Motivating And Rewarding Employees

MOTIVATING AND REWARDING EMPLOYEES

Achraf El biyad Pawel Cieciera Sulipeng

OUTLINE Ø Part Ι: Concepts – 1 Motivation And Individual Needs – 2 theories ( X and Y , Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs)

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Ø Part ΙΙ-1: Article Introduction – 1 Article Author – 2 Article Objectives – 3 Article Methodology

Ø Part ΙΙ-2: Article Analysis – 1 KITA – 2 Motivation-Hygiene Theory – 3 Job Enrichment

Ø Part ΙΙΙ conclusions – 1 findings – 2 conclusion •

what does in your opinion MOTIVATION mean?

PART Ι CONCEPTS Ø Motivation And Individual Needs 

Motivation: “The processes that account for an individual’s The willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organization goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual need.”

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• Effort: a measure of intensity or drive • Direction: toward organizational goals • Need: personalized reason to exert effort 

Individual Needs:

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• Primary Needs: Material needs by the wage • Social Needs: The feeling of membership in a group, Consideration and recognition of the superior • The Needs Of Realization: the needs of security,The tools and  conditions to work

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

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E ste e m

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S e lf

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S o cia l

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S a fe ty

P h ysio lo g ica l

Source: Motivation and Personality, Second Edition, by A. H. Maslow, 1970. Reprinted by permission of Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

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Little Ambition

Theory X Employees

Dislike Work Avoid Responsibility Self-Directed

Theory Y Employees

Enjoy Work Accept Responsibility 6

“One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees ?”

PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE INTRODUCTION

---- Frederick Herzberg Born: in 1923 ---- Dead: in 2000 USA Psychologist

PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE INTRODUCTION (cont’d)

Ø Major Contributions:

– “Motivator-Hygiene Theory” – “Job Enrichment Approach”

• Ø Publication Articles – “One More Time, How Do You Motivate Employees?" – “Work And The Nature Of Man” – “The Motivation To Work”

Ø Ø Social Status – Professor Of Management At The University Of Utah In Salt Lake City – Head Of The Department Of Psychology At Case Western Reserve University In Cleveland.

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PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE INTRODUCTION (cont’d)

ARTICLE OBJECTIVES Ø To introduce the methods to motivate employees. 

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Ø To introduce the factors which could lead employees satisfied and dissatisfied.

• Ø To show how to make job enriched and the steps

PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE INTRODUCTION (cont’d)

ARTICLE METHODOLOGY Ø Use Numerous Inferences Of Fact. • Ø Use The Outcomes Of Social Investigations 

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Ø Dog Experiment & Company Experiment

PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE 

MOTIVATION BY “KITA”

Ø What is “KITA” – –

KITA = Kick in the pants (1968) KITA = Kick in the ass (1987, 2003)

Ø Ø Various forms of “KITA” –

Negative Physical “KITA”:

• Motivation by punishment— • A push

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Negative Psychological “KITA”:

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Positive “KITA”: • motivation by reward • pull

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• Move to undesirable office • Stop speaking to subordinates • Threaten termination

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PART ΙΙ-1 ARTICLE INTRODUCTION (cont’d)

MOTIVATING WITH “KITA”

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Ø Positive KITA personnel practices used as an attempt to instill motivation • • • • • • • • •

Reducing the time spent at work Spiraling wages Fringe Benefits Human Relations Training Sensitivity Training Communications Two Way Communications Job Participation Employee Counseling

PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE (cont’d) MOTIVATION BY “KITA” Ø The simplest, surest and most direct ways to get someone do something is to administer a KITA • Ø But could employees be really motivated by KITA? • • 

PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE (cont’d) MOTIVATION BY “KITA” Ø Dog Experiment: 

• I have a year-old dog. • When it was a small puppy and I wanted it to move, I kicked it in the rear and it moved. • Now that I have finished its obedience training, I hold up a biscuit when I wanted it to move. • Who is motivated – I or the dog? • The dog wants the biscuit, but it is I who want it to move. • Again, I am the one who is motivated, and the dog is the one who moves. • I exerted a pull instead of a push.

PART ΙΙ-2 ARTICLE ANALYZE (cont’d)        

FINDINGS Ø KITA brings about only MOVEMENT, it does not MOTIVATE the object, the only motivated is KITA’s user Ø Positive KITA generates high costs Ø Distinction from the factors that motivate and these which demotivate Ø The most efficient motivation ‘comes from insidde’ •

FINDINGS

CONCLUSION Ø ØEfficient motivation system should assume: 

ØDeclining an influence of hygiene factors 

ØIncreasing an influence of intrinsic factors 

•Thanks for you attention