Ms Access

1 Institute of Management & Information Technology Data:- Collection of raw facts and figures are called data. Information:- Arranged form of data is called information. Data Base:- Collection of data related to specific topic or purpose is called data base. Example:School Data Base. Library Data Base. Order entry Data Base. Inventory control Data Base. Computerized book keeping system. is called Data Base. Organized collection of information is called Data Base. DBMS:- (Data Base Management System) It is software from which we can create store s retrieve and manage the data base. Example:Microsoft Access, Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Informix, etc. Access:- Access is a relational data base management system from which we can create stores retrieves manipulate and manage the data base. Objects use in Access:There are four objects use in Access which are given below. a. Table b. Query c. Form d. Report Table:- Data organized in rows and columns is called table, all the information of data base stores in table. Query:- It is a tool from which we can request or ask question from data base to provide information is called Query. Form:- It is an interface or front end of data base where we enter view and edit the in formations or records. Report:- The printed form of Table or Query is called report. It is used for analyzing or for decision making. We can create Table by three ways. 1. Create table by design view. 2. Create table by wizard. 3. Create table by entering data. How to create table by design view? i. Click on table. ii. Double click on create table by design view. iii. Write the field name. iv. Choose the data type. v. Close the table. vi. Click on yes. vii. Type the table name. viii. OK. Create table by wizard. i. Click on table. ii. Double click on create table by wizard.

2

Institute of Management & Information Technology iii. Choose the table. iv. Select the field by clicking(>>) Button. v. Next, Next again and Finish. Create table by entering data. i. Click on table. ii. Double click on create table by entering data. iii. Right click on field and choose rename. iv. Type the field name. v. Press Enter. vi. Close the table. vii. Click yes. viii. Type the table name. Field:- A single unite of information is called field. Example:- Name, Address, city, etc. Record:- The set of related data fields is called records. Data type:Text:- This data type accepts characters. If you will assign data type to any field, you will be able to write max 255 characters in that field. Assign text data type or name, f/name and address types of fields. If default, its capacity is 50 characters. You can increase that to 255 from field properties portion. Number:- This data types accepts numbers. You can choose any kind of number display from field properties portion. Date/Time:- Assign this data type to fields which will store date and time. As you know from pervious knowledge of excel, date and time are stored in special fashion like ‘Thursday 30-sep-04’ or ‘10/30/04’ or ‘sep-30-04’. These formats could be chosen from field properties portion. Also time shares the same logic. Many type of time display could be set from field properties portion of table design view. Memo:- This data type also accepts characters. You can add as many as 65,535 characters in this type of field. Auto number:- If you will assign AutoNumber data type to any field, it will not be under user’s control. Ms Access will automatically assign values in this field. If will go from 1 to infinite depends on records in a table. It is long integer by nature. Each time new record will go in the table, this field will increment by one. Yes/No:- This data type only accepts values in yes or no. on display, you will see a “check box” in table’s field. Either you can click in the check box for “right mark”, for yes and leave it empty for no value. Currency:- If you want to enter values in for currency calculations, assign data type currency to field. This type accepts values in dollars, cents, and pennies. OLE/Object:- (Object Link Embedded) This type of data type enables us to put pictures in field. You should assign this data type if you want to enter pictures, say of students, in a field of table. Hyperlink:- AS its name indicates, when assigned to any field, this data types requires to write any text that will serve as hyperlink. You should also assign any file’s path to that text so when clicked with left mouse button that file will open. Lookup wizard:- Use this option against any field which you want to be a “foreign key”. When assigned to any field, you will see another window which will ask you to choose a table and its field as foreign key.

Institute of Management & Information Technology Field properties.

3

Date/time Format:- Short date, medium date(12jun04), long date. Caption:- To change the title of any field. Default value:- To put and create word like most of students fee is (1500) so in the particular column if we click then by default there will be (1500) if you want to change the value you can. Look up wizard:- Use of values like ( Quetta, Karachi, Islamabad). Required:- Yes/No it used to make compulsory that the specific field must have a value we can’t keep that empty. Validation rule:- Is used when we want that in the specific field must not contain Less then or greater then or not equal to or equal to needed value like. Between 500 and 200. > Greater then. < Less then. > Greater then and equal to. < Less then and equal to. = Not equal to. Between. Entity Relationship Validation text:- Enter the correct value. Input mask:- . Click on the box then a wizard will open. Entity:- Entity is an object which can be identified distinctly. Example:- In an organization different deportment or the entities of the organization. Sales Department. Purchase Department. Attributes:- The properties or characteristics of an entity which define the entity are called attributes. Relationship:- The association among the entity is called relationship. Primary key:- It is unique key which identify a record in data base. It is also used for making relation ship. Foreign key:- It is referred to primary key in other table. Relationships among tables:- After making tables we relate them with each other for integrity (honesty, uprightness, reliability). We want that data in one table must correspond to data in other tables. Consider the example below. Roll No

