Material Science > Regenerated Manmade Fibre

Regenerated manmade fibre

Efforts by…. Rahul Sunil Anant

• Fibers are natural or chemical structures that can be spun into yarns. Yarns then can be weaved, knitted, or bonded into fabrics. Fiber properties and behavior are directly related to fabric performance and care. Learning about fibers and their characteristics will help you to understand fabrics better.

• Four major natural fibers and 23 man-made fibers are available. Natural fibers come from plants and animals. The plant fibers---cotton and linen---are made of cellulose. Animal fibers, silk and wool, are made of protein. • Two classes of man-made fibers are those adapted from cellulose (cellulosic) and those made entirely of chemicals (noncellulosic). Noncellulosic man-made fibers often are called synthetics.

• Each fiber is identified by a generic name. The Textile Fiber Products Identification Act that officially established the generic fiber classifications became effective in 1960. All fibers (natural or man-made), yarns, fabrics, and household textile articles (includes articles of wearing apparel, draperies, floorcoverings, furnishings, beddings, and other textiles customarily used in a household), are covered by this Act. • In addition to generic names, there are hundreds of trade names or trademarks. A trade name or trademark is the word or symbol used by fiber producers to distinguish their products from the products of other manufacturers.

NATURAL FIBERS Cotton, Linen, Silk, and Wool MAN-MADE FIBERS Cellulosic

Synthetic

Acetate

Acrylic

Nytril

Rayon

Anidex

Olefin

Triacetate

Aramid

PBI

 

Azlon

Polyester

 

Glass

Rubber

 

Lastrile

Saran

 

Metallic

Spandex

 

Modacrylic

Sulfar

 

Novoloid

Vinal

 

Nylon

Vinyon

Acetate  Trademark  names:  Airloft,  Celebrate ,Chromsp un,  Estron 

Silk-like, soft,  and  drapable.  Most must be dryBlouses, dresses,  Relatively  cleaned. If  foundation  fast  washable, use gentle  garments, lingerie,  drying.  cycle, mild  linings, shirts,  Shrink and  detergent, and warm  slacks, and  moth  water. Drip dry and  sportswear. Found in  resistant.  press with low  fabrics such as  Sensitive  temperature on  brocade, crepe,  to heat,  wrong side while  double knit, faille,  silverfish,  damp. Use a fabric  jersey, lace, satin,  mildew,  softener to reduce  taffeta, tricot, and in  and  static cling. Can lose  blends with other  acetone  body during  man-made fibers. (nail  laundering process. polish  remover).

N AT U RA L  FI BE RS

Characteristics

Uses

Care

C o tt o n

Strong, absorbent,  comfortable, and versatile.  Wrinkles easily. May  shrink unless treated.  Sensitive to mildew and to  silverfish.

Blouses, dresses, shirts,  sportswear, underwear, diapers,  towels, curtains, and upholstery.  Found in fabrics such as  broadcloth, poplin, terry,  corduroy, seersucker, and denim.  Found in fabric blends with manmade and other natural fibers.

Machine wash in hot water for  white and warm water for colored  fabrics. Many brightly colored  cottons have dyes that may bleed  in wash water or rub off during  wearing. To help control dye loss,  wash separately. Press at high  temperature while damp.

Li n e n

Very absorbent, strong,  and durable. Sometimes  stiff and wrinkles easily.  Generally resists insects.  Sensitive to mildew.

Blouses, dresses, suits, draperies,  and table linens. Found in light-,  medium-, and heavy-weight  woven fabrics.

Most must be dry-cleaned. If  preshrunk, can be laundered in  hot water; press at high  temperature while very damp.

S il k

Strong, absorbent, soft,  and lightweight. Resists  soil and wrinkling.  Sensitive to perspiration,  moths, and beetles. Some  silks may water spot.

Most must be dry-cleaned. If  Blouses, dresses, suits, scarves,  washable, use cool temperatures  and lingerie. Found in fabrics such  and mild detergent. Press on  as crepe, brocade, satin, and  wrong side while damp, using cool  taffeta. temperature. Do not use chlorine  bleach.

W o o l

A natural insulator, can be  easily molded and shaped,  absorbent, resilient, and  wrinkle-resistant.  Sensitive to mildew,  moths, and beetles.

Sweaters, socks, sportswear,  dresses, suits, blankets, and  carpets. Found in light-, medium-,  and heavy-weight, woven,  nonwoven, and knit fabrics.

Most must be dry-cleaned. If  machine washable, use warm  water and tumble dry. If hand  washable, use mild suds and cool  water; block flat to dry. Do not  use chlorine bleach.

Rayon  Trademark  names:  Avril,  BeauGrip,  Courcel,  Durvil,  Zantrel 

Highly  absorbent,  Blouses, coats, dresses,  soft,  jackets, lingerie,  comfortable,  linings, millinery,  and  draperies, rainwear,  drapable.  slacks, sport shirts,  Some rayons  sportswear, suits, ties,  wrinkle  work clothes, and  easily and  upholstery. Found in a  become  range of woven and  weak when  nonwoven apparel and  wet.  home furnishing  Sensitive to  fabrics. mildew and  silverfish.

Follow care label  instructions precisely.  Some rayons may need  to be dry-cleaned.  Some are washable  but do not wring or  twist. Drip dry and  press on wrong side  while damp.

Triacetate  Trademark  name:  Arnel 

Drapable. Resists  Dresses, skirts,  shrinking, stretching,  sportswear,  and wrinkling. Low  draperies, and  strength. Sensitive to  upholstery. Also,  heat, mildew,  found in blends  silverfish, and acetone  with other man(nail polish remover). made fibers.

Machine wash using  gentle cycle, mild  detergent, and  warm water. Drip  dry or machine dry  at low temperature.

Trademarks