Oral Cavity And Teeth
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OHE: THE ORAL CAVITY AND TEETH
•
ORAL CAVITY •
FORAMEN CECUM
Lined with an uninterrupted mucous membrane which is continuous with the skin near the vermillion border of the lips and with the pharyngeal mucosa in the region of the soft palate and anterior pillars of the fauces
•
•
Found at the apex of the sulcus terminalis
•
Marks the foramen orifice of the thyroglossal duct
MEDIAN SULCUS
ORIGIN OF ORAL MUCOSA •
•
ECTODERM o
o
Lips
o
Vestibule
o
Gingival
o
Cheeks
o
Palate
o
Floor of the mout
ENDODERM o
o
Tongue
DIVISION OF ORAL CAVITY •
VESTIBULE
•
ORAL CAVITY PROPER
o
PARAORAL TISSUES •
Surrounding the oral cavity
•
TONGUE o
o
Mucosa of the dorsum of tongue
Thickened parakeratinized epithelium for sensation of
o
Touch
•
Temperature
•
Taste
VERTICALLY
HORIZONTALLY
LONGITUDINALLY
EXTERNAL MUSCLES
HYOGLOSSUS
GENIOGLOSSUS
STYLOGLOSSUS
PALATOGLOSSUS
PAPILLAE FILIFORM PAPILLAE •
Gives velvety appearance of tongue
•
Has tactile sensation or ability to know that there is something on the tongue
V-shaped line where the BASE and the BODY join
•
Primary for sense of touch
Divides dorsal tongue mucosa into
•
Myelinated nerve fibers
POSTERIOR 1/3
o
•
INTERNAL MUSCLES
Lies within ORAL CAVITY PROPER
Lies in the PHARYNX
SULCUS TERMINALIS
Divides the tongue into two equal halves
SPECIALIZED MUCOSA
ANTERIOR 2/3
Smaller posterior
•
Larger anterior
o
1
Free nerve endings
o
Complex end
o
Ducts open at the bottom of the epithelial folds
o
Serous gland, serves as solvent for food substances
organs (most common type) o
•
Epithelial nerve endings
No taste functions o
FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE
TASTE BUDS
•
Loosely scattered
Cells of taste buds are epithelial in origin
•
Smooth, round or mushroom-like
Barrel-shaped with ovoid epithelial cells
•
Highly vascular connective tissue core
Epithelial cells with club-shaped sensory nerve endings arising from GUSTATORY NERVE FIBERS from:
•
Thin non-keratinized epithelium
•
Found at the tip of the tongue
•
Sensation for SWEET & SALTY
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL N.
•
VAGUS N.
•
CHORDA TYMPANI N.
TASTE PORE
FOLIATE PAPILLAE •
•
Sensation for SOUR
•
Lie parallel to each other and are separated by deep folds
•
•
•
TYPES •
Has ducts of serous glands that open into the depths of the epithelial folds Watery secretion of these glands wash out the trenches so that new taste can be perceived
Small opening that serves as a communication between surface and taste pit
DARK CELLS (TYPE I) o
Cytoplasmic process that extends far into the taste pore
o
Ends in numerous long, finger-like microvilli
o
Nuclei are rich in
CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE •
Least in number, biggest
•
Divides anterior 2/3 of tongue from posterior 1/3
•
Marks the area that develops from different branchial arches with different nerve supplies
•
OUTER SURFACE: orthokeratinized epithelium
•
Sensation for BITTER
•
EBNER’S GLAND
heterochromati n
2
o
Closely packed free ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum & cytoplasmic filaments
o
For synthesis & secretion of pore substance
•
LIGHT CELLS (TYPE II) o
Less numerous but more voluminous than dark cells
o
Short apical cytoplasmic process, many short microvilli
o
Low in heterochromatin
o
•
•
Has unknown function
INTERMEDIATE CELLS (TYPE III) o
Least numerous cell population of taste buds
o
Surrounded by DARK CELLS
o
Cytoplasm: short, blunt process at or above the bottom of the pore
o
Nuclei: rich in heterochromatin
o
Actual receptor cells of taste buds
BASAL CELLS (TYPE IV) o
Perpendicular to the basal lamina
o
