Map Design
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Map Design
Extracted from Peter H. Dana
Reasons for Maps • Tool for Way finding – Maps – Charts
• Presentation of Spatial Information – Reference – Thematic
• • • •
Exploration of Spatial Data Record of Spatial Data Record of Property Ownership Propaganda Medium
Cartographic Models (Robinson)
Reality
Geographical Information
Map
One Way: Reality to Map Image
Map Maker Map
Data Map User
Two Way: Map Maker and Map User
Map Image
Cartographic Models (Muehrcke)
Physical Reality Map Interpretation
Data Collection
Mapper’s Reality Map Reading And Analysis
Cartographic Abstraction
Map
Map User’s Reality
Design Approaches • Map Author? – Responsible for theme
• Map Designer? – Responsible for conception
• Map Maker? – Responsible for technical production
• Collaboration
Design Issues • Content – Reference, Theme
• Visual Levels – Foreground, Background
• Balance and Contrast – Emphasis and dominance
• Basic Shapes – Composition Size and Shape
• Map Symbols – Hierarchy
• Colors – What and Why?
• Text – Where and How?
Figure and Ground
Figure and Ground
Foreground/Background Colors • Warm Colors – Red, Orange, Yellow – Advancing Colors
• Cool Colors – Violet, Blue, Green – Retreating Colors
Advancing and Retreating Colors
Which shapes are above and which below?
Color Contrast • Color Figure and Ground • Yellow on Black (best) • Yellow on White • Red on Green (worst) • Legibility • Black on Yellow (best) • Yellow on Black • Red on Green (worst)
Color Contrasts Best Figure And Ground?
Best Legibility?
Worst Figure And Ground?
Worst Legibility?
Balance
+ X
Visual Center Actual Center
Balance
Map Map
Paper
Unequal Top And Bottom Margins
Contrast in BW and Color
Simultaneous Contrast
Perceived Saturation
Small Area
Large Area
Lines on Backgrounds
Keep Large Area Colors Light and with Low Intensity (Saturation)
Map Orientation
Portrait
Landscape
Aspect Ratio
3:6
Aspect Ratio
3:5
Aspect Ratio
3:4
Quiz (?) • • • •
Next slide Letters Note the first letter you see Write it down
D
S
C
W
Q
V
E
F
B
R
G
N
T
H
M
Y
J
M
U
K
L
I
O
P
Focus Most Important?
Less Important?
Less Important?
Least Important?
Primary Visual Variables • • • • • •
Orientation Size Shape Value Hue, Chroma Texture
Primary Visual Variables
(Jacques Bertin)
Map Composition • • • • • • • • • • •
Paper Borders and Neat lines Titles Legends Scale Directional Symbols Source, Projection, Datum Grids and Graticules Credits Place Names Map Symbols
Border and Neatline
Paper Edge
Map Composition Border
Neatline
Neatline
Title
Choropleth Map Comparison
Other Text Choropleth Map Comparison
Equal Interval
Equal Area
6
47000
6
48000
6
49000
6
50000
51000
6
53000
6
54000
D
55000
D
6282
7036
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6
56000
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yon an
6623
N 6834
Bo at
3813
D
6623
A
G
D
E
D
40
5671
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D
39000
o
D
n
D
40000
ley D
D
C
5018
al
R
D
3592
D
39000
57000
6703
D
V
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115°15'0"W
NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
6
3334
ng
D
Lo
40000
115°17'30"W
(BLACK HILLS) 6 2957 III52000 SE
EP SHE
6
40
CORN CREEK SPRINGS QUADRANGLE NEVADA-CLARK CO. 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
STATE OF NEVADA NEVADA BUREAU OF MINES AND GEOLOGY
115°20'0"W
29 57
) W SW S III LS 57 HIL 29 K C LA (B
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
II\( H A 1:6 YF 25 OR 00 D P
E A K)
Explanatory Elements n
y
C 5043
Spo
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D
6778
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D
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ny
37000
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3002 4602
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D
40
35000 4215
40
35000
40
34000
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27000
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R
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
650000
(TULE6SPRINGS PARK) 52000 2956 IV SE
651000
115°20'0"W *
1 "
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum
Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
15°0' 267 MILS
655000
0
1
1
657000
ROAD CLASSIFICATION Primary highway hard surface......
