Operations Manual Ver 4

Innovative Air Solutions Operations Manual-Innoair Series Small Wind Generators

www.innoair.ca

1

Contents 1) Introduction 2) Data sheets a. Innoair 400 b. Innoair 600 c. Innoair 1000 d. Innoair 3000 e.PV 75-90w f. PV 150-180w 3) Parts list 4) Power generation 5) Site specifications 6) Assembly-Installation 7) Electrical installation 8) Brake replacement 9) Balance of system (BOS) options 10)Wind-solar power monitoring 11)Contact information

3 4 5 6 7, 8 9 10 11 12 13 14-18 19-22 23 24-34 35-37 38

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Introduction Global energy shortages and pressure to implement alternate energy sources has increased the demand for geothermal, solar and wind generated systems. Sustainable living and the need to reduce carbon based emissions is a topic that cannot be avoided in the world today. Global warming and energy deficits have revitalized research and development in wind turbines. They not only have reduced noise levels and become more reliable, but have increased capacity as well. They range in size from 200w to 3.6mW and wind farms are now integrated into the power grid systems. In many locations a wind turbine is often combined with PV panels because seasonal variations in wind and solar resources are complementary. Innovative Air Solutions Inc (IAS) has secured the Canadian, selected US states and Latin American distribution rights to the latest technology in small wind turbines and PV panels. The wind turbines have been engineered to generate between 0.4 and 3.0kW and the PV panels between 75 and 150w.

Photograph 3.1 Tsingdao, China Olympic site

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4

Innoair 600 Wind Turbine Data Sheet Description ● ● ● ●

The The The The

Innoair 600 wind turbine is rated at 600w at 9 m/ sec. or 32.4 km/ hr. wind speed. wind turbine begins to generate power at 2.2 m/ sec.or 7.9 km/ hr. mechanical braking system activates at 14 m/ sec. or 48.6 km/ hr. patented aluminum blade design is finely balanced and subsequently very quiet and efficient.

Performance Specifications Wind Wind (m/s) km/ hr 0 0.0 1 3.6 1.5 5.4 2 7.2 3 10.8 4 14.4 5 18.0 6 21.6 7 25.2 8 28.8 9 32.4 10 36.0 11 39.6 12 43.2 13 46.8 14 50.4 15 54.0 16 57.6

Innoair 600 900 800 700 600

P(W)

500

400

300 200 100 0 0

1

1.5

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Wind speed (m/s)

10

11

12

13

14

15

Parts Data No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Qty: 1 1 3 9 12 3 3 1 1 6

Description: Nut for nose cone Nose cone Hexagonal screws: M8 x 40 Hexagonal Screws: M8 x 30 Spring gaskets: 8 Dia. Hub Fan Blade Generator Tail Hexagonal screws: M6 x 20

No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Description: Nuts: M12 Spring gaskets: 12 Dia. Wind Regulator Supporting Tower Hexagonal screws: M10x25 Spring gaskets: 10 Dia. Gaskets: 10 Dia.

Qty: 1 1 1 1 4 4 4

Technical Data Technical Specifications Number of Blades Material of blades Generator type Rotor Diameter Rated Voltage (V) Rated Power (W) Start-up wind speed (m/s) Cut-in wind speed (m/s) Rated wind speed (m/s) Braking wind speed (m/s) Rotor Speed Braking System Product Life Circle Warranty Period Net Weight/Gross Weight Packaging Packaging size Product Origin Optional Accessories Available

3 Alu Permanent magnet 2.2 m 24 V, DC OUT 600 1.5 2.2 9.0 14.0 Up to 650 rpm Mechanical break 10 Years 2 Years 35KG/39KG Carton with styrofoam 1240 x 470 x 290mm Germany/ China Battery charge controller, dummy load box, power inverter

Site Considerations ● An optimal installation site should provide high average wind speed and minimum turbulence ● Wind power is relatively proportional to the cube of the wind speed, for example a wind speed at 5m/s will generate almost 2 times the power of 4m/s. ● The wind turbine could be damaged if the installation site has unstable and turbulant airflow. This will be detrimental to wind turbine's long-term safe operation. The turbulence will also greatly reduce the power generation capabilities. ● The wind turbine's supporting tower must be at least 8m. and at least 7m above any surrounding obstacles.