Name

Attendance

This table contains information about students roll no, name and attendance. Suppose we have another table containing the information about student’s marks in final exam. Roll No

Marks

Now it is obvious that only those students will appear in exam that will have their records in first table. So each record in table one is connected with table two. In this case we say

4

Institute of Management & Information Technology that these two tables have one-to-one relationship. Now for example you cannot enter a roll no in table two which is not present in table one. We have more types of relationships among tables. These are one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, many-to-many and intermediate relations. Relationship One-to-One

Definition In a one-to-one relationship, each record in table A can have only one matching record in table B, and each record in table B can have only one matching record in table A.

One-to-Many

In a one-to-many relationship, a record in table A can have many matching records in table B, but a record in table B has only one matching record in table A.

Many-to-Many

In a many-to-many relationship, a record in table A can have many matching record in table B can have many matching records in table A this type of relationship is only possible by defining a third table (called a junction table) whose primary key consists of two fields—the foreign keys from both tables A and B.

One-to-One Relationship:- For better understanding of the concept of one-to-one relationship between two tables, let us consider following example. Consider these two tables. Tale 1 Roll No

Name

Age

1 Roll No

Table 2 Marks Division

One table shows two particulars of entity student while other shows student marks and division (apart from primary key), say in mid term examination. These two tables are linked with each other in one-to-one relation. One record in table 1 can share only one

record in table 2. When in display in MS Access in data sheet view, table 1 will show + sign in start of its every row (record). Clicking on this sign will display the related contents on other table. Remember also you have to link ‘primary key’ of table 1 to ‘primary key’ of table 2 if you are going to make one-to-one relationship between then.

5 Institute of Management & Information Technology One-to-Many Relationship:- Keep in mind that concept of one-to-one relationship of previous example and now we will go towards one-to-many type of relationship. Now if one record in one table can share more than one record in table 2,it is said to be one-tomany relationship. In this type of relationship between tables one table’s primary key will be foreign key to other table. Roll No

Table 1 Name Age

1

ID

Table 2 Subject

Roll No

1 Concentrating on these two table example will unravel that these two tables have one-to-many relationship. Primary key to table 1 is acting as an ordinary key in table 2. It is now called foreign key in tale 2. Roll No in table 1 can have only one value but in table 2 it can have more than one value because it is not primary key there so one students can have as much subjects to study as he wants. Many-to-One Relationship:- Many-to-one relationship is just reverse of which I have described, if you place table 2 on the place of table 1 then it will be many-to-one relationship. Many record of table 2 can share only one record of table 1. Remaining logic is same. Many-to-Many Relationship:- If many records from one table can share many records in another table, than this will be many-to-many relationship. Students Roll No Name Age

ID

Teacher Subject Roll No

6

Institute of Management & Information Technology In this example we can see that student-teacher relationship is many-to-many relationship. Every student can ask anything to any teacher, also any teacher can teach many or all students. Practically two tables cannot relate to each other in many-to-many relation fashion. Another table will mediate in them. It is one-to-many relationship from each table with that third mediatory table. Here is an example. Order ID 1 2 3

Order ID 1 2 3 4 5

Product ID 1 2 1 3

Customer ID

Product ID 1 2 3 4 5

Product Name

Note that one order can have many products and each product can appear on many orders. Defining relationships among tables:- We will now learn the actual method or procedure of making relations between tables. Consider that you have two tables in database. Now follow these steps. 1) Close any tables if open. Now only database window will be visible. 2) Click on “relationship” button on database toolbar. Now relationship window will appear. 3) Now relationship window will appear and also a window containing all objects present in data base. Add these two tables to this window by double clicking on each table turn by turn. You will now see two small windows in this “relationship” window. These windows are representatives of two tables. Each window show all fields name of its table. Primary key will appear in bold letters.

