Module 3
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Module
3.4 3.4 Community Steward
The Community Steward will visit filter owners to ensure that they are using the filter properly. The Community Steward also has the opportunity to teach households about safe water storage, hygiene, sanitation, and other issues of concern to the community.
Module 3.4 Community Steward
3.4 COMMUNITY STEWARD.....................................................................................................................1 INTRO TO BEING A COMMUNITY STEWARD......................................................................................................2 Role of a Community Steward..................................................................................................................2 Expected Participants..............................................................................................................................2 Course Goals............................................................................................................................................2 Learning Objectives.................................................................................................................................2 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE...............................................................................................................................3 COMMUNITY STEWARD - TWO DAY TRAINING SESSION OUTLINE..........................................................................4 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................................8
Intro to Being a Community Steward Role of a Community Steward The primary role of a Community Steward is to visit with new filter owners, particularly the householders who will use the filter, to assist them in learning how to use the filter. This visit can then be used to help people learn about ways to store their water safely, improve their hygiene practices and to answer questions that there might be about water use in general. Another role that the CS may have is to help schools and community groups with education programs about water, sanitation and hygiene. This could be as a key organizer of activities or as a resource person to the teachers or community leaders. Expected Participants Participants will be selected individuals from an organization or community who are interested in helping their neighbours and friends as well as the poor within their community. They are fairly well respected and outgoing in the community. Course Goals The participants will gain a clear understanding of the BioSand filter, its operation and maintenance. They will also gain the skills needed to work with householders to improve their lives through the better use of water, better hygiene and sanitation practices Learning Objectives Upon completing the Community Steward (CS) course, the participants will be able to: • describe the role of a CS • list the responsibilities of a CS • describe where water comes from (water cycle) • describe how water can become contaminated • describe how contaminants can affect a person’s health • understand and describe how water treatment works to remove contaminants • list some types of household water treatment devices • describe how the BioSand filter is built and how it works • teach householders how to use and maintain the filter • perform swirl and dump maintenance
Page 2 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward • • • • • • • •
know when a filter isn’t working right and when to contact a filter technician identify safe water storage containers and encourage filter owners to use them teach householders to use good quality water for many purposes identify poor hygiene practices and ways to correct them know how to work with householders to identify sanitation issues and correct them respond to households in a diplomatic and service oriented focus set up a school water filter education program set up a community group program to work on water, hygiene and sanitation issues
General Knowledge We recommend that the following subjects are taught to the community steward: General Water and Sanitation Issues Where water comes from (Water cycle, water sources) What is water contamination? How contaminated water causes illnesses (transmission routes) How water can be treated to remove contaminants Safe storage of water Good hygiene practices Improved sanitation BioSand Filter What is it? How is it built? How is it installed? How it is used correctly What the filter user should know How to maintain the filter What happens if the filter isn’t working correctly? Working with the Community Working with householders (families, filter users) Working with schools Working with local organizing groups
Page 3 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward
Community Steward - Two day Training Session Outline Learning Objectives
Content
Key Points
Instructional Techniques
Describe the role of a CS
Skills and role of a CS
Personality of a CS Existing skills a CS might have New skills that a CS will learn
List the responsibilities of a CS
Listing of CS responsibilities
Describe where water comes from
Water Cycle
Describe how water can become contaminated
Water picks up lots of material in many ways
Visit filter owners Convey key messages about: Filter use and maintenance Hygiene practices Sanitation practices Reporting to community organizer Work with fellow CS’s & FT’s Forms of water – solid, liquid, vapour Describe pure water Define evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration in simple terms Describe how water goes in a continuous cycle Water moves through the water cycle contacting many things, materials, surfaces Define contamination Forms of contamination –
- group discussion - presentation by the local community organizer - presentation by an experienced CS or other community worker - review learning objectives As above
Assessment
Time
The participants will be able to:
20 minutes
answer questions in Manual
20 minutes
Use the drawing in the manual (paper copy or PP) Draw the water cycle on a whiteboard or a large sheet of paper Exercises in Manual Take a hike through the community if many parts of the cycle can be identified
Draw out water cycle Label a drawing of the water cycle
20 minutes
Use water cycle drawing Use bottles of various kinds of water to illustrate contaminants Use MP 2 to show how water is contaminated
Fill in the blank 30 test ? minutes