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Innoair 1000 Wind Turbine Data Sheet Description ● ● ● ●

The The The The

Innoair 1000 wind turbine is rated at 1000w at 12 m/ sec. or 43.2 km/ hr. wind speed. wind turbine begins to generate power at 3.0 m/ sec.or 10.8 km/ hr. mechanical braking system activates at 15 m/ sec. or 54.0 km/ hr. patented aluminum blade design is finely balanced and subsequently very quiet and efficient.

Performance Specifications Wind Wind (m/s) km/ hr 0 0.0 1 3.6 1.5 5.4 2 7.2 3 10.8 4 14.4 5 18.0 6 21.6 7 25.2 8 28.8 9 32.4 10 36.0 11 39.6 12 43.2 13 46.8 14 50.4 15 54.0 16 57.6

Innoair 1000 1200 1000

P(W)

800 600 400 200 0 0

1

1.5

2.2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Wind speed (m/s)

10

11

12

12.5

13

13.5

Parts Data No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Qty: 1 1 3 9 12 3 3 1 1 6

Description: Nut for nose cone Nose cone Hexagonal screws: M8 x 40 Hexagonal Screws: M8 x 30 Spring gaskets: 8 Dia. Hub Fan Blade Generator Tail Hexagonal screws: M6 x 20

No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Description: Nuts: M12 Spring gaskets: 12 Dia. Wind Regulator Supporting Tower Hexagonal screws: M10x25 Spring gaskets: 10 Dia. Gaskets: 10 Dia.

Qty: 1 1 1 1 4 4 4

Technical Data Technical Specifications Number of Blades Material of blades Generator type Rotor Diameter Rated Voltage (V) Rated Power (W) Start-up wind speed (m/s) Cut-in wind speed (m/s) Rated wind speed (m/s) Braking wind speed (m/s) Rotor Speed Braking System Product Life Circle Warranty Period Net Weight/Gross Weight Packaging Packaging size Product Origin Optional Accessories Available

3 Alu Permanent magnet 2.9 m 24V/48V 1000 2.5 3.0 12.5 15.0 Up to 380 rpm Mechanical break 10 Years 2 Years 44KG/45KG Carton with styrofoam 1210 x 420 x 430mm Germany/ China Battery charge controller, dummy load box, power inverter

Site Considerations ● An optimal installation site should provide high average wind speed and minimum turbulence ● Wind power is relatively proportional to the cube of the wind speed, for example a wind speed at 5m/s will generate almost 2 times the power of 4m/s. ● The wind turbine could be damaged if the installation site has unstable and turbulant airflow. This will be detrimental to wind turbine's long-term safe operation. The turbulence will also greatly reduce the power generation capabilities. ● The wind turbine's supporting tower must be at least 8m. and at least 7m above any surrounding obstacles.

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Innoair 3000 Wind Turbine Data Sheet

t

Description     

n

The Innoair 3000 is a small wind turbine rated at 3000w at 11 m/sec or 39.6 km/ hr of windspeed The wind turbine begins to generate power at 3.5 m/ sec or 12.4 km/ hr The mechanical braking system activates at 13 m/ sec or 46.8 km/ hr The patented aluminium blade design is finely balanced to reduce vibration and increase efficiency

Performance Specifications

Innoair 3000

Wind Speed m/ sec

d r r y

s

0

c

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Innoair 3000 Wind Turbine Data Sheet

t

Technical Data The Innoair 3000 wind generator has been engineered to produce an average of approximately 7000 kWhr/ year of electricity at 6 m/sec. The unique blade design has a pitch system that turns to dump excess loading during high wind.

The Windy Boy 3300 WB grid-tie inverters is specified for the innoair 3000 wind generator. All Windy Boys are fitted with a die-cast Aluminum housing. This protects the electronic components safely from wind and weather. Combined with the Opti-Cool cooling system it ensures maximum operating capabilities even at high ambient temperatures.

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Innoair PV Photovoltaic Panel

s

Technical Data Sheet: Series 75w to 90w The Innoair PV panels Series 75, 80, 85 and 90w comprise of a configuration of 36 monocrystalline cells. The cells are protected from extreme weather conditions encapsulated between high light transmittance (91.6%) tempered glass with an ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) and backed by tedlar composite film (TPT). The operating conditions range from -40˚ C to + 85˚ C. The hail impact test resulted in a maximum diameter of 28mm with an impact speed of 86 km/ hr.