Institute of Management & Information Technology Now there are two possibilities which we will discuss now. (1) One-to-One relationship. (2) One-to-Many relationship.

7

One-to-One Relationship:4) Click on any table’s Primary key and keep mouse button pressed. Go to other table’s Primary key and release button. 5) An information dialogue box will appear. Click on “Enforce Referential Integrity” and then on “Cascade update related fields” and on “Cascade delete related records” options and click on “create”. One-to-Many Relationship:6) Click on any table’s primary key and keep mouse button pressed. Go to any field of other table (foreign key) and release button. 7) An information dialogue box will appear. Click on “Enforce Referential Integrity” and then on “Cascade update related fields” and on “Cascade delete related records” options and click on “create”. Note also that each “Edit Relationship” window shows the type of relationship at the end. Referential Integrity (Integrity means, purity or honesty) Suppose you have two tables in database. You relate them in one-to-one fashion. Now you want to delete a record from one table. Access will not going to delete that record because it has relation with other one record in other table. Now you must delete that linked record manually first and than you will be able to delete this record. But you can set these options to automatic. Access will delete all related records for you if you will set “cascade delete related records” option in “Edit relationships” window to on (true). Access will also update all related records for you if you will click the option of “Cascade update related fields” in “Edit relationships” window. Changing Relationship between Tables:- Here is the procedure for changing relationships between tables. 1. Close any tables if open and go the relationship window by clicking relationship button present on database toolbar. 2. Tables (representative windows) and their relationship (represented by line) will appear. Click on line and press delete button from key board. (Hint. When you will click on line, it will become darker). 3. Now no relation is present between tables. Adding a field:- To add a field in last, just type the name of the field at the end of previous fields and new field will be created. Suppose you want to insert a new field between two existing fields, set cursor in lower field and then open “Insert menu”, and click “Rows”. Removing a field:- To remove a field, just set cursor in that field and choose “ delete rows” from the edit menu. Another shortcut is right click on row’s left most space a menu will appear, choose “delete rows”.

8

Institute of Management & Information Technology Moving or copying a field:- To move a field from its present location to new location, just drag it with left mouse button from left most space of row and release button where you want to place it. If you want to make a copy of a field, just click on this space again and choose “copy” from edit menu and paste it at new empty location or between fields.

Students Information PK Reg No Name F/Name Address City Phone No Qualification Picture Email Address Date of birth Date of Admission

Students Fees FK Reg No A Fees S Fees T Fees M Fees

Students Exam FK Reg No Urdu English Math States Computer

Making changes in Datasheet view:- You can use table’s datasheet view for changing table’s properties in any of the two ways. You can change some things about table in datasheet view and those all be in its basic structure. Some changes will be visible in datasheet view only and will not affect the structure of table. Let us consider these turn by turn. Changes in structure of table:- you can use table’s datasheet view to do these operations. i. Renaming fields. ii. Adding fields. iii. Deleting fields. iv. Changing the place of columns. These changes will affect table’s structure. Renaming fields:- For renaming the fields, just double click on its title and it will be ready for new name. Just type any new name and press enter. Adding fields:- You can add new columns or fields from datasheet view. Just right click on any field’s title you will see an options menu, choose “Insert column”. Click on it and new field will be inserted to the left of the column you have selected. You can add field from “Insert” menu. Open insert menu and click on “column”. Deleting fields:- You can delete any field by right clicking on its title and choosing “delete column” or just click on any field and select “delete field” from “edit” menu. Changing place of column:- For changing place of any field or column, just click its title (for selecting whole field) and then drag it any where between any two tables or columns. Remember once again that these changes are permanent and could be checked from table’s design view. Sorting your information:- You can rearrange information after entering in any field. You have two options for arranging the information. You can arrange it in “Ascending

9 Institute of Management & Information Technology order” or “Descending order”. If you will arrange field in Ascending order all entries in that table will be sorted from little to biggest. For sorting in ascending fashion, highlight that field and press ascending sort button present on database toolbar.

A Z

Ascending sort button And if you will use Descending sort button, value will be sorted from maximum to minimum.

