Mobile Communication
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INTRODUCTION THE WORLD TO DAY THE MOST ADVANCING TECHNOLOGY IN COMN, TO ANY PART OR ANY WHERE IN THE WORLD. THE VIEW OF THE WORLD CHANGES DAY TO DAY BRINGING NEW DISCOVERIES AND NEW TECHNOLOGYES IN EXISTANCE. IF WE STUDY THE WORLD HISTORY, ABOUT ONE & HALF CENTURYES AGO TELEGRAPHY COME INTO EXISTANCE AND THIRTY YEARS AFTER THIS INVENTION TELEPHONE CAME INTO EXISTANCE. AFTER THAT GRADUALLY INVENT TRANSISTOR, ICS, LSI, MICROPROCESSOR, SATELLITES AND FIBER OPTICS WHICH IS MADE A HUGE LEAP TOWARDS THE TELE COMN. A CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO TELEPHONE CONSISTS OF A LOW POWER TX AND RX, WHICH CAN COVER A CITY OR A SURROUNDING AREA. IT IS ALSO ACT AS A PORTABLE MOBILE RADIOTELEPHONE. THIS EQPT CONSIST OF A SET OF ANTENNAS TO RECEIVE THE SIGNALS TO AS WELL AS FORM THE MOBILE STATION.
CELLULAR TELEPHONE THE MTSO (MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE ) IS THE HEART OF CELLULAR MOBILE TELEPHONE SYS. ITS PROCESSOR PROVIDED CENTRAL CO-ORDINATION AND CELLULAR ADMINISTRATION. THE CELLULAR THAT CAN BE EITHER ANALOG OR DIGITAL SWITCH CALL TO CONNECT TO MOBILE SUBSCRIBER TO OTHER MOBILE SUBSCRIBER AND TO THE NATION WIDE TELEPHONE NETWORK. IT ALSO CONTAINS DATA LINKS PROVIDING SUPERVISSION LINK BETWEEN PROCESSOR AND SWITCH. THE RADIO LINK PROVIDE VOICE AND SIGNALLING BETWEEN MOBILE STATION AND CELL SITE. THE HIGH SPEED DATA IS TRANSMITTED ON MICROWAVE.
FEATURES OF CELLULAR SYSTEM •
THE TOTAL OPERATING REGION IS DIVIDED ON TO SMALL AREAS CALLED CELL.
•
EACH CELL HAS A BASE STN WITH TX AND RX.
• LOWER POWER MOBILE SUBSCRIBER UNIT IS DESIGNED FOR THE SYSTEM. • THE SYS DESIGN PROVIDED FOR RE-USE OF CHANNEL. •
THE SYS PROVIDED FOR HAND OFF FACILITY.
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF MOBILE COMN BASIC CELLULAR SYSTEM : THE BASIC CELLULAR SYS ARE THREE PARTS. Ƶ A MOBILE UNITS ⊴ A CELL SITE ʚ A MOBILE TELE SWITCHING OFFICE MOBILE UNITS : ɻ A CONTROL. A TRANSMITTER A RECEIVER AN ANTEENA SYS
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF MOBILE COMN CELL SITE : Ƶ A CONTROLL UNIT ⊴ A RADIO CABINET ʚ AN ANTENA A POWER PLANT A DATA TERMINAL MTSO (MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE) : THE SWITCHING OFFICE, THE CONTROLL CO-ORDITING ELEMENT FOR ALL CELL SITES CONTAINTS THE CELLULAR PROCESSOR & CELLULAR SWITCH.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY •
HAND OFF : DURING A CELL, TWO PARTIES ARE ON THE VOICE CHANNEL. WHEN THE MOBILE UNIT MOVE OUT OF THE COVERAGE AREA OF A PARTICULAR CELL SITE, THE RECEPTION BECOMES WEAK. THE PRESENT CELL SITE REQUIST A HAND OFF. THE SYS SWITCHING THE CALL TO A NEW FREQ CHANNEL IN A NEW CELL SITE WITH OUT EITHER INTERRUPTING THE CALL OR ALERTING.
