Mc Fertilizers

MC : Fertilizers and Molar Volume Calculations

Multiple Choice Questions : Fertilizers and Molar Volume Calculations

1984 1. 2.4 g of carbon is burnt completely to form carbon dioxide at room temperature and pressure. What is the volume of carbon dioxide formed? (C = 12; Molar Volume of a gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3) A. B. C. D. E.

2.24 dm3 2.40 dm3 4.48 dm3 4.80 dm3 7.60 dm3

ammonium sulphate ammonium carbonate potassium bromide potassium sulphite zinc sulphate

3. Which of the following species is not present in aqueous ammonia? A. B. C. D. E.

A. 0.6 dm3 B. 1.2 dm3 C. 2.4 dm3 D. 4.8 dm3 5. Assuming that the effectiveness of a nitrogen-containing fertilizer is proportional to its nitrogen content, which of the following compounds would be most effective as a fertilizer? (N=14.0) A. B. C. D.

Relative Molcular Mass CO(NH2)2 60 NH4NO3 80 KNO3 101 (NH4)2SO4 132

6. Nitrogen does not react readily with other elements or compounds.

2. Compound X is a white solid. When X is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution, an alkaline gas is evolved. When a solution of X is added to barium chloride solution, a white precipitate is formed which does not dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid. X is probably A. B. C. D. E.

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H2O(l) OH–(aq) NH4+(aq) NH3(aq) NH4OH(aq)

1987 4. What volume of oxygen, measured at room temperature and pressure, is obtained when 0.1 mole of potassium nitrate is completely decomposed by heat? (Molar Volume of a gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3) [2KNO3(s) → 2KNO2(s) + O2(g)]

The outermost electron shell of the nitrogen atom is completely filled. 7. In ammonia, the mass of nitrogen is three times that of hydrogen. For every nitrogen atom present in the ammonia molecule there are three hydrogen atoms.

1988 8. 1.4 g of ethene is completely burnt in excess oxygen. What is the volume of carbon dioxide obtained at room temperature and pressure? (Molar volume of a gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dm3; Relative atomic masses : H=1, C=12, O=16) A. B. C. D.

0.6 dm3 1.2 dm3 2.4 dm3 4.8 dm3

1990 9. Which of the following contains the largest number of atoms at room temperature and pressure?

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(H=1, N=14, Cl=35.5 Molar Vol. of gas at r.t.p.= 24 dm3) A. 2 mol of ammonia gas B. 3 mol of nitrogen gas C. 7 g of hydrogen gas D. 90 cm3 of hydrogen chloride gas 10. What volume of 0.5 M sulphuric acid is required to liberate 4.8 dm3 of carbon dioxide at room temperature and pressure from excess solid sodium hydrogencarbonate? (Molar Volume of a gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3) A. B. C. D.

oxygen to form an oxide in which the oxidation number of X is +3. What is the relative atomic mass of X? (Relative atomic mass: O = 16) A. 11.6 B. 34.7 C. 52.0 D. 104 15. Solid X undergoes complete thermal dissociation according to the following equation: X(s) → Y(g) + Z(s) On heating 4.90 g of solid X, 1.40 dm3 of gas Y and 2.30 g of solid Z are obtained at room temperature and pressure. What is the relative molecular mass of Y? (Molar Volume of a gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3)

3

0.2 dm 0.4 dm3 2.0 dm3 4.0 dm3

11. Zinc does not liberate hydrogen gas from a 0.5 M nitric acid solution because A. zinc is an unreactive metal. B. nitric acid is an oxidizing agent. C. the concentration of hydrogen ions in the nitric acid is too low. D. a layer of oxide film is formed on the surface of zinc to prevent further reaction. 12. After a thunderstorm, rainwater is often found to contain nitric acid. Which of the following reactions occurs during a lightning flash to bring about the subsequent formation of nitric acid? A. Nitrogen reacts with oxygen. B. Nitrogen monoxide reacts with oxygen. C. Nitrogen monoxide reacts with rainwater. D. Nitrogen dioxide reacts with rainwater. 13. Nitric acid can be prepared by heating concentrated sulphuric acid with a metal nitrate because nitric acid is A. B. C. D.