Mechanical Characteristics Model

CSG80S1-17/1209×539 36 Mono-crystalline Si 5 inch (125*125mm) CXRH with 2 bypass diodes Length 900mm,4mm2 with MC connectors

Cells Junction box cabling Cell encapsulation Back

EVA(Ethylene-Viny-Acetate) TPT(Tedlar composite film)

Frame

Aluminum Alloy Frame

Length

1209mm

Width

539mm

Height

50mm

Weight Dimensions of the frameless module

9.8kg 1,203*533*5mm(L*W*H)

Electrical Characteristics Nominal power Pmax

75W

80W

Power tolerance

85W

90W

-3% ~ +5%

Open circuit voltage, VOC

21.6

21.6

21.9

22.2

Short circuit current, ISC

4.87

5.00

5.14

5.25

Max power voltage, Vmpp

17.2

17.2

17.6

17.8

Max power current, Impp

4.36

4.65

4.83

5.00

System voltage

1000V

Current-temperature coefficient at short circuit

(0.065±0.015)%/ oC

Voltage-temperature coefficient at open circuit

-0.3%/ oC

Power-temperature coefficient at maximum circuit Nominal operating cell temperature (NOCT)

-(0.5±0.05)%/ oC

Internal series resistance

1.6Ω

Power guarantee Product guarantee

45±2oC 10 years (-10%)

25 years (-20%)

2 years

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Innoair PV Photovoltaic Panel

s

Technical Data Sheet: Series 150w to 180w The Innoair PV panels Series 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175 and 180w comprise of a configuration of 72 mono-crystalline cells. The cells are protected from extreme weather conditions encapsulated between high light transmittance (91.6%) tempered glass with an ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA) and backed by tedlar composite film (TPT). The operating conditions range from 40˚ C to + 85˚ C. The hail impact test resulted in a maximum diameter of 28mm with an impact speed of 86 km/ hr. Mechanical Characteristics Model

CSG170S1-35/1579×807 72 Mono-crystalline Si 5 inch (125*125mm) CXRH with 3 bypass diodes Length 900mm,4mm2 with MC connectors

Cells Junction box Cabling Cell encapsulation

EVA(Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate)

Back

TPT(Tedlar composite film)

Frame

Aluminum Alloy Frame

Length

1576mm

Width

807mm

Height

50mm

Weight Dimensions of the frameless module

16.2kg 1,573*801*5mm(L*W*H)

Electrical Characteristics Nominal power Pmax

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

-3% ~ +5%

Power tolerance Open circuit voltage, Voc

43.2

43.2

43.2

43.5

43.8

44.2

44.4

Short circuit current, Isc

4.87

4.93

5.00

5.14

5.21

5.30

5.40

Max power voltage, Vmpp

34.2

34.2

34.4

34.8

35.2

35.2

35.6

Max power current, Impp

4.37

4.51

4.65

4.72

4.83

4.95

5.05

1000V

System voltage Current-temperature coefficient at short circuit,%/ C

(0.065±0.015)%/ oC

Voltage-temperature coefficient at open circuit,%/oC

-0.3%/ oC

Power-temperature coefficient at maximum circuit,%/oC

-(0.5±0.05)%/ oC

Nominal operating cell temperature (Noct), %/oC

45±2oC

Internal series resistance, Ω

1.6Ω

o

Power guarantee Product guarantee

10 years (-10%)

25 years (-20%)

2 years

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Parts List No.

Description:

Qty:

No.

Description:

Qty:

1

Wind Direction Regulator

1

13

Hexagonal Screws: M8×40

9

2

Tail Tube

1

14

Spring gaskets: 8 Dia.

12

3

Hexagonal Screws: M6×30

6

15

Nose Cone

1

4

Spring Gaskets:6 Dia.

6

16

Even Gaskets: 10 Dia.

1

5

Even Gaskets: 6 Dia.

6

17

Spring Gaskets:10 Dia.

1

6

Even Gaskets: 12 Dia.

1

18

Nut for Nose Cone M10

1

7

Spring Gaskets:12 Dia.

1

19

Welding Flange Chassis

1

8

Nuts:M12

1

20

Hexagonal Screws: M10×35

4

9

Generator

1

21

Even Gaskets: 10 Dia.

