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CONSTRUCTION •

Construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure.

It includes:• • •

Design & execution Successful scheduling, budgeting, site safety, availability of materials, logistics.

Pollution by construction  The construction industry is a major source of pollution, responsible

for around 4% of particulate emissions.

 The main areas of concern are: air, water and noise pollution:-

Air Pollution: Construction activities contribute to air pollution  Health problems  Noxious vapours and other hazardous chemicals that are

widely used also contribute to air pollution.

Pollution by construction  Water Pollution:- Sources of water pollution from

building sites include: diesel and oil; paint, solvents, cleaners and other harmful chemicals  When these substances get into waterways they poison aquatic life.  Silt and soil that runs into natural waterways turns them turbid, which restricts sunlight filtration and destroys aquatic life.

Pollution by construction  Noise Pollution: Construction sites produce a lot of noise.  Excessive noise leads to various health problems like

stress, insomnia , hearing loss, high blood pressure etc .  High noise levels disturb the life-cycles of animals and plants.

Land pollution  The construction industry is responsible for producing over 36

million tonnes of landfill waste every year.  A whole range of waste materials are produced throughout the build project.

Effects of Pollution by construction  It indirectly affects the respiratory system of human beings.  Causes for birth defects.  Land pollution has serious effect

on wildlife.  Land pollution often disrupts the balance of Nature.

Control methods for land pollution

Using standard sizes for building components (windows, doors etc.) can prevent future waste, as can designing for deconstruction, using recyclable components

Controlling pollution Some of the steps taken to control pollution caused by construction are: Controlling dust.  Screening the whole site to stop dust spreading.  Covering piles and locating them.  Using non-toxic paints, solvents and other hazardous materials

wherever possible

 Segregating , covering and monitoring toxic substances  Covering up all drains on site .

 Dispose of remaining sludge according to environmental regulations.  Using low sulphur diesel oil.  Reducing noise pollution through careful handling of materials.

Land conservation  Land reclamation:- It refers the

creation of new land where there was once water. Land reclamation is often done in these sites to allow for some form of human use.

 Deconstruction :- In the context of

physical construction, deconstruction is the selective dismantlement of building components, specifically for reuse, recycling, and waste management.

Land conservation  Urban reclamation:-. The

space is likely to have been used before, and may consist of derelict or abandoned buildings, waste ground, or part-used space.

 Underground construction :-

It refers specifically to structures that have been built underground, either partially or completely.

Land conservation Brownfield sites:- A brownfield site is defined as "previously developed land “that has the potential for being redeveloped.”



Land conservation  Changes in architectural designs:- It involves changing the

designs of buildings so that they occupy less land space. E.g. horizontal skyscrapers.

Some more Designs to save Land

Our vision (Remember Jetsons)

Land conservation  Constructions on water:- It refers to structures built on water.

Water can be used as non-solid ground for a large variety of building types. Floating urban development offers a solution to problems of lack of space in low-lying areas.

Group members: Pranav (leader)

Roll- 24

Presenters: 3) Simran Roll- 49 4) Divya Roll-33 5) Andrews Roll- 04 Vivas:1)Rahil Roll-41 2)Saurabh Roll-12 3)Sameena Roll-21