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volatile. monobasic. a strong acid. an oxidizing agent.

A. B. C. D.

32.0 39.4 44.6 84.0

16. Which of the following oxidation numbers can nitrogen display in its compounds? (1) (2) (3) (4)

–3 +2 +3 +4

A. B. C. D.

(1) and (4) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (4) only (1), (2), (3) and (4)

17. Which of the following methods can be used to produce ammonia? (1) Heating ammonium carbonate (2) Heating a mixture of ammonium sulphate and calcium oxide (3) Mixing 1 volume of nitrogen and 3 volumes of hydrogen at room temperature and pressure. A. B. C. D.

(1) and (2) only (1) nand (3) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

1991 14. 2.60 g of a metal X combine with 1.20 g of

1992

MC : Fertilizers and Molar Volume Calculations

18. 0.01 mol of C2H5OH is burnt completely in oxygen. What are the numbers of moles of carbon dioxide and water formed respectively? carbon dioxide water A. 0.01 0.03 B. 0.02 0.03 C. 0.02 0.06 D. 0.04 0.06 19. Which of the following products are formed when nitrogen dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide solution? (1) sodium nitrite (2) sodium nitrate (3) nitrogen monoxide A. B. C. D.

(1) and (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

20. Which of the following can be used to distinguish between dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute nitric acid? (1) copper (2) carbon powder (3) calcium carbonate A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (2) only (2) and (3) only

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B. Ag + 4H+ + 4NO3– →Ag++4NO2+O2+2H2O C. 3Ag + 4HNO3 → 3AgNO3+NO+2H2 D. Ag + 4HNO3 → AgNO3+3NO2+2H2O 22. What is the percentage by mass of silver in the coin? A. B. C. D.

45 60 75 90

23. Which of the following solids can be purified using the above set-up? fu n n el

p u re s o lid

e v a p o ra tin g b a s in

im p u re s o lid

H EAT

A. B. C. D.

potassium iodide ammonium chloride lead(II) bromide sodium hydrogencarbonate

24. A flash of lightning causes nitrogen monoxide to be formed in the air. Lightning provides sufficient energy for nitrogen to react with oxygen in the air.

1994 1993 Directions: Q.21 and Q.22 A silver coin, with a mass of 12.00 g, was dissolved completely in concentrated nitric acid. When excess potassium chloride solution was added to the resulting solution, 14.35 g of a white precipitate were obtained. (Ag = 108, Cl = 35.5) 21. Which of the following equations correctly represents the reaction between silver and concentrated nitric acid? A. Ag + 2H+ + NO3– → Ag++NO2+H2O

25. On strong heating, a solid X decomposes to give a solid residue and a brown gas. The solid residue can react with concentrated nitric acid with evolution of a brown gas. X is probably A. B. C. D.

AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 NaNO3 Zn(NO3)2

26. At room temperature and pressure, the molar volume of oxygen gas is greater than that of hydrogen gas.

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The relative atomic mass of oxygen is greater than that of hydrogen.

1995 27. Which of the following fertilizers contains the largest percentage by mass of nitrogen? (H=1.0 N=14.0 O=16.0 Na=23.0 S=32.0 Cl=35.5 K=39.0) A. ammonium chloride B. ammonium sulphate C. potassium nitrate D. sodium nitrate 28. Compound X is a white solid. When X is warmed with sodium hydroxide solution, a gas is evolved which turns moist red litmus paper blue. When chlorine water is added to an aqueous solution of X, a brown solution is formed. X is probably A. B. C. D.

ammonium bromide ammonium chloride sodium bromide sodium chloride

29. Which of the following is a common use of ammonium nitrate? A. B. C. D.

to cure plant diseases to retard the growth of weeds to increase crop yield to neutralize acidic soil

Directions: Q.30 and Q.31 refer to the following chemical equation: Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g) 30. Which of the following statement is/are correct? (1) Carbon monoxide is an oxidizing agent. (2) The oxidation number of carbon changes from +2 to +4. (3) The oxidation number of iron changes from +2 to 0. A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

31. What volume of carbon dioxide, measured at room temperature and pressure, is produced if 224 g of iron are formed? (Fe = 56; molar volume of gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3) A. B. C. D.