4

10

Fan Blade

3

22

Spring Gaskets: 10Dia.

4

11

Blade clamps

3

23

Nuts：M10

4

12

Hexagonal Screws: M8×30

3

11

Estimated Power Generation

Wind Speed m/sec

Innoair 400 kWHr/ year

Innoair 600 kWHr/ year

Innoair 1000 kWHr/ year

Innoair 3000 kWHr/ year

2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0

175 220 440 660 745 875 965 1050 1315 1575 2100 2450 3065 3500 3855 3940 4200 4380 4470 4555 4600 4570 4555 4470 4450 4450

260 660 755 875 1010 1140 1490 1750 2190 2670 3065 3590 4380 5255 5780 6045 6175 6350 6480 6660 6830 6875 6920 7010 6920 6840

220 660 1050 1400 1665 1930 2630 3155 3415 3635 3940 4470 5040 5260 5520 6130 6570 7095 7885 8585 9810 10,075 10,075 10,075 10,075 10,075

0 220 155 3800 3285 4465 5475 6835 8760 10,775 11,390 13,840 15,780 17,960 19,710 21,900 23,650 26,280 27,770 27,855 27,595 26,720 25,400 25,400 24,950 26,720

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Site Conditions The supporting tower must be set as high as possible. Since the higher the tower above the ground level, the greater the wind speed and the more stable the airflow. The recommended tower height in flat areas must be at least 8m or 26ft. The site should have an average annual wind speed of 4m/ sec or 13 ft/ sec. 15 km/ hr, 9 mph. The ideal location for a wind turbine is 6.5m or 20 ft. above any surrounding object within a 75m, 250 ft radius. This will reduce wind turbulence and increase the efficiency of the wind turbine. At this height, the solar panels will also be well situated for optimum operating conditions. Note that the wind power is relatively proportional to the cube of the wind speed. For example a wind speed at 5m/sec or 16 ft/sec will generate almost 2 times the power of 4m/s or 13 ft/sec.

Figure 9.1 wind site specifications

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Assembly-Installation

Picture 10.1 wind generator packaging

The wind generators are packaged in a cardboard box and formed Styrofoam.

Picture 10.2 Packing of the generator and charge controller/ load box

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Assembly-Installation

Picture 11.1.Cable installation to generator

Picture 11.2 Cable installation to the light.

Cables are pulled through the horizontal pole or simply dropped down on a vertical standing pole. For area lighting and/ or PV panel hybrid applications run the cables at the same time.

The lights are generally easier to install from the ground level.

Picture 11.3 LED light installation.

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Assembly-Installation

Picture 12.1 Generator installation

Picture12.2 Generator installation at ground level

The generator can be installed once the pole is in place or attached when from the ground.

Picture 12.3 Nose cone removal.

Remove the bolt and nose cone.

Picture 12.4 Blade clamp assembly.

Remove the three blade clamps.

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Assembly-Installation

Picture 13.1 Generator wiring.

Picture 13.2wiring to the pole cables.

Attached the generator wires to the cables using merits and secure with electricians tape. The pole design should also include a cable support hook at the top.

Picture 13.3 Generator connection at the pole.

Picture 13.4 Electrical housing replaced.

Secure the generator with the bolts provided and blue “Lock-Tight”. Note: depending on the pole design the electrical housing may have to be removed in order to screw the bolts into the pole.

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Assembly-Installation

Picture 14.1 Tail tube and wind direction locator.

Picture 14.2 Tail assembly installation.

Attach the tail assembly by joining the wind direction locator and tail tube with the bolt provided. A 12” or 30 cm long ratchet should be used. Attach the assembly to the generator housing with the allan screws provided.

Picture 14.3 Blade installation

Picture 14.4 Complete blade assembly

Picture 14.5 Complete unit assembly

Attach the three blades with the 12 allan screws followed by the nose cone. The wind generator portion of the installation is now complete.

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Off-Grid Light System Battery Installation

Figure 15.1 wiring configuration

Batteries are hooked in series. Lighting application should have the capacity of 150 to 200 ampHrs. LED applications can run 24v DC directly to the light and avoid the use of a converter and subsequent power loss. Low voltage high-pressure sodium or other AC luminairs will require a 120v AC converter.

