 4.1 (a) 4(a)

What is the function of kidney in osmoregulation ? ...…………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

Sunlight

[ 2 marks ]

Nucleus

Xilem vessel

Vein

For Examiner’s Use 4(b)(i)

Phloem tube (b)

Individual Y drinks excessive water. (i)

For Examiner’s Use

What happen to the blood osmotic pressure in his body ?

……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Diagram 5.1 shows types of wings in fruit flies ( Drosophila sp.) [ 1 mark ]

4(b)(ii)

(ii)

Explain how hypothalamus and gland M response to the condition in (b)(i) ?

Stoma

Air space

Hypothalamus: ………………………………………………………………………… ...…………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Gland M : : ………………………………………………………………………………. ...…………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….. [ 4 marks] (c)

5.1 If individual Y eating a very saltyDIAGRAM food, the adrenal gland will release less hormone Q . (a) (i)

5(a) 4(c)(i)

...…………………………………………………………………………………

4(c)(ii)

5(b)(i)

Name the types of wings as shown below. What is hormone Q ?

(ii)

Explain how hormone Q involved in the mechanism to restore the osmotic pressure of the blood back to normal levels.

Type …………………………………………………………………………………………….. of wing:………………………….. Type of wing:……………………………… ...……………………………………………………………………………… …………… [ 2 marks ] ……………………………………………………………………………………………… (b) (i) State one factor that causes variation between the two types of wings in fruit flies. [ 3 marks ] ………………………………………………………………………................... [ 1 mark ]

5(b)(ii)

(ii)

4(d) TOTAL

(d)

Describe how the factor in (b) (i) causes variation.

…….…..………………………………………………………………………………... Kidney function may be impaired by excessive blood loss, certain poisons or …………………………………………………………………………................ infectious……. diseases which can lead to kidney failure. Diagram 4.2 shows a haemodialysis machine which can save a kidney patient’s life. …………………………………………………………………………………………… [ 2 marks ]

For Examiner’s Use

(b)(iii)

Referring to diagram 5.1, construct a histogram for the number of fruit flies against the types of wings.

5(b)(iii)

[ 3 marks ] (c) Diagram 5.2 (i) and diagram 5.2(ii) shows the changes occur in structure of chromosomes which causes mutation. P Q R S T U

P Q S T U

P Q R S T U

DIAGRAM 5.2 (i)

5(c)(i)

(i)

P Q S R T U

DIAGRAM 5.2 (ii)

State one factor which causes the mutation. ……………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark ]

(ii)

Compare the mutations which occur in diagram 5.2(i) and 5.2(ii)? ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………

5(c)(ii)

……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… [ 3 marks ] Section B [ 20 marks]

TOTAL

Answer any one question from this section. The time suggested to complete this section is 30 minutes. 6. Diagram 6.1 shows three organisms P, Q and R

P

R

Q

DIAGRAM 6.1 (a)

(i)

Describe the type of skeleton in P and Q

[4 marks]

(ii)

Explain one similarity and two differences between the skeleton Q and R. [6 marks]

(b)

Muscle cramp, muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis and problems related to the musculoskeletal system. State the causes of each problem problems.

arthritis are four health

and suggest ways to overcome these health [10 marks]

7.

Diagram 7.1 shows the human life cycle

DIAGRAM 7.1 (a)

Explain the importance of meiosis in maintaining the number of chromosomes in human in Diagram 7.1.

(b)

Diagram 7.2 shows the product of cloned plant.

[4 marks]

DIAGRAM 7.2 Based on Diagram 7.2, explain how the plant being cloned [6 marks]

(c)

Diagram 7.3 shows the organs found in the mangrove trees.

P

T

R

S

DIAGRAM 7.3 Explain the adaptive characteristics of organ P,R,S and T that enable the mangrove trees to survive at the swampy seashore. [10 marks]

Section C [ 20 marks]

Answer any one question from this section. The time suggested to complete this section is 30 minutes. 8. Diagram 8.1 shows cycle of events in the ovary and the hormonal control of menstrual cycle. Pituitary Gland

Hormone P

Primary follicle Hormone X

Hormone R

Ovulation

Structure T

Hormone Y

DIAGRAM 8.1 (a)

(i) (ii)

b.

Based on Diagram 8.1, state the meaning of menstrual cycle? [2 marks ] Starting with hormone produced by pituitary gland and ovary, describe how the hormone regulate the menstrual cycle and an ovary produced an ovum ? [8 marks ]

Colour blindness is a genetic disease that could be inherited and occurs within a specific gender. Inheritance of colour blindness can be prevented in a family.

Schematic Diagram 8 shows a genetic pedigree of colour blindness in three generations of a family. b represents allele for colour blindness and , B represents allele for normal vision. Buta warna adalah penyakit genetik yang boleh diwarisi dan barlaku dikalangan jantina tertentu. Pewarisan buta warna dapat dicegah daripada berlaku dalam sesebuah keluarga. Rajah skema 8 berikut menunjukkan salasilah buta warna bagi tiga generasi dalam sesebuah keluarga. b mewakili alel untuk buta warna dan, B mewakili alel untuk penglihatan yang normal.

XBY

XBXb

Generation l

Generation ll

Generation lll

Keys:

Normal male

Normal female

Colour blind male

Carrier female Colour blind female

DIAGRAM 8 RAJAH 8

Based on Diagram 8, give your opinion about the above statements. Berdasarkan Rajah 8, berikan pendapat anda tentang pernyataan di atas.

[10 marks]

9. Diagram 9 shows a man walking past the dry lake bed of Tasik Pedu in Kedah.

DIAGRAM 9

(a) (i) Name the environmental problem shown in the diagram and how it occurs. (ii) Explain ways to overcome the environmental problem that you have stated in (a)(i). [10 marks] (b)

When sewage is released into the pond gradually, the number and the size of aquatic animals increase but when more sewage is released into the pond, all the aquatic animals die. Explain how this sewage affect the pond ecosystem and the balance of nature. [ 10 marks] END OF QUESTION PAPER