Z A

Descending sort button If you will text field it will sort it from A to Z if you will sort it in ascending way and Z to A if in descending order. Also if you will sort ascending a date field, it will rearrange in past to future and vice versa. Finding matching record in a table and replacing it with another:You can find any record in a table by just using find option. You can find any record present in any field of a table. Just make a table and then after opening its datasheet view click on the find button present on the database toolbar. Query:- We can create Query by design view and by wizard. How to create query by design view i. Click on Query. ii. Double click on Query by design view. iii. Select the table and click on add button. iv. Double click on the required fields. v. Type the criteria.(If required) vi. Run the Query from tools menu. vii. Close the Query. viii. Click yes. ix. Type Query name. then OK. Field Name Address Phone No Program City name Table Criteria

ICS-II

OR In above Query we have requested to display those students information who are in ICS-II. Operators:AND= Logical operators OR = Logical operators >, <, >, <, Between, <>, (Comparison Operators).

10

Institute of Management & Information Technology Like:- We use Like for alphabets by which the word starts (Like A) Ahmed and finishes by Alphabet (like d) Good. Making queries having new calculated fields:- Doing calculation on the data stored tables is one of the most important features of the computerized database. Like Table contains the attendance record for five students for three subjects. We now will calculate the students’ average attendance. For that purpose we will make a query. Select all fields from attendance table to query. And after, that type this expression in a new field in query design view. “sum of attendance: ([attend_phy]+[attend_comp]+[attend_eng])” ”Average attendance: ([attend_phy]+[attend_comp]+[attend_eng])/3” Pay Rule First in table we just Enter two fields(entity) Name and Basic Salary. And In Query we have to fill. House Rent =45% HR:[BS]*45/100 Conveyance Allowance

=10%

CA:[BS]*10/100 Provident Fund

=7%

PF:[BS]*7/100 Income Tax

=5% IT:[BS]*5/100

Net Detection ND:[PF]+[IT] Net Salary NS:[GS]-[ND] Action Query Update Query Make table Query Append Query Action Query: An action query is a query that makes changes to or moves many records in just one operation. There are four types of action queries: •

Delete Queries A delete query deletes a group of records from one or more tables. For example, you could use a delete query to remove products that are discontinued or for which there are no orders. With delete queries, you always delete entire records, not just selected fields within records.

•

•

•

11 Institute of Management & Information Technology Update Queries An update query makes global changes to a group of records in one or more tables. For example, you can raise prices by 10 percent for all dairy products, or you can raise salaries by 5 percent for the people within a certain job category. With an update query, you can change data in existing tables. Append Queries An append query adds a group of records from one or more tables to the end of one or more tables. For example, suppose that you acquire some new customers and a database containing a table of information on those customers. To avoid typing all this information into your own database, you' d like to append it to your Customers table. Make-Table Queries A make-table query creates a new table from all or part of the data in one or more tables. Make-table queries are helpful for creating a table to export to other Microsoft Access databases or a history table that contains old records.

Update Query:i. Double click on create Query by design view. ii. Add the table. iii. Double click on required field. iv. Click on update Query in Query menu. v. Type the criteria and update. vi. Run the Query. Delete Query:i. Click on Query. ii. Double click on create Query by design view. iii. Add the tables. iv. Choose delete Query from Query menu. v. Double click the required fields. vi. Type the criteria. vii. Run Query. Make table Query:i. Click Query. ii. Double click create Query design view. iii. Add the table. iv. Double click the required fields. v. Choose make table Query from Query menu. vi. Type the table name. vii. Choose the location of data base. viii. OK ix. Run the Query. Append Query:i. Click Query. ii. Double click Query by design view. iii. Add the tables. iv. Doubles click the required fields. v. Choose Append Query from Query menu.

12

Institute of Management & Information Technology vi. Type the criteria (IFREQ). vii. Run.