Page 4 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward
Describe how contaminants can affect a person’s health
Contaminated water causes illnesses Transmission Routes
Understand and Water describe how water Treatment treatment works to remove contaminants list some types of water treatment devices
Household water treatment equipment
Describe how the BioSand filter is built and works
BioSand filter construction and theory
germs (microbial/biological), physical (particles, turbidity) and chemical (dissolved natural or manmade chemicals) What contaminants do to water – common contaminants Microbiologically unsafe water is a major cause of death and disease. Microbiology consists of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths/worms Waterborne, water washed, water based, water related Transmission routes – FDiagram Treatment process Define and explain: Sedimentation Filtration Disinfection
Walk through the community
Activities in Manual Use MP3 to illustrate illness from microbes in water Use MP 4 to show transmission routes Play transmission route game in small groups
Compare and debrief transmission route game
Use pails of turbid water to illustrate sedimentation Use sand in a clear plastic bottle to illustrate filtration Use MP 8 to illustrate household water treatment process Explain sedimentation Activities in Manual Verbal quiz (straining, settling, coagulants); Have samples of various treatment with sample filtration (sand filters, filament, equipment equipment charcoal) and disinfection ask which (chlorine, SODIS, process is used pasteurization, UV) and other devices such as Reverse Osmosis, Distillation Concrete filter body Show pictures and diagrams of the Test using a Preparation of sand media filter explaining the various sections diagram of the Placement of media Have a filter cut away filter Have a working filter set up Verbal quiz
30 minutes
10 minutes
20 minutes
30 minutes (2 hrs if involve
Page 5 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward Visit a Filter technician and watch or get involved in the construction of the filter List of things user should know - see manual Use MP 13 and 14 to show filter use and good/poor practices Practice with working filters Role playing Live practice with filter owners Use 1 page filter handout Use MP 15 to illustrate maintenance Practice with working filters
Teach BioSand Filter householders how use and to use and maintain maintenance the filter
Use best available water Check flow rate Check filter for level, lid, diffuser, cleanliness, cracks, sand level, spout
Perform swirl and dump maintenance
Low flow maintenance
Check flow rate, Swirl and dump Recheck flow rate
Know when a filter isn’t working right Know when to contact a filter technician when a filter is not working Identify good containers for the safe storage of water and encourage filter owners to use them Teach householders to use good quality water for many purposes
Problem diagnosis
Flow rate Sand level Changes in water supply User’s health Water testing (physical check, lab testing)
Check list – see manual Demonstrate physical checks Role playing 1 page checklist Householder handout
Safe storage of water
Good container – small opening, lid, spigot, clean, lightweight, always used for clean water
Use MP 9 Have good and poor containers and describe the desirable characteristics
Good quality water use
Water quality Walter quantity Drinking, food preparation, personal hygiene, dishes, clothes, other purposes
Use MP 1 Group discussion Role playing Live practices
Have learners explain in their own words Monitor role paying and live practices (give real time corrections and have debriefing sessions)
d with pouring a filter) 1 hr (longer dependi ng on live practice s)
Have each learner demonstrate process Verbal quiz Debriefing session
30 min
Have learner explain in their own words
30 minutes
30 minutes
20 minutes
Page 6 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward Identify poor hygiene practices and ways to correct them
Hygiene Practices
Hand washing times and techniques 3 x 3 Food protection Washing dishes Keeping kids clean Cleanliness around the home, yard and neighbourhood
Know how to work with householders to identify sanitation issues and how they might correct them
Sanitation
Microbes in human and animal faeces Latrine design Maintaining a latrine
Respond to households in a diplomatic and service oriented focus Set up a school water filter education program
Client service
Planning household visits Being polite and courteous Handling clients questions Gender analysis
School programs
Water Hygiene Sanitation Setting action plans Health or environment clubs
Set up a community group program to work
Community programs
Water Hygiene Sanitation
Use MP 2 and 7 to illustrate poor and good hygiene Use MP10 and 11 to demonstrate hand washing Use of tippy taps Practise session to show hand washing Use Transmission route game Comic book Use MP 5 and 6 to illustrate breaking the transmission route with latrines and latrine design and use Trip around the community Group discussion Community mapping Sanitation ladder Bring in guest that works with latrines Practise session during household visits Role playing Practise session Manual Use of all MP’s Using the MP’s Using comic book 3 pile sorting game transmission route game Building and using tippy-taps Poster competitions Making shoes Bring in a teacher to discuss options Radio play Typical community meeting agenda Bring in community organization
Feedback on 1 hr practise session (longer if using practise sessions )
Feedback from practise sessions
1 hr
1 hr
1 hr
Page 7 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward on water, hygiene and sanitation issues Wrap up
Setting action plans
leader to discuss options
Review all the issues above
Verbal answers - List on a white board
Ask for participants feedback
15 minutes
References Below is a great web site that has Power Point presentations which describe ways to communicate health messages – primarily intended for people in developing countries. It gives good explanations on understanding behaviours, how behaviours can be changed, and how to communicate messages (usually about health issues). http://www.communicatinghealth.com/powerpoint.htm
Page 8 of 8
3.4 3.4 Community Steward
The Community Steward will visit filter owners to ensure that they are using the filter properly. The Community Steward also has the opportunity to teach households about safe water storage, hygiene, sanitation, and other issues of concern to the community.