Picture 15.1 battery wiring

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Off-Grid Light System Battery/ 1 kW Charge Controller Installation

Power Connection

Picture 16.1 1 kW Charge controller

1. Connect the battery’s positive (+) of ’Battery’ terminal on the controller using 6 mm, ¼” cable. Connect the battery’s negative (-) of ‘Battery’ terminal on the controller using 6mm, ¼ “ cable. Be sure that the polarity is connected properly. The length of the cables should be less then 1m, 3’ 3”. Tighten the nuts of each battery terminal by hand until it is snug, do not over tighten. 2. Connect the output of the wind turbine to the “Wind Input” terminals on the charge controller 3. Connect the output of the PV panel to the “Solar Input” terminals of the charge controller. 4. Connect the load to the ‘+’ and ‘-1” of “DC Output” to the light source.

Picture 16.2 wiring to the 1 kW charge controller

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Off-Grid Light System Battery/ 600w Charge Controller Installation

4 – 6v batteries are hooked in series. Note that 2 – 12v batteries could also be used but 6v are much lighter and easier to handle for the majority of applications.

Picture 17.1 battery configuration

The generator and PV cables are attached to the identified connection points. The “DC Output” is only used when 24v DC LED lights are used.

Picture 17.2 600w charge controller

This particular application requires a 120v AC converter. The cables are attached to the charge controller at the battery connectors. The plug and cable runs to the LED light.

Picture 17.3 102v Ac converter

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Wall Mount Photo Voltaic Panel Installation

The panels should be mounted facing south in the northern hemisphere and north in the southern hemisphere. NOTE: If you are not familiar with electrical codes a qualified electrician should install the equipment.

Picture 18.1 Photo voltaic panels

The external panel wiring must be protected by conduit based on local building codes. The wiring runs through to the charge controller and is wired to its identified connection.

Picture 18.2 wiring instructions

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Brake Replacement Very little maintenance is required on the Innoair systems. Apart from visual inspections the brake must be checked which requires the following procedures: The brake is activated when at 15 m/ sec or 50 ft/ sec at 55 km/ hr or 35 mph. It should be checked every two years and replaced every three to five years. Depending on the pole design it can be lowered or reached with a bucket lift. Remove the tail fin screws then the brake assembly. Picture 19.1 tail assembly removal

Simply remove the center bolt using a 5/8” wrench and remove the brake. Replace the assembly and bolt followed by the tail fin.

Picture 19.2 brake assembly removal

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Balance of System (BOS)

Alternate Energy Accessory Options Depending on the requirements of a particular alternate energy system a variety of components and options are available; these include:    

Charge controllers Load diverters Charge inverters/ Grid tie-in Batteries

Charge Controllers

s

The charge controllers are important components as they prevent the batteries from being over and under-charged. They also regulate the voltage to help ensure the longest battery life. Some controllers come with various options such as 12, 24 and 48v regulation, automatic low and high voltage adjustable disconnect and amp-hour meters. Display monitors can also show battery voltage, PV panel/ wind generator current and output charge current. LED lights will indicate the charge status and shows when the battery is fully charged.

Xantrex C40 Charge Controller

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Load Diverters

s

Many charge controllers have the option to divert power to heat water or air. Excess power can also be diverted to the grid system; however, this option is not yet available in all areas. Be sure to check with your local power authority and ask about the net-metering program. (See “Charge Inverters” for more information).

Morningstar TS45Charge Controller/ Load Diverter

Charge Inverters/ Grid Tie

n

An inverter is a central component of any alternative power system that requires AC power. Inverters transform low voltage 12-volt DC power to standard 120 / 240 volt AC power (also referred to as 110 / 220 volt) used to power most modern appliances and tools. In an inverter, DC (direct current) is switched back and forth to produce AC (alternating current). This is then transformed, filtered, stepped, etc. to get it to an acceptable waveform. The more processing, the cleaner and quieter the output, but the efficiency of the conversion is reduced. The goal is to produce a waveform that is acceptable to most loads but does not lose too much power in the conversion process.

