Mp
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Home > Library > Literature & Language > Dictionary n. (Abbr. mp) 1. The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid at standard atmospheric pressure. 2. The temperature at which a solid and its liquid are in equilibrium, at any fixed pressure.
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Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Melting point Top Home > Library > Science > Sci-Tech Encyclopedia The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. For pure substances, the melting or fusion process occurs at a single temperature, the temperature rise with addition of heat being arrested until melting is complete. Melting points reported in the literature, unless specifically stated otherwise, have been measured under an applied pressure of 1 atm (105 pascals), usually 1 atm of air. (The solubility of air in the liquid is a complicating factor in precision measurements.) Upon melting, all substances absorb heat, and most substances expand; consequently an increase in pressure normally raises the melting point. A few substances, of which water is the most notable example, contract upon melting; thus, the application of pressure to ice at 32°F (0°C) causes it to melt. Large changes in pressure are required to produce significant shifts in the melting point. For solutions of two or more components, the melting process normally occurs over a range of temperatures, and a distinction is made between the melting point, the temperature at which the first trace of liquid appears, and the freezing point, the higher temperature at which the last trace of solid disappears, or equivalently, if one is cooling rather than heating, the temperature at which the first trace of solid appears. See also Phase equilibrium; Solution; Sublimation; Triple point.
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Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Melting point Top Home > Library > Science > Sci-Tech Encyclopedia The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. For pure substances, the melting or fusion process occurs at a single temperature, the temperature rise with addition of heat being arrested until melting is complete. Melting points reported in the literature, unless specifically stated otherwise, have been measured under an applied pressure of 1 atm (105 pascals), usually 1 atm of air. (The solubility of air in the liquid is a complicating factor in precision measurements.) Upon melting, all substances absorb heat, and most substances expand; consequently an increase in pressure normally raises the melting point. A few substances, of which water is the most notable example, contract upon melting; thus, the application of pressure to ice at 32°F (0°C) causes it to melt. Large changes in pressure are required to produce significant shifts in the melting point. For solutions of two or more components, the melting process normally occurs over a range of temperatures, and a distinction is made between the melting point, the temperature at which the first trace of liquid appears, and the freezing point, the higher temperature at which the last trace of solid disappears, or equivalently, if one is cooling rather than heating, the temperature at which the first trace of solid appears. See also Phase equilibrium; Solution; Sublimation; Triple point.