•
ROAMING :- ANOTHER ASPECTS OF MOBILE SERVICE IS ROAMING. IN WIRE LINE SERVICE A TELEPHONE IS ALWAYS PHISICALLY CONNECTED AT ONE PLACE IN THE NETWORK. IN CELLULAR NETWORK SYS A TELEPHONE MAY BE ANYWHERE WITH IN THE ASSIGNED AREA. THE SYS DESIGN IS ABLE TO ACCOMMODATE ALL OF THESE SITUATIONS GRACEFULLY. THAT IS THE ROAMING FACILITY.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY •
FREQ RE-USE : FREQ RE-USE IS DONE IN EITHER IN TIME DOMAIN OR IN SPACE DOMAINFREQ RE-USE IN TIME DOMAIN RESULT IN THE OCCUPATION OF THE SAME FREQ IN DIFFERENT TIME SLOTS KNOWN AS TDM. FREQ RE-USE IN SPACE DOMAIN RESULT IN :※ SAME FREQ ASSIGNED IN TWO DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL AREA, SUCH AS AM OR FM RADIO STN USING THE SAME FREQ IN DIFFERENT CITIES. ※ SAME FREQ REPEATED USED IN A SAME GENERAL AREA IN ONE SYS. THIS SCHEME IS USED IN CELLULAR SYS.
MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE (MTSO) THE SWITCH/COMP COMBINATION DESIGN FOR ANY CELLULAR SYS IS AS SHOWN IN THE BELOW FIGURE. AS THE NUMBER OF SUBSCRIBER INCREASES, THE CAPACITY EXISTING SWITCH IS REACHED. LINES TO LOCAL SUBSCRIBER
TRUNKS TO OUTER OFFICES
SWITCHING NETWORKING
SERVICE CIRCUIT SCANNER
PULSE DISTRIBUTOR DUPLICATED PROCESSOR
DUPLICATE
BILLING
MOBILE STATION THE TERM INCLUDES VEHICALE MOUNTED SUBSCRIBER UNIT AS WELL AS PORTABLE AND BRIEFCASE UNITS. A MOBILE UNIT (STATION) COMPRISES OF AN ANTEENA, A TX-RX AND A LOGIC UNIT IS DESIGNED TO PERFORM TOUR FUNCTIONS. •DATA RECEPTION 2. CONTROLL OF ENTIRE UNIT 3. GEN OF TONES & THE RINGING SIG 4. COMBINATION OF ALL THREE FUNCTION.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MOBILE STN ANT LOGIC UNIT
POWER AMP
FREQ SYNTH
RX UNIT SERIAL NO MODULE
DC POWER CONTROL
CONTROL UNIT/TEST
DUPLEXER
CELLULAR TELEPHONE THE MTSO (MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE ) IS THE HEART OF CELLULAR MOBILE TELEPHONE SYS. ITS PROCESSOR PROVIDED CENTRAL CO-ORDINATION AND CELLULAR ADMINISTRATION. THE CELLULAR THAT CAN BE EITHER ANALOG OR DIGITAL SWITCH CALL TO CONNECT TO MOBILE SUBSCRIBER TO OTHER MOBILE SUBSCRIBER AND TO THE NATION WIDE TELEPHONE NETWORK. IT ALSO CONTAINS DATA LINKS PROVIDING SUPERVISSION LINK BETWEEN PROCESSOR AND SWITCH. THE RADIO LINK PROVIDE VOICE AND SIGNALLING BETWEEN MOBILE STATION AND CELL SITE. THE HIGH SPEED DATA IS TRANSMITTED ON MICROWAVE.
FEATURES OF CELLULAR SYSTEM •
THE TOTAL OPERATING REGION IS DIVIDED ON TO SMALL AREAS CALLED CELL.
•
EACH CELL HAS A BASE STN WITH TX AND RX.
• LOWER POWER MOBILE SUBSCRIBER UNIT IS DESIGNED FOR THE SYSTEM. • THE SYS DESIGN PROVIDED FOR RE-USE OF CHANNEL. •
THE SYS PROVIDED FOR HAND OFF FACILITY.
