Newhailes Stables Education Room

Newhailes Estate Stables floor replacement in STG 01 and STG 15 January 2009

Carried out on behalf of The National Trust for Scotland

Buildings Archaeologist and Heritage Consultant TRAPRAIN HOUSE LUGGATE BURN WHITTINGEHAME EAST LOTHIAN EH41 4QA

T : 01620 861643

E : [email protected]

Table of Contents

1.0

SUMMARY

2

2.0

INTRODUCTION

3

3.0

OBJECTIVES

5

4.0

METHODOLOGY

5

5.0

RESULTS

7

5.1 5.2 5.3

6.0

Fieldwork The Rooms Artefacts

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1: Location plan. Figure 2: Location of Rooms and related structures Figure 3: Room STG01 – pre removal of slabs Figure 4: Room STG01 – post removal of slabs with brick structure Figure 5: Room STG15 – post removal of slabs and cobbled surface Appendix 1: Context List Appendix 2: Photo List Appendix 3: Artefact List Appendix 4: Stratigraphic matrix References

DES Entry Photo Thumbnails

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Newhailes House Estate, Stables Education Room, December 2008

North Sea

Inverness Aberdeen

Glasgow

Edinburgh

100 km

Newhailes House

Area of investigation

Stables

0

50m

This map is based on an Ordnance Survey digital map reproduced with the permission of HM Stationery Office © Crown Copyright NTS licence No. 100023880.

Figure 1:

Location Plan

Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

1.0

SUMMARY

1.1

An archaeological watching brief was required due to remedial work required on the stone slab floors of the Education Room (STG01) and Fruit Store (STG15) at Newhailes House Stables, Musselburgh (The room numbering is based on the site survey by LDN Architects in April 2008 Job number 0762 and follows the agreed room numbering system from the 1999 architectural survey). The site is located within the old stables block (north corner). The work consisted of a periodic watching brief with photographic recording and excavation to investigate any features that were exposed as part of the project and record the floor within the Education Room itself. These works were commissioned by Robin Turner, Head of Archaeology, The National Trust for Scotland. The work was undertaken in December 2008 and was restricted to the areas exposed by the contractor as part of the works on the floor.

1.2

The work will enable the continued understanding and investigation of the Newhailes Stables, including the evolution of the structure and previous building within the area.

1.3

Further work would entail further investigation of the of the brick structure [127] which lay in STG01 at the southwest end of the room and its function as part of the laundry phase. Room STG15 provided evidence both of an earlier structure, with the walls [206] and [210] contemporary with the early cobbled surface [203], and of the later works, including the insertion of the large stone culvert, uncovered in the previous excavation in the courtyard (Newhailes Estate Stables Courtyard Drains, May 2008, NTS). This provides valuable evidence for further study of the form and function of the possible farm/early stable and later subdivisions within the building.

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

2.0 2.1

INTRODUCTION Site location The site is located within the northeast half of the stables block at NT 332570 672410 (Fig. 1).

2.2

Site History The detailed and complex history of the Newhailes Estate has been covered in several prior reports. In brief, the Estate of Whitehill is of late 17th-century origin though the majority of the designed landscape dates to the 18th century. The current stable block dates to the early 19th century and was preceded by an earlier range of structures – including the building under consideration, which probably dates from the 18th century. One of the least understood elements of the Newhailes Estate as a whole is its system of water management, of which the exposed drains form part. Bauchop’s estate plan of 1798 (Fig. 4) was used to underlay the current stables plan in order to correlate any features uncovered during the investigation. It became clear that the wall uncovered in trench 2 [206] formed part of this earlier range of buildings. There has been no prior archaeological investigation within this area, however, Addyman and Kay had carried out extensive recording work within the area in 2000 and 2001 (summary reports, unpublished). Investigation within room 101 clearly showed what was to be expected during this current phase of works, with the earlier cobbled surface cut through by a later stone capped drainage system of late 18th or early 19th-century date, relating to the present stables buildings.

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Newhailes House Estate, Stables Education Room, December 2008

brick drain wooden pipe from pond stone drain

line of stone drain

STG 15

stone drain recorded in January 2008 STG 01 cobbled courtyard

10 m

Figure 2:

Stables plan showing the two investigated rooms with previously located drain lines

Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

3.0

OBJECTIVES

3.1

The main objective was to record any archaeology and stratigraphy that was uncovered during the remedial works on the flooring and insertion of a damp-proof layer.