Product ID

Product ID

Product Name

Product Name

Quantity

Quantity

Price

Price

Month

Month

Form Form in any database work as front hand tool. We interact with the tables and queries (basic place holds for data) through forms. After making tables and forms in database we will only see forms and tables will remain hidden from our normal database view. Also we can not only enter but view data from tables through forms. Creating forms:- We can create forms by to ways. 1. Create forms in design view. 2. Create forms by wizard. Create forms by using wizard:- It is evident that you will create form when you have at least one table present so first step in making a form is building a table. After these, follow these steps. 1) Click on the forms tab present in database window. 2) Double click on the “create form by using form by wizard”. You will see the list of all tables and queries in “Table/Queries” pull down menu. Also note that when selected a table or query all of its columns or fields appear in the “Available Fields” window. 3) Select the table from “Table/Queries” pull down menu. 4) Select the field you want to appear on the form and press > button. You can choose one by one and if you want that all the fields of the table should be added in the form then press button. At once all the fields will be >> added. 5) After selecting field(s), Press Next button. 6) A new window will appear. 7) In this window you will see different options for columns of a table to appear on the form. If you will select “Columnar”, you will see the form showing only one record from the table at a time. If you will select the “Tabular” option, you will see the form on which all controls will be arranged like datasheet view and you will see all records of the table at once. I will proceed here by choosing “Columnar” option. 8) After choosing “Columnar” radio button, click on next. 9) On this next window you can choose a pattern for your form. Check your self the options and after selecting one, click on next button. 10) After that you will se the final window in form building using wizard. 11) Just click on finish.

Institute of Management & Information Technology

13

You will see the form displaying only one record at a time and also showing record navigation options bellow the form. You can see all records by clicking and buttons on the “Record” navigation bar. Now you can add the records by just typing in the controls present on the form and pressing enter key after entry in last control or you can press button also present on the record navigation bar. After making form, save it from “file menu’s” save option with appropriate name. Create in design view:- Follow the steps for making form in design view. 1) Keeping in mind that you have one or more tables prior to form building, double click on the option “Create form in design view” after clicking on the forms tab of database window. 2) Without any further window, form will appear. You will see that this form does not contain any controls, and any object. Now you will place the controls for the fields of any table, and other drawing objects on it. 3) Now first for all you need controls of fields of a table on this table. 4) After highlighting this new form, click on properties button present on database . toolbar. Its shape is 5) A new window will appear. This is the properties window for that new form.

6) In this properties window click on “Data” tab. 7) After that, open “Record source” pull down menu. This menu will show all tables and queries present in database. You can attach any table or query with this form by selecting it. 8) You will see that as you will select any table or query; a new small window will appear showing all the fields of that table or query. Now close properties window. 9) After appearance of that window just drag the fields from this window on to the form area. You will see that controls for fields with their labels will appear. (remember labels for each control contains the name or title of that field) 10) Drag and drop all fields until you get all fields of that table or query on the form. 11) You can change the form shape or format by clicking the button “Auto format” A new window will appear and you can change present on database toolbar. the form’s format. Select any format form “For Auto formats” portion of the window and click ok.

14

Institute of Management & Information Technology 12) Save and close the file.

Form formatting:- After making form by either method, we will now concentrate on the decoration or addition of objects in form or “formatting”. We will discuss following things. i. Adding drawing objects. ii. Alignment and resizing of controls. iii. Form color and controls appearance (color and size). Adding drawing objects:- After opening the form (or if it is still open at the first place), click on “Toolbox” button present on the database toolbar . A new window will appear. On this new window, titled “toolbox” you will see many buttons representing different drawing objects. Just click them step by step and make the appropriate drawing on form. Here is their introduction through a picture and with brief descriptions.

i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x.

Label:- You can add label to forms for description of any thing. It is simple text which has properties like any other text of word or excel. You can change its font size and color too. Check box:- This control appears for the field of data type “yes/no”. Also you can code this object in visual basic for any “yes/no” option. Unbound object frame:- You can use this option for inserting objects like Ms Excel sheet. Clearly it is unbound object. Bound object frame:- This frame could be used for the field of any table or query having data type of “OLE object”. Line:- For inserting line. Rectangle:- For making rectangle. Text box:- You can make text box for writing some thing and also can connect that box with a field of a table or query. Subform/subreport:- You can add more forms or reports in a form using this option. Tab control:- You can make a page (or small area in a form) with two tab options. You can add different kinds of controls on these two pages. Image:- You can add image using this option.

xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv.

15 Institute of Management & Information Technology Toggle button:- You can code this button for two positions. If pressed and if not pressed. Also attached to the field of data type “yes/no”. Option button:- You can also code this button for two positions. This button works with a field of data type “yes/no”. Combo box:- You can choose one value from a field of a table through the use of combo box. List box:- It shows a scrollable list of value of a table’s field. Option group:- Keeping different control set as one group.