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF MOBILE COMN BASIC CELLULAR SYSTEM : THE BASIC CELLULAR SYS ARE THREE PARTS. Ƶ A MOBILE UNITS ⊴ A CELL SITE ʚ A MOBILE TELE SWITCHING OFFICE MOBILE UNITS : ɻ A CONTROL. A TRANSMITTER A RECEIVER AN ANTEENA SYS
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF MOBILE COMN CELL SITE : Ƶ A CONTROLL UNIT ⊴ A RADIO CABINET ʚ AN ANTENA A POWER PLANT A DATA TERMINAL MTSO (MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE) : THE SWITCHING OFFICE, THE CONTROLL CO-ORDITING ELEMENT FOR ALL CELL SITES CONTAINTS THE CELLULAR PROCESSOR & CELLULAR SWITCH.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY •
HAND OFF : DURING A CELL, TWO PARTIES ARE ON THE VOICE CHANNEL. WHEN THE MOBILE UNIT MOVE OUT OF THE COVERAGE AREA OF A PARTICULAR CELL SITE, THE RECEPTION BECOMES WEAK. THE PRESENT CELL SITE REQUIST A HAND OFF. THE SYS SWITCHING THE CALL TO A NEW FREQ CHANNEL IN A NEW CELL SITE WITH OUT EITHER INTERRUPTING THE CALL OR ALERTING.
•
ROAMING :- ANOTHER ASPECTS OF MOBILE SERVICE IS ROAMING. IN WIRE LINE SERVICE A TELEPHONE IS ALWAYS PHISICALLY CONNECTED AT ONE PLACE IN THE NETWORK. IN CELLULAR NETWORK SYS A TELEPHONE MAY BE ANYWHERE WITH IN THE ASSIGNED AREA. THE SYS DESIGN IS ABLE TO ACCOMMODATE ALL OF THESE SITUATIONS GRACEFULLY. THAT IS THE ROAMING FACILITY.
IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY •
FREQ RE-USE : FREQ RE-USE IS DONE IN EITHER IN TIME DOMAIN OR IN SPACE DOMAINFREQ RE-USE IN TIME DOMAIN RESULT IN THE OCCUPATION OF THE SAME FREQ IN DIFFERENT TIME SLOTS KNOWN AS TDM. FREQ RE-USE IN SPACE DOMAIN RESULT IN :※ SAME FREQ ASSIGNED IN TWO DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL AREA, SUCH AS AM OR FM RADIO STN USING THE SAME FREQ IN DIFFERENT CITIES. ※ SAME FREQ REPEATED USED IN A SAME GENERAL AREA IN ONE SYS. THIS SCHEME IS USED IN CELLULAR SYS.
MOBILE TELEPHONE SWITCHING OFFICE (MTSO) THE SWITCH/COMP COMBINATION DESIGN FOR ANY CELLULAR SYS IS AS SHOWN IN THE BELOW FIGURE. AS THE NUMBER OF SUBSCRIBER INCREASES, THE CAPACITY EXISTING SWITCH IS REACHED. LINES TO LOCAL SUBSCRIBER
TRUNKS TO OUTER OFFICES
SWITCHING NETWORKING
SERVICE CIRCUIT SCANNER
PULSE DISTRIBUTOR DUPLICATED PROCESSOR
DUPLICATE
BILLING
MOBILE STATION THE TERM INCLUDES VEHICALE MOUNTED SUBSCRIBER UNIT AS WELL AS PORTABLE AND BRIEFCASE UNITS. A MOBILE UNIT (STATION) COMPRISES OF AN ANTEENA, A TX-RX AND A LOGIC UNIT IS DESIGNED TO PERFORM TOUR FUNCTIONS. •DATA RECEPTION 2. CONTROLL OF ENTIRE UNIT 3. GEN OF TONES & THE RINGING SIG 4. COMBINATION OF ALL THREE FUNCTION.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MOBILE STN ANT LOGIC UNIT
POWER AMP
FREQ SYNTH
RX UNIT SERIAL NO MODULE
DC POWER CONTROL
CONTROL UNIT/TEST
DUPLEXER
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