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Types of Inverters

s

Modern inverters come in two basic types - modified sine wave and pure sine wave. A modified sine wave is close but not identical to the waveform that comes from your public utility. Modified sine wave inverters can run most household appliances including TV’s, stereos, lighting, computers, etc. Some equipment such as laser printers, tools with variable speed motors and other sensitive devices may work erratically with modified sine wave. Also, some appliances such as radios and florescent bulbs may give off a noticeable humming or buzzing noise. Some loads may also heat up more. Modified sine wave inverters are relatively inexpensive and have a very efficient DC to AC conversion ratio. Pure sine wave inverters produce a waveform that is identical to and in some cases better than what you get from your public utility company. All appliances and electronic equipment will operate as intended when using pure sine wave power, insuring that even your most sensitive electronic equipment runs properly. Pure sine wave inverters are considerably more expensive than modified sine wave inverters and their DC to AC conversion rate is not quite as efficient. Inverters have two different capacity ratings. One is the continuous output rating and the other is the surge capacity rating. The continuous output rating is how much power, in watts, the inverter can provide continuously, hour after hour. Inverters can be connected to the grid or be used to convert 24 and 48v battery packs to AC power. Both on and off-grid inverters can be modified and pure sine wave. Our Innoair 3000 wind turbines specifies the Windy Boy 3300WB and the Go-Power inverter for off-grid installations. The InnoPV specify the Sunny Boy systems.

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WINDY BOY 700U / 3000US GRID-TIE INVERTERS

SMA’s Windy Boy inverters combine the same proven technology present in all Sunny Boy inverters with special firmware that permits direct grid-tied operation with a broad range of wind turbines – without batteries. This greatly reduces the overall system cost because components such as the charge controller, batteries and associated switch gear can be eliminated. Increased total energy capture combined with a reduction of balance of system components greatly reduces the installation and operating costs of a grid-tied wind system. Features: 

Certified to the new UL 1741 / IEEE 1547



5-year limited warranty standard Comprehensive SMA communications and data collection options Rugged stainless steel enclosure Exceptional reliability and energy capture ratio Easy to install three-point mounting system Modular design is easily expandable

    

27

Specifications Input Data (DC)

Windy Boy 700U (75 V to 150 V)

Windy Boy 700U (100 V to 200 V)

Windy Boy 700U (125 V to 250 V)

Windy Boy 3000US

Max. Recommended DC Input Power:

510 W

670 W

780 W

3200 W

Max. DC Voltage

150 V

200 V

250 V

500 V

75 V – 150 V

100 V – 200 V

125 V – 250 V

180 – 500 V @ 208 V 200 – 500 V @ 240 V

Peak Power Tracking Voltage: DC Max. Input Current:

7A

17 A

DC Voltage Ripple:

< 10%

Number of Fused String Inputs: DC Start Voltage (adjustable):

2

4

95 V

125 V

150 V

228 V

AC Nominal Power:

460 W

600 W

700 W

3000 W

AC Maximum Output Power:

460 W

600 W

700 W

3050 W

AC Maximum Output Current:

4.4 A

5.7 A

6.6 A

15 A

Output Data (AC)

AC Nominal Voltage / Range:

AC Frequency / Range:

106 V – 132 V

183 – 229 V @ 208 V 211 – 264 V @ 240 V

60 Hz / 59.3 – 60.5 Hz

Power Factor:

1

Efficiency Peak Inverter Efficiency:

93.6%

96.6%

CEC Weighted Efficiency:

91.5%

95.0/95.5% (208/240 V)

12.6 x 12.7 x 7.1

17.8 x 13.8 x 9.3

51 lbs / 57 lbs

84 lbs / 97 lbs

Mechanical Data Dimensions W x H x D (in.): Weight / Shipping Weight:

–13 to +113°F

Ambient Temperature Range: Power Consumption (standby):

< 4 W (0.1 W)

< 7 W (0.1 W)

Topology:

PWM, true sine wave, current source

Cooling Concept:

Convection

Mounting Location In-/ Outdoor (NEMA 3R):

Convection, regulated fan cooling

Included/Included

Features LCD Display:

Included

Lid Color: Red/Aluminum:

Included/Optional

Communication: RS485 / Wireless:

Optional/Optional

Warranty: 5-year / 10-year:

Included/Optional

Compliance: IEEE-929, IEEE-1547, L 1741, UL 1998, FCC Part 15 A & B:

