Micro Slide 06 Spore Forming Bacilli

Spore-Forming Bacilli Prof. Dr. Asem Shehabi

Faculty of Medicine

Jordan University

Spore Forming Bacilli • Gram+ve Spore-forming smalllLarge Bacilli .. AerobiclAnaerobic.. Survive Long Period in Dryness.. Common in Nature.. Soil, Dust, Vegetations, Human IAnimal Intestines, Feces & Waler.. Mostly

Saprophytes ..Few Pathogenic for

humans/Animals

• Aero~acit!j ~rQUPi • A) Bacillus cereus: Heat-stable Enterotoxin Toxins & specific hemolytic enzymes.. Contamination Food ( Rice, Meat).. Food-poisoning: Incubation Period.. 1-24 Hrs, Vomiting & Diarrhea, No Fever.. No Need for Antibiotic.

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Clostridia Bacilli f

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Aerobic Bacilli .. B) Bacillus subtllis: Opportunistic Pathogen.. Wound Infect ..Sepsis.. Infant.. Immunocompromid Patients.

.. C) Bacillus anthracis: Various potent exoloxins and specific enzymes.. Cutaneous Anthrax- Wound Infect, Hemonhagic Pneumonia & septicemia .. Inhalation. High Fatality.. Biological War Agent. .. Animal .. Intestinal Anthrax.. Highly Fatal. .. Culture Specimens: Skin Ulcer.. Rare Blood I Sputum .. Culture on Blood & Chocolate Agar

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Clostridia-1

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~~~ C~~lajrOUp; Exo & Enterotoxln8.. Heat·

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ogenouslnfectlon.. High Fatality

CJos1rjdium ~etani: Tetanus highly falal di8es&8 .. High rale .. ocahzed infection ..Release potent neufOlOlrin (tetanus toxin I tetanospasmin) produced when lpCM"" germinate and vegetative cells grow in wounds. The organl8m multiplies locally and symptoms appear remote from the

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Infection site. Trfltm,nt Surgical Debridement.. Antibiotics.. Tetanua

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• Lebofatory diagnosis: WOI.D:l specimens.. Damaged TI8&U88.. Gram-stain.. Culture

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Clostridia-2 Neonatal tetanus .. Fatal.. Common in developing countries.. failure of aseptic technique during the delivery of babies. • glostridium Derfrlngens & Othe~ S~j8S: asgangrene-Myonecrosls- Cellultis,~common cause of outbreaks of food-bome illness IFood­ PoisoninQ... Endo-Exo Infections.. Invasive & Toxingemc.. Enzymes (Collagenase, Hyaluronidase). • Treatment: Surgical Debridement! Amputation &

AntibIotics.

• Lab. Diagnosis: Gram-stain, Anaerobic Cu~ure speclmens, ASpirated Fluid Wound/Blood on Blood & Chocolate Agar.. Mostly mixed infection.

Clostridia-3 • C .botulinu~ Food-borne botulism is intoxication ::-lngesUon oloods that contain the preformed clostridial toxin.. Heat-$table ExotoxJns..20min 11 DOC. • Contamination Canned/Frozen Food .. Meat, Fish, Beans. o

Clinical sympt0llls of bot.YJ.li!lJ begin 18-36 hours after toxin ingestion with weakness, dizziness, dryness mouth, Nausea. Neurological features.. blurred vision, inability to swallow, difficulty in speech, weakness of skeletal muscles and res irato ara 5'5.. Inhibition the release of the neurotransmitter a r .. No Fever.. Specific anliloxin.. 0 a I C.

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Clostridia-4 • Cloatridjum dlmcU9: Human-Healthy Carriersl5--25%, common Nosocomial-Infection.. More eldery paoonlsnFollowing prolonged antibiotic treatment..Mostly 01<11 Liooomycin f Cllndymicin, Cephalosporines. AmpicininlAmoxcilin. • Produces two toxins: Toxin A it; entefotoxin .. causes f1ulde accumulation in the large Inteatine•.diantlea, Toxin B is an extremely lethal (cytopathic) toxin .• • Compbtion: Pseu:lornernbl-aIlOUS Colitis.. Bloody Dlannea.. AntibioticAssociated diarIDe8.. Long Treatment. Fatal.. Treatment Stop Antibiotics.. • IdentifICation 01 Toms in Siool Specimen I culture & peR for detection lo~n5.

Cotton swab-Needle and syringe

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