4.0

METHODOLOGY

4.1

The contractor co-ordinated the work to ensure that the archaeology was exposed, recorded and photographed prior to any further removal of archaeological deposits. The affected rooms were recorded photographically prior to the removal of the slabs, after which the sand bedding was removed by the contractors until archaeological deposits were encountered. In the case of room STG01 this was only in the southwest of the room, with the discovery of lead piping/pipe trench and the brick structure associated with the laundry phase, and in STG15, until the cobbled surface was exposed, and the major drain cut which bisected the room. Each archaeological feature was recorded using a context system and a photographic survey of each trench was carried out to produce a photogrammetric plan.

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Newhailes House Estate, Stables Education Room, December 2008

105

106

slabs

101 118

120

107

STG 01

108

113 114

109 103 110

117

111

relaid slabs

119

102

116 130

112 115

104

handmade brick

cement repair

Figure 3:

1m Ground plan showing slab floor prior to lifting.

Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

5.0

RESULTS

5.1

Fieldwork The work was undertaken over a number of half day watching briefs during December 2008. As the entire work took place within the building itself, under lighting, the conditions were not an issue for the visibility and recording of features. As the slabs lay directly on beds of sand, excavation was easy, and the depth required for the damp proofing was 300mm, providing a suitable terminus for investigation, though sondages were sunk to a depth of 430mm to access underlying archaeology. Each room was assigned separate context numbers with the Education room (STG01) starting at 101 and the smaller Fruit store (STG15) from 201. The various datasets from the investigation are presented in the appendix section; Context list (Appendix 1), Photographic list (Appendix 2), Finds register (Appendix 3) Stratagraphic Matrix (Appendix 4).

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Newhailes House Estate, Stables Education Room, December 2008

sondage

mixed deposit 123

STG 01 sand

122

cut

121

brick structure

127 124 pipe

126 129

cut

ash 128

pipe

121

pipe 125

127

104

handmade brick

lead pipe

1m Figure 4:

after removal of slabs and excavations

Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

5.2

The Rooms (Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5)

5.2.1

Room STG01 (Figs. 2 & 3) was a total length of 8.03m x 4.86m wide. The depth of the excavation was dependant on the requirement for the damp proofing which was set at 300mm beneath the existing floor surfaces. The sandstone slab floor was clearly divided into two distinct areas; The ‘original’ laid slabs [101] which were set in a linear / staggered format, across the room; the much altered and broken southwest end [102], which although consisting of similar material (grey sandstone) was irregularly set. The average thickness of the slabs was 70-85 mm. Part of the later repairs were in brick such as the infill [103] designed to complete a row of slabs, while others were of cement, [116], [118] and [130] and dated relatively recently. The state of the floor a the southwest end of the room, was severely deflated and uneven, suggesting that not only had the slabs been lifted and relaid, but significant alteration to the underlying bedding had taken place, causing subsidence. The two fireplaces related to the current floor level, with hearths created using re-used bricks; the southwest fireplace [104] with a diagonal arrangement, and the northeast fireplace [106] a double row. The cupboard recess, which until recently had been utilised to contain a ‘Belfast’ sink, was also floored with reused bricks [105]. The main recognisable feature in the south corner and corresponding with the known use as a laundry was a series of sloping channels cut into the slabs (including those that have been relaid) [107]-[112] which joined to a channel [113] that ran along the southeast wall to a drain outlet [117]. Examination of the drain showed it had been blocked. Square sockets in the floor [114] and [115] may represent fittings for the laundry sinks, however [115] may have carried a lead water pipe [125] – see below. Traces of mortar [119] were evident in a regular pattern around the fireplace, which seemed to represent a brick structure built against the fireplace [104]. A final discovery was noted after plaster was removed from the walls around the central window on the southeast wall, where clear signs of blocking were recognised [120], this was confirmed as a blocked door with one of the slabs in the original flooring [101] continued beneath the blocking. After removal of the slabs, the bedding was shown to be a fine yellow sand [122], which reached a depth of 430mm. This was investigated beyond the required 300mm in a central sondage, that showed a further archaeological deposit consisting of coarse mortar rubble and brick, mixed with a soil matrix [123]. Barely 20mm beneath the slabs at the southwest end, a brick feature began to appear, constructed of reused 18th-century bricks set in a hard cream mortar and corresponding in extent to the mortar traces found on the upper slabs [119]. The structure [127] formed a box around a central rectangular pit that was filled with charcoal and ash [128] that will represent the firepit and standing for a laundry copper. The feature had been truncated by cut [121] which carried two lead pipes [125] and [126] (1.5” and 2” in diameter respectively). The pipes led in from the door in the west corner with pipe [125] turning to the south corner, and terminating in a cut end beneath

