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NETWORK CONNECTING FIVE WOKSTATIONS IN A LAN. 10/21/2008
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MAURITIUS. KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
NETWORK
NETWORK NETWORKING OVERVIEW
Networks typically connect both computers and peripherals together. USB and IEEE 1394 are designed to connect peripherals to a single computer. Network is done to share resources, either for convenience or to save money.
LAN
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school, or an airport. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to wide-area networks (WANs), include their usually higher data-transfer rates, smaller geographic range, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines. Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair cabling, and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies currently.
HARDWARES KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 2
NETWORK
The hard wares required to set up a LAN are: Network interface card (NIC), A medium for transmitting data from one computer to another (A wire),
A switch.
NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)
A network interface card plugs into the expansion bus of a motherboard and provides several necessary networking features. A NIC provides: Only one address for the computer. This address is stored in ROM on the card, and is a unique code assigned by the manufacturer. A connection to the media or cable used for the network.
The processor and buffers required to send and receive packets of data over the network cable.
Ethernet card is an example of network interface cards (NICs). In the workstation each computer must have its own Ethernet card.
ETHERNET CARD
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 3
NETWORK Ethernet is a baseband network which mean that only one signal can be on the network at a time and that the signal takes up the entire bandwidth. In an Ethernet network, the NIC listen to the cable, checking to see if anyone else’s computer is talking. If no other computers are transmitting at that time, your card sends out a data transmission. As more terminals come online, each new card waits for a quiet moment before transmitting data. Ethernet cards may operate at different network speeds depending on the protocol standard they support. Old Ethernet cards were capable only of the 10 Mbps maximum speed offered by Ethernet originally. Modern Ethernet adapters all support the 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet standard and an increasing number now also offer Gigabit Ethernet support at 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps).
MEDIA KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 4
NETWORK
All networks communicate through a media. Examples of media are: Twisted pair cable, Fiber optic cable , Coaxial cable.
The media that we usually used in a LAN is TWISTED CABLE.
A standard RJ45 Ethernet connector
SWITCH KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 5
NETWORK
The switch plays an integral part in most Ethernet local area networks or LANs. A switch operates at the data-link layer of the OSI model to create a different collision domain per switch port. The five computers in the workstation (A/B/C/D/E) on five switch ports, then A and B can transfer data between them as well as C, D and E at the same time, and they will never interfere with each others' conversations.
Back view of network switch with Ethernet ports.
CONFIGURING THE COMPUTER KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 6
NETWORK
For configuring the computer:
Enter the control panel.
The following window will open:KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 7
NETWORK
Click on the properties button
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 8
NETWORK
Click on Internet protocol then click the properties button.
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 9
NETWORK
The following window will open:-
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 10
NETWORK
The subnet mask for the five computers is 255.255.255.0 and the default gateway is 192.1.1.1.
IP ADDRESS
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 11
NETWORK An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a numerical identification (logical address) that is assigned to devices participating in a computer network utilizing the Internet Protocol for communication between its nodes. In the original Internet routing scheme developed in the 1970s, sites were assigned addresses from one of three classes: Class A, Class B and Class C. The address classes differ in size and number. Class A addresses are the largest, but there are few of them. Classes Cs are the smallest, but they are numerous. Classes D and E are also defined, but not used in normal operation. We will be using class C IP address.
CLASS C
First three bits 110; 21 network bits; 8 host bits Initial byte: 192 - 223 2,097,152 Class Cs exist 254 hosts on each Class C
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 12
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MAURITIUS. KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
NETWORK
NETWORK NETWORKING OVERVIEW
Networks typically connect both computers and peripherals together. USB and IEEE 1394 are designed to connect peripherals to a single computer. Network is done to share resources, either for convenience or to save money.
LAN
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a small area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school, or an airport. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to wide-area networks (WANs), include their usually higher data-transfer rates, smaller geographic range, and lack of a need for leased telecommunication lines. Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair cabling, and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies currently.
HARDWARES KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 2
NETWORK
The hard wares required to set up a LAN are: Network interface card (NIC), A medium for transmitting data from one computer to another (A wire),
A switch.
NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC)
A network interface card plugs into the expansion bus of a motherboard and provides several necessary networking features. A NIC provides: Only one address for the computer. This address is stored in ROM on the card, and is a unique code assigned by the manufacturer. A connection to the media or cable used for the network.
The processor and buffers required to send and receive packets of data over the network cable.
Ethernet card is an example of network interface cards (NICs). In the workstation each computer must have its own Ethernet card.
ETHERNET CARD
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 3
NETWORK Ethernet is a baseband network which mean that only one signal can be on the network at a time and that the signal takes up the entire bandwidth. In an Ethernet network, the NIC listen to the cable, checking to see if anyone else’s computer is talking. If no other computers are transmitting at that time, your card sends out a data transmission. As more terminals come online, each new card waits for a quiet moment before transmitting data. Ethernet cards may operate at different network speeds depending on the protocol standard they support. Old Ethernet cards were capable only of the 10 Mbps maximum speed offered by Ethernet originally. Modern Ethernet adapters all support the 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet standard and an increasing number now also offer Gigabit Ethernet support at 1 Gbps (1000 Mbps).
MEDIA KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 4
NETWORK
All networks communicate through a media. Examples of media are: Twisted pair cable, Fiber optic cable , Coaxial cable.
The media that we usually used in a LAN is TWISTED CABLE.
A standard RJ45 Ethernet connector
SWITCH KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 5
NETWORK
The switch plays an integral part in most Ethernet local area networks or LANs. A switch operates at the data-link layer of the OSI model to create a different collision domain per switch port. The five computers in the workstation (A/B/C/D/E) on five switch ports, then A and B can transfer data between them as well as C, D and E at the same time, and they will never interfere with each others' conversations.
Back view of network switch with Ethernet ports.
CONFIGURING THE COMPUTER KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 6
NETWORK
For configuring the computer:
Enter the control panel.
The following window will open:KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 7
NETWORK
Click on the properties button
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 8
NETWORK
Click on Internet protocol then click the properties button.
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 9
NETWORK
The following window will open:-
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 10
NETWORK
The subnet mask for the five computers is 255.255.255.0 and the default gateway is 192.1.1.1.
IP ADDRESS
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 11
NETWORK An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a numerical identification (logical address) that is assigned to devices participating in a computer network utilizing the Internet Protocol for communication between its nodes. In the original Internet routing scheme developed in the 1970s, sites were assigned addresses from one of three classes: Class A, Class B and Class C. The address classes differ in size and number. Class A addresses are the largest, but there are few of them. Classes Cs are the smallest, but they are numerous. Classes D and E are also defined, but not used in normal operation. We will be using class C IP address.
CLASS C
First three bits 110; 21 network bits; 8 host bits Initial byte: 192 - 223 2,097,152 Class Cs exist 254 hosts on each Class C
KODABACCUS M. NAJIIB
Page 12
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