Included

28

Some loads such as motors, refrigerators; etc. can use two or three times more power when they start up than is required when they are up and running. Inverters can deliver significantly more power for 2 or 3 seconds, when these loads start up. How much more power it can deliver, briefly, over and above it’s continuous output rating, is the inverters surge capacity rating. Inverters come in various sizes, from small ones that plug into your vehicle’s cigarette lighter and have a single outlet, all the way up to 11,000-watt inverters that will power your complete house. Large inverters are generally hard-wired into your house’s electrical system. The size of inverter you need is dependent on the loads you wish to power. Add the wattage of the specific items you will be running simultaneously. Allow for at least a 15% inefficiency factor. (Multiply your total AC wattage by 1.15) This will be the minimum continuous wattage you will need. Also, look at the potential surge wattage of specific appliances to see what minimum surge wattage will be required. To be on the safe side, it is always better to have an inverter that is a bit larger than your anticipated needs. Remember that the limitations of the inverter are largely charging system limitations. All the power your inverter delivers comes from your batteries via the charging system. A large enough inverter will convert any amount of DC power to AC power. You can easily run any size AC load with an inverter. Just remember that the DC power that is being used must be replaced through your charging system. There are some loads that are just not very efficient to run on AC power in a solar electric system. Most inverters are 120 volts AC, but 240-volt AC inverters are available if you wish to run loads that require this. There are also step-up transformers available that attach to your 120-volt inverter that allow you to produce 240 volts AC, if necessary. In some cases, you can also "stack" two similar 120-volt inverters together to provide 240 volts.

29

Utility-Intertie Inverter

s

In the case of a utility-tie PV system the utility provider is used as a power back-up. When the sun creates sufficient power your electricity is supplied by the PV array or wind generator. If the alternate energy source generates more power then is consumed the excess energy can be sold back to the utility. The net-metering result is measured on the meter. Conversely, if the PV array or wind generator does not provide enough power then the inverter switched to the utility energy. This is one of the best options because battery packs do not have to be disposed of, maintained or replaced.

Multi-Function Inverters

s

The multi-function inverters allow you the net-metering option combined with the use of a battery pack. A typical installation involves the inverter connected to a battery pack, utility provider and the house electrical system. If the utility fails, the inverter will switch the power to the back-up battery pack. When the power is restored and the batteries are re-charged then excess power can be sold or net metered back to the grid.

Sunny Boy Grid Tie Inverter, 2100W, 208VAC with LCD display

Note that stand-alone inverters require very a very high current from a battery to operate large loads. As much as 200 amps can be drawn in a 12v system with a 2000w inverter at full capacity. Have a certified electrician install the electrical components.

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Figure 1.0 courtesy of Xantrex Technology Inc.

The energy generated by the wind turbine is converted from AC to DC by the controller. The power is stored in the battery pack and monitored to ensure against over and under-charging by the controller. The Xantrex SW Inverter/Charger is a popular off-grid power system. It is available in 24- and 48-volt models, it provides utility-grade output power and offers high surge capacity to run most household appliances.

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Figure 1.1 courtesy of Xantrex Technology Inc.

To avoid battery storage, maintenance and disposal the Xantrex grid-tie inverter changes the power from AC to DC. When the household energy use is high, the inverter uses the solar power. At low-peak usage times, the energy can be sold back to the utility company if a net-metering program is available.

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Battery Power

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Battery type and capacity is a very important aspect in home power systems. The storage battery bank must have enough storage capacity to meet your power needs between charging cycles. In order to ensure that you have sufficient capacity a good rule is to double the power that would be consumed in a standard day. Home power (deep cycle) batteries are generally measured in "amp-hour" capacity. One amp-hour is equal to one amp of power drawn for one hour of time. Amp-hour capacity is generally given as the "20 hour rate" of the battery. Therefore, the number given as the amp-hour capacity for a deep cycle battery will be the number of amphours the battery can deliver over a 20 hour period at a constant draw. A 105 amp-hour battery can deliver 5.25 amps constantly over a 20 hour period before its voltage drops below 10.5 volts, at which point the battery is discharged. Lead Acid Automotive Batteries Automotive batteries are designed to deliver a relatively high amount of current in a short period of time, but should never be heavily discharged. Because home power systems require repeated deep discharges of stored power, automotive batteries are largely useless for these applications. Lead Acid Deep Cycle Batteries Deep cycle batteries are designed to have a large amount of their stored current discharged between charging sessions, with very heavy non-porous battery plates to withstand repeated major discharging and charging cycles (deep cycles). They are not capable of delivering sudden surges of power needed from automotive batteries but can be used for alternate energy power storage.