Stem cell for the other types of cells
•
3
•
ORAL CAVITY •
FORAMEN CECUM
Lined with an uninterrupted mucous membrane which is continuous with the skin near the vermillion border of the lips and with the pharyngeal mucosa in the region of the soft palate and anterior pillars of the fauces
•
•
Found at the apex of the sulcus terminalis
•
Marks the foramen orifice of the thyroglossal duct
MEDIAN SULCUS
ORIGIN OF ORAL MUCOSA •
•
ECTODERM o
o
Lips
o
Vestibule
o
Gingival
o
Cheeks
o
Palate
o
Floor of the mout
ENDODERM o
o
Tongue
DIVISION OF ORAL CAVITY •
VESTIBULE
•
ORAL CAVITY PROPER
o
PARAORAL TISSUES •
Surrounding the oral cavity
•
TONGUE o
o
Mucosa of the dorsum of tongue
Thickened parakeratinized epithelium for sensation of
o
Touch
•
Temperature
•
Taste
VERTICALLY
HORIZONTALLY
LONGITUDINALLY
EXTERNAL MUSCLES
HYOGLOSSUS
GENIOGLOSSUS
STYLOGLOSSUS
PALATOGLOSSUS
PAPILLAE FILIFORM PAPILLAE •
Gives velvety appearance of tongue
•
Has tactile sensation or ability to know that there is something on the tongue
V-shaped line where the BASE and the BODY join
•
Primary for sense of touch
Divides dorsal tongue mucosa into
•
Myelinated nerve fibers
POSTERIOR 1/3
o
•
INTERNAL MUSCLES
Lies within ORAL CAVITY PROPER
Lies in the PHARYNX
SULCUS TERMINALIS
Divides the tongue into two equal halves
SPECIALIZED MUCOSA
ANTERIOR 2/3
Smaller posterior
•
Larger anterior
o
1
Free nerve endings
o
Complex end
o
Ducts open at the bottom of the epithelial folds
o
Serous gland, serves as solvent for food substances
organs (most common type) o
•
Epithelial nerve endings
No taste functions o
FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE
TASTE BUDS
•
Loosely scattered
Cells of taste buds are epithelial in origin
•
Smooth, round or mushroom-like
Barrel-shaped with ovoid epithelial cells
•
Highly vascular connective tissue core
Epithelial cells with club-shaped sensory nerve endings arising from GUSTATORY NERVE FIBERS from:
•
Thin non-keratinized epithelium
•
Found at the tip of the tongue
•
Sensation for SWEET & SALTY
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL N.
•
VAGUS N.
•
CHORDA TYMPANI N.
TASTE PORE
FOLIATE PAPILLAE •
•
Sensation for SOUR
•
Lie parallel to each other and are separated by deep folds
•
•
•
TYPES •
Has ducts of serous glands that open into the depths of the epithelial folds Watery secretion of these glands wash out the trenches so that new taste can be perceived
Small opening that serves as a communication between surface and taste pit
DARK CELLS (TYPE I) o
Cytoplasmic process that extends far into the taste pore
o
Ends in numerous long, finger-like microvilli
o
Nuclei are rich in
CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE •
Least in number, biggest
•
Divides anterior 2/3 of tongue from posterior 1/3
•
Marks the area that develops from different branchial arches with different nerve supplies
•
OUTER SURFACE: orthokeratinized epithelium
•
Sensation for BITTER
•
EBNER’S GLAND
heterochromati n
2
o
Closely packed free ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum & cytoplasmic filaments
o
For synthesis & secretion of pore substance
•
LIGHT CELLS (TYPE II) o
Less numerous but more voluminous than dark cells
o
Short apical cytoplasmic process, many short microvilli
o
Low in heterochromatin
o
•
•
Has unknown function
INTERMEDIATE CELLS (TYPE III) o
Least numerous cell population of taste buds
o
Surrounded by DARK CELLS
o
Cytoplasm: short, blunt process at or above the bottom of the pore
o
Nuclei: rich in heterochromatin
o
Actual receptor cells of taste buds
BASAL CELLS (TYPE IV) o
Perpendicular to the basal lamina
o
Stem cell for the other types of cells
•
3
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