16 dm3 36 dm3 72 dm3 144 dm3

1996 32. In an experiment, 1.60 g of sulphur are burnt completely in air to form sulphur dioxide. What volume of sulphur dioxide, measured at room temperature and pressure, is formed? (S = 32; Molar Volume of a gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3) A. B. C. D.

0.6 dm3 1.2 dm3 2.4 dm3 12.0 dm3

33. Which of the following statements concerning one mole of nitrogen gas is/are correct? (1) It has a mass of 14.0 g. (2) It occupies the same volume as 4.0 g of helium gas at room temperature and pressure. (3) It contains 6.02 x 1023 atoms of nitrogen. (He=4 N=14; Avogadro constant = 6.02×1023 mol–1) A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

34. N step 1 NH step 2 NO step 3 NO step 4 HNO 3 2 2 3 Which step in the above flow chart involves

MC : Fertilizers and Molar Volume Calculations

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the largest change in oxidation number of nitrogen?

largest volume at room temperature and pressure?

A. B. C. D.

(H=1, C=12, N=14, O=16 Molar Vol. of gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3)

step 1 step 2 step 3 step 4

35. Under certain conditions, 60 cm3 of a gaseous compound, NxOy, decompose completely to give 60 cm3 of nitrogen gas and 30 cm3 of oxygen gas. (All gas volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure). Which of the following combinations is correct? x y A. 1 1 B. 1 2 C. 2 1 D. 2 3 36. One mole of each of the following compounds is burnt completely in oxygen. Which compound requires the greatest volume of oxygen, measured at the same temperature and pressure, for complete combustion? A. B. C. D.

carbon monoxide ethane ethene ethanol

37. A gardener bought a bag of potassium nitrate and a bag of ammonium sulphate, to be used as fertilizers. He forgot to label the bags. Which of the following tests would enable him to distinguish between the two chemicals? A. Heating each chemical with dil. sulphuric acid B. Heating each chemical with sodium chloride solution C. Heating each chemical with potassium hydroxide solution D. Heating each chemical with acidified potassium dichromate solution

1997 38. Which of the following gases occupies the

A. B. C. D.

1.0 g of ammonia 2.0 g of nitrogen 3.0 g of oxygen 4.0 g of carbon dioxide

39. Which of the following statements concerning the Haber Process is incorrect? A. Iron is used as a catalyst in the process. B. The reaction involved in the process is reversible. C. The reaction involved in the process is exothermic D. The process is performed at one atmospheric pressure.

40. What mass of copper is obtained when 0.40 mole of copper(II) oxide are completely reduced by carbon? (Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0 Cu = 63.5) A. B. C. D.

12.7 g 15.9 g 25.4 g 31.8 g

41. Dilute ammonia solution is used in domestic glass cleaners because (1) it can saponify grease. (2) it is non-corrosive. (3) it contains ammonium ions which can emulsify grease. Which of the above statements is/are correct? A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

42. Which of the following substances would react with sodium hydroxide solution? (1) ammonium chloride solution

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(2) copper(II) sulphate solution (3) ethanoic acid A. B. C. D.

(1) and (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) nad (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

43. Which of the following elements are essential for plant growth? (1) (2) (3) (4)

potassium phosphorus silicon nitrogen

A. B. C. D.

(1), (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (4) only (1), (3) and (4) only (2), (3) and (4) only

44. Which of the following substances are used to produce nitric acid in industry? (1) (2) (3) (4)

air water nitrogen ammonia

A. B. C. D.

(1), (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (4) only (1), (3) and (4) only (2), (3) and (4) only

45. One mole of sulphur atoms has a mass twice that of one mole of oxygen atoms. Which of the following statements is /are correct? (1) 2 g of sulphur and 1 g of oxygen each occupy the same volume at room temperature and pressure. (2) 2 g of sulphur and 1 g of oxygen each contain the same number of atoms. (3) The number of atoms contained in one mole of sulphur is twice that contained in one mole of oxygen. A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

1998 46. 7.5 g of calcium carbonate is added to 50.0 cm3 of 2M hydrochloric acid. What is the volume of carbon dioxide liberated at room temperature and pressure? (Relative atomic masses : C=12.0, O=16.0, Ca=40.0; molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24.0 dm3) A. B. C. D.