Module 3.4 Community Steward
3.4 COMMUNITY STEWARD.....................................................................................................................1 INTRO TO BEING A COMMUNITY STEWARD......................................................................................................2 Role of a Community Steward..................................................................................................................2 Expected Participants..............................................................................................................................2 Course Goals............................................................................................................................................2 Learning Objectives.................................................................................................................................2 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE...............................................................................................................................3 COMMUNITY STEWARD - TWO DAY TRAINING SESSION OUTLINE..........................................................................4 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................................8
Intro to Being a Community Steward Role of a Community Steward The primary role of a Community Steward is to visit with new filter owners, particularly the householders who will use the filter, to assist them in learning how to use the filter. This visit can then be used to help people learn about ways to store their water safely, improve their hygiene practices and to answer questions that there might be about water use in general. Another role that the CS may have is to help schools and community groups with education programs about water, sanitation and hygiene. This could be as a key organizer of activities or as a resource person to the teachers or community leaders. Expected Participants Participants will be selected individuals from an organization or community who are interested in helping their neighbours and friends as well as the poor within their community. They are fairly well respected and outgoing in the community. Course Goals The participants will gain a clear understanding of the BioSand filter, its operation and maintenance. They will also gain the skills needed to work with householders to improve their lives through the better use of water, better hygiene and sanitation practices Learning Objectives Upon completing the Community Steward (CS) course, the participants will be able to: • describe the role of a CS • list the responsibilities of a CS • describe where water comes from (water cycle) • describe how water can become contaminated • describe how contaminants can affect a person’s health • understand and describe how water treatment works to remove contaminants • list some types of household water treatment devices • describe how the BioSand filter is built and how it works • teach householders how to use and maintain the filter • perform swirl and dump maintenance
Page 2 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward • • • • • • • •
know when a filter isn’t working right and when to contact a filter technician identify safe water storage containers and encourage filter owners to use them teach householders to use good quality water for many purposes identify poor hygiene practices and ways to correct them know how to work with householders to identify sanitation issues and correct them respond to households in a diplomatic and service oriented focus set up a school water filter education program set up a community group program to work on water, hygiene and sanitation issues
General Knowledge We recommend that the following subjects are taught to the community steward: General Water and Sanitation Issues Where water comes from (Water cycle, water sources) What is water contamination? How contaminated water causes illnesses (transmission routes) How water can be treated to remove contaminants Safe storage of water Good hygiene practices Improved sanitation BioSand Filter What is it? How is it built? How is it installed? How it is used correctly What the filter user should know How to maintain the filter What happens if the filter isn’t working correctly? Working with the Community Working with householders (families, filter users) Working with schools Working with local organizing groups
Page 3 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward
Community Steward - Two day Training Session Outline Learning Objectives
Content
Key Points
Instructional Techniques
Describe the role of a CS
Skills and role of a CS
Personality of a CS Existing skills a CS might have New skills that a CS will learn
List the responsibilities of a CS
Listing of CS responsibilities
Describe where water comes from
Water Cycle
Describe how water can become contaminated
Water picks up lots of material in many ways
Visit filter owners Convey key messages about: Filter use and maintenance Hygiene practices Sanitation practices Reporting to community organizer Work with fellow CS’s & FT’s Forms of water – solid, liquid, vapour Describe pure water Define evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration in simple terms Describe how water goes in a continuous cycle Water moves through the water cycle contacting many things, materials, surfaces Define contamination Forms of contamination –
- group discussion - presentation by the local community organizer - presentation by an experienced CS or other community worker - review learning objectives As above
Assessment
Time
The participants will be able to:
20 minutes
answer questions in Manual
20 minutes
Use the drawing in the manual (paper copy or PP) Draw the water cycle on a whiteboard or a large sheet of paper Exercises in Manual Take a hike through the community if many parts of the cycle can be identified
Draw out water cycle Label a drawing of the water cycle
20 minutes
Use water cycle drawing Use bottles of various kinds of water to illustrate contaminants Use MP 2 to show how water is contaminated
Fill in the blank 30 test ? minutes
Page 4 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward
Describe how contaminants can affect a person’s health
Contaminated water causes illnesses Transmission Routes
Understand and Water describe how water Treatment treatment works to remove contaminants list some types of water treatment devices
Household water treatment equipment
Describe how the BioSand filter is built and works
BioSand filter construction and theory
germs (microbial/biological), physical (particles, turbidity) and chemical (dissolved natural or manmade chemicals) What contaminants do to water – common contaminants Microbiologically unsafe water is a major cause of death and disease. Microbiology consists of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths/worms Waterborne, water washed, water based, water related Transmission routes – FDiagram Treatment process Define and explain: Sedimentation Filtration Disinfection
Walk through the community
Activities in Manual Use MP3 to illustrate illness from microbes in water Use MP 4 to show transmission routes Play transmission route game in small groups
Compare and debrief transmission route game
Use pails of turbid water to illustrate sedimentation Use sand in a clear plastic bottle to illustrate filtration Use MP 8 to illustrate household water treatment process Explain sedimentation Activities in Manual Verbal quiz (straining, settling, coagulants); Have samples of various treatment with sample filtration (sand filters, filament, equipment equipment charcoal) and disinfection ask which (chlorine, SODIS, process is used pasteurization, UV) and other devices such as Reverse Osmosis, Distillation Concrete filter body Show pictures and diagrams of the Test using a Preparation of sand media filter explaining the various sections diagram of the Placement of media Have a filter cut away filter Have a working filter set up Verbal quiz
30 minutes
10 minutes
20 minutes
30 minutes (2 hrs if involve
Page 5 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward Visit a Filter technician and watch or get involved in the construction of the filter List of things user should know - see manual Use MP 13 and 14 to show filter use and good/poor practices Practice with working filters Role playing Live practice with filter owners Use 1 page filter handout Use MP 15 to illustrate maintenance Practice with working filters
Teach BioSand Filter householders how use and to use and maintain maintenance the filter
Use best available water Check flow rate Check filter for level, lid, diffuser, cleanliness, cracks, sand level, spout
Perform swirl and dump maintenance
Low flow maintenance
Check flow rate, Swirl and dump Recheck flow rate
Know when a filter isn’t working right Know when to contact a filter technician when a filter is not working Identify good containers for the safe storage of water and encourage filter owners to use them Teach householders to use good quality water for many purposes
Problem diagnosis
Flow rate Sand level Changes in water supply User’s health Water testing (physical check, lab testing)
Check list – see manual Demonstrate physical checks Role playing 1 page checklist Householder handout
Safe storage of water
Good container – small opening, lid, spigot, clean, lightweight, always used for clean water
Use MP 9 Have good and poor containers and describe the desirable characteristics
Good quality water use
Water quality Walter quantity Drinking, food preparation, personal hygiene, dishes, clothes, other purposes
Use MP 1 Group discussion Role playing Live practices
Have learners explain in their own words Monitor role paying and live practices (give real time corrections and have debriefing sessions)
d with pouring a filter) 1 hr (longer dependi ng on live practice s)
Have each learner demonstrate process Verbal quiz Debriefing session
30 min
Have learner explain in their own words
30 minutes
30 minutes
20 minutes
Page 6 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward Identify poor hygiene practices and ways to correct them
Hygiene Practices
Hand washing times and techniques 3 x 3 Food protection Washing dishes Keeping kids clean Cleanliness around the home, yard and neighbourhood
Know how to work with householders to identify sanitation issues and how they might correct them
Sanitation
Microbes in human and animal faeces Latrine design Maintaining a latrine
Respond to households in a diplomatic and service oriented focus Set up a school water filter education program
Client service
Planning household visits Being polite and courteous Handling clients questions Gender analysis
School programs
Water Hygiene Sanitation Setting action plans Health or environment clubs
Set up a community group program to work
Community programs
Water Hygiene Sanitation
Use MP 2 and 7 to illustrate poor and good hygiene Use MP10 and 11 to demonstrate hand washing Use of tippy taps Practise session to show hand washing Use Transmission route game Comic book Use MP 5 and 6 to illustrate breaking the transmission route with latrines and latrine design and use Trip around the community Group discussion Community mapping Sanitation ladder Bring in guest that works with latrines Practise session during household visits Role playing Practise session Manual Use of all MP’s Using the MP’s Using comic book 3 pile sorting game transmission route game Building and using tippy-taps Poster competitions Making shoes Bring in a teacher to discuss options Radio play Typical community meeting agenda Bring in community organization
Feedback on 1 hr practise session (longer if using practise sessions )
Feedback from practise sessions
1 hr
1 hr
1 hr
Page 7 of 8
Module 3.4 Community Steward on water, hygiene and sanitation issues Wrap up
Setting action plans
leader to discuss options
Review all the issues above
Verbal answers - List on a white board
Ask for participants feedback
15 minutes
References Below is a great web site that has Power Point presentations which describe ways to communicate health messages – primarily intended for people in developing countries. It gives good explanations on understanding behaviours, how behaviours can be changed, and how to communicate messages (usually about health issues). http://www.communicatinghealth.com/powerpoint.htm
Page 8 of 8