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

feature [115] in the slab floor above and pipe [126 continuing across the room and through the southeast wall into the courtyard. A further large bore 4” pipe [129] was uncovered 500mm to the southwest of the blocked drain [124] which had been cut level with the southeast wall face. The blocked drain [124], may have been a brick structure of similar date to [127], but had been damaged during the insertion of the pipe trench [121]. 5.2.2

(Fig. 4) Room STG15, measures 3.14m wide and 3.72 long, and is situated in the return angle of the north corner of the stables, with a single entrance from the exterior. The slab floor [201] was in a poor state, and the grey sandstone was water damaged and broken, with an average thickness of up to 70mm. Beneath the slabs was a yellow sand bedding [202] 270-300mm thick with a number of 19th-century artefacts. The sand bedding itself was sitting directly onto a layer of well bedded cobbles [203] of various sizes, which had edging cobbles set parallel to the northwest and northeast walls ([210] and [206]), while extending beyond the southwest and southeast walls ([209] and [207]) confirming the later internal partitioning of this part of the stables. Foundations [208] for internal wall [207] extended from the base of the wall by up to 200mm but narrowed towards the centre. The cobbled surface had been cut [204] by a wide linear feature (the trench for a culvert), and this had been refilled with sand [211], and as well as water worn cobbles, mortar debris and brick fragments. The fireplace [205] was also set at a level represented by the slabs, while sitting 270mm above the cobble surface. The cut 204 was excavated further to a depth of 430mm, where a mixed clay and soil layer was uncovered, similar to a deposit previous recognised in the courtyard trench, covering the stone culverted drain. The line of this cut matched exactly the line expected and it is clear the drain has been inserted through the cobbles prior to the erection of the partition walls. Both wall [207] and wall [209] were constructed of rubble and brickwork, though fine sandstone ashlar had been used as the quoins for the corner in the south of the room.

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Newhailes House Estate, Stables Education Room, December 2008

Wall 205

206

Wall

203

line of culvert drain

207

mixed sand 211

founds

cut

212

208

204

STG 15 Wall 210

203

Wall 209 Opening cut through wall

STG 01

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Figure 5:

Plan of room STG 015 after slabs removed (see photograph for layout prior to lifting)

Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

5.3

Artefacts

5.3.1

Very few artefacts were recovered during the watching brief. All the artefacts were recovered from the layer immediately below the badly laid floor in STG15, within the sand bedding layer [202] - all seem to represent a date no earlier than the early-mid 19th-century. Of interest is the door strap hinge, and a large chisel-headed implement.

6.0

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The programme of evaluation has shown the existence of a number of broadly datable events within the two rooms investigated. Room STG01 was clearly a room with a slab floor [101] with a door [120] placed centrally in the southeast wall, and fireplaces set in each ‘gabled’ wall. The depth of sand and underlying mortar rubble may represent a primary phase of construction for this area. It is likely that the door in the west corner was original to the structure. The later alteration of the room no earlier than the 19th-century (as evidenced by the reused 18th-century bricks) as a laundry is shown by the channels cut into the slabs, that would have serviced a series of sinks. The fact that the channels are also cut into the relaid slabs [102] shows that the brick structure [127] was constructed prior to this activity, and may indeed be concurrent with this activity. The theory is strongly supported by similar structures; this would be where water was boiled in a large copper, and hence the signs of a structure built against the fireplace [104] that is seen as traces of mortar on the floor [119]. A drainage outlet is created at this time [124] and perhaps replaced later with the large lead 3” pipe [129], that led out to the stone culvert previously excavated in the courtyard. The floor slabs [102] showed the evidence of another phase of lifting and relaying, with the cut [121] which truncates and essentially destroys the brick structure [127], with the remains of the last fire (charcoal [128] lying in situ in the fire ash pit. The cut took two lead pipes, which may be relatively dated into the 20th century, though it seems likely that the room remained as a laundry until recently: when the room was initially recorded after the estate was taken into the care of the National Trust for Scotland, the sinks were still in situ, and a hand cranked mangle was fixed in position in the centre of the room. (Paul Chandler pers. comm.). The door that leads from the east corner, can be seen to be an insert, due to the step up to a different level, and the probability of a further cupboard recess being there previously. A new door would have been necessitated by the blocking of the central door [120]. It is therefore likely this room contains elements from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, relating to a primary use as a living space with fireplaces, then a laundry with a large copper at the southwest end, and finally as a more ‘modern’ laundry, with another source of heating water.