0.9 dm3 1.2 dm3 1.8 dm3 2.4 dm3

47. One mole of water occupies the same volume as one mole of carbon dioxide at room temperature and pressure. One mole of water contains the same number of atoms as one mole of carbon dioxide. 48. The following information is related to the manufacture of ammonia : N2(g) + 3H2(g) ¾ 2NH3(g) ∆H < 0 Which of the following statements can be deduced from the above information? (1) Heat is liberated when ammonia is formed. (2) Ammonia decomposes to give nitrogen and hydrogen in the reaction chamber. (3) A catalyst should be used. A. B. C. D.

(1) and (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

49. Which of the following experiments would produce sulphur dioxide? (1) heating iron pyrites in air (2) heating a mixture of iron and dilute sulphuric acid (3) heating a mixture of copper and concentrated sulphuric acid A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

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C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 54. Which of the following processes requires a catalyst? 1999 50. Substance X gives identical product(s) when treated with dilute sulphuric acid or concentrated sulphuric acid. X may be A. B. C. D.

zinc. cane sugar. ammonia. hydrated copper(II) sulphate crystals.

51. At room temperature and pressure, 8.0 g of oxygen and 20.0 g of gas X occupy the same volume. What is the molar mass of X? (Relative atomic masses : O=16.0; molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24.0 dm3) A. 20.0 g B. 40.0 g C. 60.0 g D. 80.0 g 52. Adding potassium nitrate to soil can increase crop yield. Potassium nitrate can provide the essential elements for plant growth.

A. preparation of ethyl ehanoate from ethanoic acid and ethanol B. conversion of sulphur trioxide to concentrated sulphuric acid C. manufacture of chlorine bleach from brine D. reduction of iron(III) oxide to iron 55. In an experiment, 21.8 g of zinc was treated with 250.0 cm3 of 2.0 M hydrochloric acid. What volume of hydrogen was liberated at room temperature and pressure? (Relative atomic masses : Zn=65.4; molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24.0 dm3) A. B. C. D.

4.0 dm3 6.0 dm3 8.0 dm3 12.0 dm3

56. Which of the following compounds would react with ammonium chloride on heating? A. B. C. D.

concentrated nitric acid concentrated hydrochloric acid sodium hydroxide solution magnesium sulphate solution

2000 53. Manufacturing ammonia by the Haber process involves the reversible reaction: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ¾ 2NH3(g) Which of the following statements concerning the process is INCORRECT? A. The forward reaction can go to completion if iron powder is used as a catalyst. B. The optimum conditions for the process are 500oC and 200 atm. C. The raw materials are derived from air and water. D. The forward reaction and backward reaction occur simultaneously.

57. Which of the following uses of sulphuric acid is/are correct? (1) manufacture of soaps (2) manufacture of paint additives (3) manufacture of fertilizers A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

58. Some concentrated sulphuric acid was poured into a sink connected to a carchpot made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). After some time, the catchpot became deformed. Which of the following explanations for the

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deformation of the catchpot is/are correct? (1) The heat liberated when the concentrated sulphuric acid mixed with the water in the catchpot caused PVC to soften. (2) PVC was decomposed into its monomers by the concentrated sulphuric acid. (3) PVC was oxidized by the concentrated sulphuric acid. A. B. C. D.

(1) only (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only

59. Which of the following statements concerning carbon, silicon and phosphorus are correct? (1) Carbon forms numerous compounds with hydrogen and oxygen. (2) Silicon is used to make computer chips. (3) Phosphorus is an essential element for plant growth. A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1), (2) and (3) 60. Which of the following statements concerning sulphur dioxide are correct? (1) It can be prepared by heating copper turnings with concentrated sulphuric acid. (2) It is denser than air. (3) It can be absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution. A. B. C. D.

(1) and (2) only (1) and (3) only (2) and (3) only (1), (2) and (3)

61. The volume of 10.0 g of gaseous carbon dioxide is the same as the volume of 10.0 g of solid carbon dioxide. 10.0 g of gaseous carbon dioxide contains the same number of molecules as 10.0 g of solid carbon dioxide.

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