HTML HTML => “HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE” HTML was first proposed in 1989.It took shape as a subset of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup language), which is a higher-level markup language. It describes formatting and hypertext links, and it defines different components of a document. HTML isn’t a programming language, but a markup language. The most basic element of any HTML page is ASCII text –generated in a text editor and saved as a text file and to have it be displayed in the browser. The World Wide Web is composed of millions of web pages, each of which is served to a browser one page at a time. A web page is a generally a single HTML document, which might include text, graphics, sound files, and hypertext links. Each HTML document you create is a single web page. HTML document names most often end with the extension .html or .htm. You might also see .ctm , .asp, .shtml, or several others. An organizational chart for a basic corporate Web site (collection of web pages).

URLS (Uniform Resource Locators) The World Wide Web also has its own addressing scheme, but it’s slightly more advanced than the schemes of its predecessors. Not only is the Web newer, but its addresses have to be more sophisticated because of the Web’s unique ability to access all the different Internet Services. URLS are these special addresses. Web page authors should be familiar with the addressing schemes found on the Internet because you will be incorporating those addresses in your pages when you create links to other documents. A URL follows a format like this Protocol:// host .domain .first .level domain/path/filename.ext (or) Protocol: host .domain .first .level domain An example of a URL to access a web document would be.

http: // www.microsoft.com /windows/default.asp. Possible Protocols for a URL Protocol

What it Accesses

http ://

HTML documents

https://

Some “secure” HTML documents

file://

HTML documents on your hard drive

ftp://

FTP sites and files

news://

Usenet newsgroups on a particular news server.

Mail to:

Email messages

telnet:

Direct connection from your computer to the server using a “shell” account

Header level one is the largest for headlines or page titles

level two is a little smaller for major subheads

level three is again smaller, for minor subheads

level four

level five

level six

. . . . .

HTML physical container tags TAGS

MEANING

Content Content Content

Bold text Italic text Underlined text

Some basic logical HTML tags TAGS

MEANING

Generally rendered as

<EM>Content <Strong>Content Content

Emphasis Strong emphasis Teletype

Italic text Bold text Mono spaced text

HTML Tags for computer programming Tags

Meaning

Generally rendered as

.. .. <Samp>.. ..

Programming lines Keyboard text Sample output Variable

Mono spaced(like) Mono spaced Mono spaced Italic

HTML Publisher style tags Tags

Meaning

Generally rendered as

…

Bibliographical citation

Italic text

…

Block of quoted text

Indented text

…

Term definition

Regular text

…

Street or e-mail address

Italic text