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Room STG15 gives a clear phasing of structural alterations to the building. The removed slabs [201] respected the smaller arrangement of a room that had been created by the insertion of two rubble and brick internal walls ([207] & [210]. During this later phase (which must have been in the mid-19th century – evidenced by the artefacts recovered from beneath the floor) a small fireplace was inserted, some 300mm above the previous cobbled surface [203]. This surface had been cut through by a large trench [204], which followed directly the projected line of the stone culvert previously uncovered in the courtyard. The cobbles themselves were comparable with those used for an internal space that would be used for animals, and are only a corner of the full original room size. The cobbles respected the northwest and northeast walls, which would suggest that these were part of the earliest constructions on the site. The cobble surface was also at the same level of the slab floor in STG 01. It is likely that Room STG15 once covered the width of the building and was bounded to the southwest by the dividing wall to STG01. Further work within the stable block will clearly require archaeological presence, as this investigation has shown that significant archaeological remains are preserved at a depth of c. 300mm – though in the case of the brick structure, this was only a matter of 20mm, and indeed even the current floor surfaces and walls have hidden features that will continue to inform the development history of the site. Recommendations for further study would include a continuing examination of the culvert system and a more systematic investigation of the earlier foundations of the stables block.

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Appendix 1 Context Register Context List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Context 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127

128 129 130 201 202

Description Room STG01 Well laid fine grained grey sandstone slabs (c. 50-70mm thick) Mixed relaid slabs in no discernible pattern (south west end of room STG01 10 18th-century handmade bricks relaid against northwest wall (220mm x 58mm x 92mm) Fireplace in southwest wall, with brick hearth Cupboard recess in north corner, with relaid brick flooring Fireplace in northeast wall, with brick hearth Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor (sloping to southeast and linear channel 113) evidence of laundry Drain channel in slab floor along south east wall, sloping to southwest and outlet drain Fixing slots in slab floor associated with ‘sinks’ and the laundry. Fixing slots in slab floor associated with ‘sinks’ and the laundry. (may have connected to lead pipe 125) Cement ‘repair’ in south corner, overlying drain channels 111,112 and 113 Steel drain cover over decommissioned drain for laundry channels. (see 124) Cement repair in original slab floor Traces of mortar base for feature built against fireplace 104 (see also brick structure 127) Original blocked doorway into room, from courtyard, with slab extending beneath blocking in the present window. (predating laundry phase. Later cut through brick feature 127 taking two lead pipes from door in west corner across the room Deep sand deposit (c. 320mm thick) forming base layer for slabs Mixed deposit of brick frags, large mortar fragments and silty clay soil matrix, beneath sand 122, representing rough construction/demolition prior to current slab floor Rubble and brick remains of drain in southeast wall, leading to culvert drain in courtyard. 1.5” lead pipe (leads to beneath feature 115 in slab floor. 2” lead pipe crosses room and extends into courtyard. Remains of truncated brick structure (bricks are reused 220mm x 58mm x 92mm) and form a sub floor structure related to the feature noted as trace mortar 119 – forms part of laundry structure for heating water (supporting coppers?) Ash fill within brick feature 127 – truncated by cut 121 Large diameter 4” lead pipe, cut level with wall (in south east corner) which would have drained water into main culvert drain, after blocking of drain 124 Cement Repair Room STG15 Badly damaged and relaid grey sandstone slabs (c. 50-70mm thick) Sand makeup layer for slabs (up to 250mm thick)

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Context List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Context Description 203 Water worn cobble surface respecting walls 206 and 210 and extending beyond current room to the southwest and northeast 204 Large cut c. 1.5 metres wide, bisecting room (relating to construction of stone culvert (in late 18th century) 205 Fireplace relating to higher slab floor, set into wall 206 206 Original wall of structure, respected by cobbles 203 207 Later brick and rubble wall 208 Foundations for wall 207 209 Later wall of brick and rubble, sitting directly over cobbles 203 210 Original wall respected by cobbles 203 211 Mixed deposit of sand, and cobbles (infill of cut 204) (c. 200mm deep) 212 Mixed clay/mortar/brick fragments which correlated to similar deposits overlying stone culvert excavated in courtyard. (found at depth of 430mm beneath the slab floor surface)

Appendix 2 Photo Register (Digital) Photo Record List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Photo ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Site Description Code NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to

