Methods For Solving Thermo Problems
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130.112 Thermal Sciences
1
Thermodynamics Solution Guidelines
1
A Methodology for Solving Thermodynamics Problems 1. Identify important information in the problem statement (and diagram if there is one): • highlight key words • highlight given state information • summarize state information beside your schematic diagram 2. Understand the problem by asking yourself key questions about it: • What is the substance? – pure substance? (Water or R-134a?) → use property tables – ideal gas? → use ideal gas equation of state and constant specific heats – liquid or solid? → constant v • What is the solution domain or device? – control mass? – control volume? – heat engine, heat pump, refrigeration system, thermal reservoir? – turbine, pump, compressor, heat exchanger, condenser, boiler, evaporator, nozzle, diffuser, duct, etc.? • What is the process (or what are the processes)? – special process (constant v, T , h, s, or P )? – polytropic (P V n = C)? – special energy flows (e.g. work or heat are zero)? – special cycle? • What are the state definitions? – what states are defined? – what information (re: state properties) is needed? • What equations will be needed? – First Law? – conservation of mass? – Second Law (related to keywords: reversible, ideal, possible/impossible)? – special equations for boundary work? – special equations relating two states?
W06
L03/B03
Page 1 of 2
130.112 Thermal Sciences
2
Thermodynamics Solution Guidelines
2
A Format for Presenting Thermodynamics Problem Solutions 1. Schematic and Given Data: • Draw a sketch of the system to be considered. • Identify the system and indicate the system boundary. • Label the diagram with relevant information. • Indicate energy flows (follow sign convention). 2. Properties: Record the relevant properties required for the analysis. 3. Process Representation: Sketch a graph of the process representation. If necessary, complete the sketch as the analysis proceeds. 4. Assumptions: Briefly state relevant simplifying assumptions needed to model the system. 5. Analysis: Complete the solution by introducing additional information needed, such as: • conservation laws • definitions • additional properties required for the analysis • additional assumptions as needed (clearly stated) 6. Comments: Add your own brief discussion or interpretation as necessary (may be optional).
W06
L03/B03
Page 2 of 2
1
Thermodynamics Solution Guidelines
1
A Methodology for Solving Thermodynamics Problems 1. Identify important information in the problem statement (and diagram if there is one): • highlight key words • highlight given state information • summarize state information beside your schematic diagram 2. Understand the problem by asking yourself key questions about it: • What is the substance? – pure substance? (Water or R-134a?) → use property tables – ideal gas? → use ideal gas equation of state and constant specific heats – liquid or solid? → constant v • What is the solution domain or device? – control mass? – control volume? – heat engine, heat pump, refrigeration system, thermal reservoir? – turbine, pump, compressor, heat exchanger, condenser, boiler, evaporator, nozzle, diffuser, duct, etc.? • What is the process (or what are the processes)? – special process (constant v, T , h, s, or P )? – polytropic (P V n = C)? – special energy flows (e.g. work or heat are zero)? – special cycle? • What are the state definitions? – what states are defined? – what information (re: state properties) is needed? • What equations will be needed? – First Law? – conservation of mass? – Second Law (related to keywords: reversible, ideal, possible/impossible)? – special equations for boundary work? – special equations relating two states?
W06
L03/B03
Page 1 of 2
130.112 Thermal Sciences
2
Thermodynamics Solution Guidelines
2
A Format for Presenting Thermodynamics Problem Solutions 1. Schematic and Given Data: • Draw a sketch of the system to be considered. • Identify the system and indicate the system boundary. • Label the diagram with relevant information. • Indicate energy flows (follow sign convention). 2. Properties: Record the relevant properties required for the analysis. 3. Process Representation: Sketch a graph of the process representation. If necessary, complete the sketch as the analysis proceeds. 4. Assumptions: Briefly state relevant simplifying assumptions needed to model the system. 5. Analysis: Complete the solution by introducing additional information needed, such as: • conservation laws • definitions • additional properties required for the analysis • additional assumptions as needed (clearly stated) 6. Comments: Add your own brief discussion or interpretation as necessary (may be optional).
W06
L03/B03
Page 2 of 2
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