Report We will now consider the basic definition of reports once again. Report is an effective and in some cases necessary objects in database to represent data in printed format. As forms are used to enter as well as view data, it does not fit fields on a “paper like” window for printing purposes. In reports you can arrange fields and other different controls as you think them beautiful and when printed they will sustain their shape on paper. We will now learn to make reports in MS Access. You can not only make reports of tables but also of queries. Data in both tables and queries rests in columns (fields) and rows (records) so their structure is same. Report supports both of them. Making reports of tables and queries using wizard:First of all we will make a simple report representing a single table’s all fields. We will make this report using ‘report creating by wizard’. Follow these steps. i. Click on reports section in database window. ii. Double click on “Create report by using wizard” option. A new window will appear (make sure that at least one table exits for making report). iii. Select all fields and click next button. iv. Now you can see that next window will show you the arrangement of fields of table on report and also gives you the opportunity of grouping on some fields as criterion. v. Without using grouping option, click on next button. Another window will appear. vi. You can arrange four fields in ascending (minimum to maximum value) or descending (maximum to minimum value) for report. Remember that original configuration in table will not change and only the view of data will change in report. For example you have a field in ascending order in table and you choose it descending in report, it will only look descending in report and will remain same in table. vii. Just leave every thing as they are and click on next. A new window will appear. viii. You can not set the orientation and layout of report. You can see that layout options are same as form building and orientation portion is special for report. Click on next. ix. In this window you can select any style for your report. It is identical to form style choosing window. x. After this window click on next and another window will appear. This window is last in report building using wizard. In this last window you can give name to report but leave the default name and click on finish.

16 xi.

Institute of Management & Information Technology You can see the report is ready and all fields are in place as you have done that in report building. Now you can arrange text in report, changing font, changing test size and place extra straight lines. We will learn now these actions.

Editing report:- After making report, select that report from database window and click on design view. You will see the report in design view. In design view you will see different sections of report. In “page header” section you will see the heading of each column. These labels will appear only once in report. In detail section all records will appear and each “text box” represents each column of table. Like wise “page footer” section contains that material which remain same in each page’s bottom just like word document. Apart from “page header” section there is top most section named “report header”. You will see the main heading of report here. By default this section contains the name of table for which this report is made but you can change it in any way you want using different tools. In the lowest portion you will notice the “report footer” section. You can add any text here and that text will not appear on the bottom of report but at the end of records. You can see the report in design view on next page. Text size, color and font changing:- You can change the font size by selecting any text box and just using normal font size pull down menu form formatting bar. All other font formatting options are same as in Ms Word or Ms Excel. Inserting text, line, square, pictures etc in report:You can insert text, line, square and pictures using the toolbox. Detail of this toolbox were stated in “Forms”. You can make report as you want using these tools. Making report in design view:You can’t only make report using wizard but also in design view. Follow these steps for making report in design view. i. Double click on “Create report in design view”. A window will appear. ii. In this report you can enable “report header” and ‘report footer’ by right clicking on report and choosing any option. iii. Now this report is not connected with any table or query. You must relate or connect this report with any table or query. For this purpose right click on upper left corner of report and choose “properties”. iv. After choosing properties, report properties window will appear. v. Now click on “Data” tab from this properties window. Now you can see that first option is “Record Source”. Open this pull down menu and choose the table or query with which you want to attach the report. vi. As you will choose any table or query, another window will appear representing that table. All fields of that table will appear in this window. vii. Now close the properties window. Small window containing fields of table or query will remain visible. Now drag these fields with the help of mouse and drop them in details section.

viii. ix.

17 Institute of Management & Information Technology You can see that not only field representing text box will appear but also its label will appear. Now arrange text box and delete label. Draw label manually in page header section using toolbox. In this way you can build all report. After placing all fields, now place more labels as main headings or for information and place lines and squares for more beauty. Remember that you can drag the labels and text boxes using the place holds present on upper left corner of these controls.

Properties of separate parts of report:- You can also adjust properties of different parts of report separately. For example you have seen the over all properties of report that were visible on right clicking on upper left corner or report in design view. Now if you right click on “report header” and choose properties, you will see the properties of this section only. Like wise you can set properties of separate sections by right clicking on them and choosing properties from menu. The End Best luck