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Gelled Electrolyte Gelled batteries, or "Gel Cells" contain acid that has been "gelled" by the addition of Silica Gel which changes the acid into a solid mass that resembles hard Jell-O. The advantage of these batteries is that it is impossible to spill acid even if they are broken. The disadvantage is that they must be charged at a slower rate (C/20) to prevent excess gas from damaging the cells. However, this is generally not a problem with solar electric or wind power systems. The newer inverters commonly used in alternate energy systems can be set to limit charging current to the batteries. Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) A newer type of sealed battery uses "Absorbed Glass Mats", or AGM between the plates. These types of batteries act just like gelled, but are more durable. They are considered to be one of the best choices for storing alternate energy power. Innoair specifies the East Penn-Deka AGM and Gel batteries for renewable energy systems. East Penn Manufacturing makes thousands of different sizes and types of lead-acid batteries, battery accessories, and wire & cable products for virtually any application. Since 1946, we have developed an enviable reputation for world-class quality products made in our state-of-theart manufacturing facilities.

These facilities include our modern U. S. EPA permitted lead smelter and refinery and recycling center where we recycle virtually 100% of every used lead-acid battery returned to us.

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Wind/ Solar Power Generation Monitoring The GreenMeter™ measures the solar power and wind power generated in your renewable power system. The GreenMeter™ PC software provides up to the minute information on your greenhouse gas savings from your wind and/or solar power systems. Solar and wind power data from four power ports, including your batteries, is measured and logged both on the device and on your hard drive. Real-time accurate solar and wind data is transmitted and stored on your computer. Critical data on power, current and voltage is tracked for up to 10 years and stored on your hard drive. The optional Windows® software application presents this data in graphical format for you to use on a website or in a presentation.

The GreenMeter™ hardware has four DC ports. Typically used for battery, power to the inverter, and power from solar and/or wind renewable sources. Its 20kw power rating offers scalability for both wind and solar sources to be used simultaneously in a hybrid power system. The optional AC sensors measure power coming into your home, and communicates your usage to your desktop. The systems architecture allows you to measure and compare the performance of renewable sources from different manufacturers.

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Through Ethernet connectivity, the GreenMeter™ PC software provides remote surveillance on your systems performance both in terms of data capture and in alarm indication. Low battery voltage alarms or high voltage thresholds are user settable, and when thresholds are crossed, the user gets an audible alarm on the device, an alarm on the LCD display, and an alarm on your desktop. The GreenMeter™ can operate as a stand-alone unit in your system or by purchasing the optional Windows® based software program, you can get additional Desktop functionality and up to 10 years of data logging.

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Applications 

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Residential (on-grid or off-grid) hybrid power systems o Solar o Small Wind Wireless o Cellular towers, mobile base stations(SNMP network management compatible) o Wifi access points Security o Remote security camera systems(IP enabled communications) o Border security

Features                 

Monitors multiple wind turbines* Monitors multiple solar arrays* Monitors hybrid solar and wind systems Monitor battery voltage with threshold setting Routes power from your power sources to your batteries Grid power usage meter** Network interface (Ethernet, TCP/IP, RJ-45) Standard LCD display with keypad Positive DC BUS tie for 12-48Vdc systems Power bus architecture saves time and money on installation Safety alarms (Audio/Visual) Easy to install on new or existing systems On board memory for data logging without a computer up to a year AC Grid Tie Monitor** 2 x AC Sensor Inputs** C Bus Max Current 500 Amps (250 Amps Max on one DC input) Size: 8” x 8” x 5”

* Depending on configuration, multiple sources can be monitored (e.g. Two wind turbines, Battery Bank, and Inverter). **Optional sensor sold separately.

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Contact Information Corporate: 1553 West 75th Ave., Vancouver, BC V6P 6Z7 Canada Ph: + 1-604-874-5325 1-800-971-5922 Fax: +1-604-874-5326

Toronto: 230 Merton St., Toronto, ON M4S 1A1 Ph: +1-416-534-5251 Fax: +1-416534-8679

México City: Bosques de Duraznos 75 Desp. 1105 Col. Bosques de las Lomas Del. Miguel Hidalgo México D.F. c.p. 11700 Ph: +52-55-52-457-534 Fax: +52-55-52-457-119

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