Measuring And Using Numbers: Kpli Science Minor Lesson Notes By Sylvester Saimon Simin Smd, Kttc

Measuring and Using Numbers KPLI SCIENCE MINOR LESSON NOTES BY SYLVESTER SAIMON SIMIN SMD, KTTC

What?

SSS_JSM_MPKS

2

• • • • • • • • • •

Able to count and compare quantity of items in different groups Able to recognize the pattern from a table of numbers Using numbers to record phenomenon Using scales and explaining ratios Compare objects using numbers Using measuring tools correctly Recording unit correctly Choosing and using standard unit Comparing time, distance, area and volume with relevant units Determining the accuracy in measurements

SSS_JSM_MPKS

3

KUANTITI ASAS FIZIKAL (BASIC PHYSICAL QUANTITIES) Physical Quantity (Basic)

Quantity Symbol

Unit

Unit symbol

Length Mass Time Temperature Electrical current

l m t T I

Meter Kilogram Second Kelvin Ampere

m kg s K A

KUANTITI TERBITAN (DERIVED PHYSICAL QUANTITIES) Area, Volume, Velocity, Acceleration, Density

SSS_JSM_MPKS

4

PREFIXES (For quantities larger or smaller than the basic unit) Systeme Internationale d’Unites (International System of Units) or SI PREFIX

SYMBOL

VALUE

Tera Giga Mega Kilo Hecto * Deca * Deci Centi Mili Mikro Nano Piko

T G M k h da d c m µ n p

1012 109 106 103 102 101 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-6 10-9 10-12

SSS_JSM_MPKS

* Not frequently used 5

EXERCISES 10 decimeter = _____ 100 centimeter = ______ 1000 millimeters 1 meter = _____

1/100 or 0.01 1/1000 or 0.001 1/10 or 0.1 1 mm = _____________ m = ____________ dm = _____________ cm

SSS_JSM_MPKS

6

If you want to measure… Long distances (eg. City to city)

Average distances (eg. One step, football field) Short distances (eg. Width of a finger, a step) Very small distances (eg. Width of a fingernail)

You should use a … • metric odometer • map with a metric scale • metric stick • metric tape • metric measuring wheel

• metric ruler

And measure in … kilometers (km)

meters (m)

centimeters (cm)

• metric ruler • Vernier callipers • Micrometer screw gauge

SSS_JSM_MPKS

millimeters (mm)

7

If you want to measure… Mass of relatively large objects (eg. A boulder)

Mass of relatively small objects (eg. Coin)

Very small masses (eg. Pills, tablets)

You should use a … • a scale or compare with known masses

And measure in … kilograms (kg)

•Triple beam balance

• equal-arm balance • triple beam balance • a very sensitive equalarm balance

SSS_JSM_MPKS

grams (g)

milligrams (mg)

8

If you want to measure… Volume of relatively large amounts of liquid (eg. Large cans of paints) Volume of relatively small amounts of liquid (eg. Tiny bottles of perfume) Volume of relatively large solids or amounts of space (eg. Load of lumber, a room)

You should use a … • liter measure

• cylinder • beaker • graduated cylinder in milliliters

And measure in … liters (L)

milliliters (mL)

•v = l x h x w • amount of water the solid displaces

Volume of relatively •v = l x h x w small solids or amounts • amount of water the of space solid displaces using (eg. A rock sample, air in graduated measurer a small area)

SSS_JSM_MPKS

cubic meters (m3)

cubic centimeters (cm3)

9