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Direction Date from Vertical Dec 2008 Vertical

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Photo Record List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Photo ID 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

38 39 40

Site Code

Description

lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of slab floor prior to lifting in Room SRG01 NES08 General view of Room STG01 prior to lifting of slabs NES08 General view of Room STG01 prior to lifting of slabs NES08 Detail of relaid slabs [102] with mortar ‘scar’ [119] relating to a structure integrated with fireplace [104] and cement repair [113] NES08 General working shot NES08 General working shot NES08 Interior of Room STG15 after slabs removed, with ‘slap-though’ already cut through wall [209] showing cobbled surface [203] and cut

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Photo Record List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Photo ID 41 42

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Site Code

Description

[204] NES08 Interior of Room STG15 showing cobbled surface [203] and cut [204] and fireplace [205] NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Part of photo mosaic of cobbled surface after slabs[201] lifted and sand [202] removed in Room SRG15 NES08 Northeast corner of STG15, with relationship between cobbles [203], wall [206], foundations [208] supporting inserted wall [207] NES08 Vertical section showing depth of sand and slabs overlaying cobbles [203] NES08 Section in sondage showing makeup beneath

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Photo Record List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Photo ID 59 60 61 62 63 64 65

66 67 68

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Direction from

Description

cobbles [203] NES08 Brick feature [127] exposed in Room STG01, at southwest end. NES08 Brick feature [127] exposed in Room STG01, at southwest end. NES08 Brick feature [127] exposed in Room STG01, at southwest end. NES08 Brick feature [127] exposed in Room STG01, at southwest end. NES08 Termination of pipes [126] and [127] and pipe 129 truncated through wall in centre. NES08 Detail of rubble [124] beside pipe [126] NES08 Brick feature [127] exposed in Room STG01, at southwest end. NES08 Detail showing pipes cutting Brick feature [127] and ash fill[128] NES08 View of fully exposed Brick feature [127] and ash pit [128] NES08 View of fully exposed Brick feature [127] and ash pit [128] with cut [121] containing pipes [125] and [126]

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Appendix 3 Artefact List Artefact Record List – Newhailes Estate Stables Education Room NES08 Room Context STG15 [202] 1 Fe door strap hinge

Description

1 Fe Chisel ( 53cm long – 1” diameter/2.54cm) 3 Glass bottle bases (2 wine bottle – 1 basket pattern clear/opaque ) 1 Clear glass drinking glass 3 Glass bottle fragments 2 conjoining sherds of a large stoneware vessel – base (oval shape) 1 Sherd of small stoneware flask 2 rim sherds of painted plate (decorated with deep blue around the rim and border with gold decoration and handpainted flowers and leaves)

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Appendix 4 Stratigraphic Matrix

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

References Maps: 1st Ed Ordnance Survey Map 1853 Beachop 1798 Newhailes Estate Plan General Roy Military Map, surveyed 1750-55 Reports: Addyman, T. 2001. ‘Summary of archaeological works at Newhailes’ (unpubl. Report) Addyman, T. 2002. ‘Summary of archaeological works at Newhailes’, (unpubl. Report) Connolly, D. 2008 ‘Investigation of culvert drain, Newhailes Stables courtyard’, (unpubl. Report)

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Newhailes Estate Stables STG 01 and 15 Floor replacement

Discovery and Excavation Scotland LOCAL AUTHORITY: East Lothian Site Name: Newhailes Stables Education Room Parish: Inveresk Name of Contributor(s): David Connolly (Connolly Heritage Consultancy) Type of Site or Find: 18th-19th-century Stables and Drains NGR (2 letters, 6 or 8 figures): NT 332570 672410 Report: An archaeological watching brief was carried out during remedial work on the flooring of rooms STG01 and STG15 in Newhailes Stables. The Room STG01 was shown to have been original, with a later series of channels and structures associated with a laundry, and a later insertion of lead water pipes. Damage and subsidence to the southwest end of the room can be related to this activity. The room STG15 provided evidence for the insertion of later internal walls, prior to the laying of a slab floor, which overlaid a cobbled surface for an earlier internal room, probably associated with animals. Cutting through this cobbling was a trench related to the building of a stone culvert, that had previously been examined in the courtyard of the stable block. Any further works in this area will require archaeological supervision Sponsor(s): HS, Society, Institution, Developer, etc. (where appropriate): The National Trust for Scotland Address(es) of Main Contributor(s): Connolly Heritage Consultancy Traprain House Luggate Burn Whittingehame East Lothian EH41 4QA

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