2
115°15'0"W
D
1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 20-FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
9000
THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS FOR SALE BY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER, COLORADO 80225 OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
Light-duty road, hard or improved surface...... Unimproved Road.....
Secondary highway hard surface......
1
MILES 10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
1 UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
656000
115°17'30"W
KILOMETERS METERS 0
0.5
FEET
"
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines
1°0' 18 MILS
654000
SCALE 1:24,000
MN
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
653000
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2 -,
D Interstate Route
/
U.S. Route
1
State Route
) W S K A E W P IS SS 5 6 A 29
(G
648000
(G
A P E 29 V IN 56 E IV S S PR W IN
G )
647000
CORN CREEK SPRINGS, NEV. NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
N3622.5-W11515/7.5
1974 AMS 2956 IV NE-SERIES V896
Created in ArcGIS 8 using ArcMap
Legend Details 3023
D
40
28000
D
2892
D
2921
D
2842
40
27000
D
36°22'30"N
6
6
53000
6
54000
6
55000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
1
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ANDARDS
2092 ILABLE ON REQUEST
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2 -,
Light-duty road, hard or improved surface...... Unimproved Road.....
D Interstate Route
/
U.S. Route
1
) SW AK W PE I S S 6 AS 295
S 9
10000
115°15'0"W (G
Primary highway hard surface...... Secondary highway hard surface......
1 9000
57000
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
2
8000
6
56000
115°17'30"W
State Route
CORN CREEK SPRINGS, NEV. NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
N3622.5-W11515/7.5
1974 AMS 2956 IV NE-SERIES V896
Created in ArcGIS 8 using ArcMap
Scale Details 2813
D
BM 2779
D
2892
2721
D
2842
D
BM 2822
BM 310
6
49000
^
' ILS
GN
6
(TULE652000 SPRINGS PARK) 2956 IV SE
6
50000
51000
115°20'0"W *
1
ND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH ON AT CENTER OF SHEET
6
53000
6
54000
55000
115°17'30"W
SCALE 1:24,000
MN
15°0' 267 MILS
6
0
1
KILOMETERS
1
2
METERS 0
0.5
1
MILES
D
1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
FEET
1
CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 20-FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS FOR SALE BY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER, COLORADO 80225 OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek S 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Sp 7 Tule Springs 8 Gass Peak S
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRAN
2892
D
Location Index Details 2842
D
NGS PARK) IV SE
653000
654000
655000
656000
115°17'30"W
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
24,000
TERS
1
Primary highway hard surface...... Secondary highway hard surface......
2
RS 1
S 5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
T
RVAL 40 FEET
NT 20-FOOT CONTOURS RTICAL DATUM OF 1929
AL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS OLOGICAL SURVEY R RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
1
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2-,
Light impro Unim
D Interstate Route
/
U.S
CORN CREEK SP
NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS
N3622.5-W115
1974
AMS 2956 IV NE-SE
2
D
Directional Indicator Details BM 2779
2721
2851
D
D
BM 2822
BM 310
647000
648000
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
650000
651000
115°20'0"W MN
*
1
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA "
Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines
Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
"
1°0' 18 MILS
15°0' 267 MILS
1 D
1000
0
1000
UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
D
THIS MAP
DEN
Datum and Projection Details
BM 2779
2851
D
40
27000 BM 2822
36°22'30"N
(G
RA PE 29 VI 56 NE IV S SW PR IN
G
)
647000
648000
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
MN
*
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA "
Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum "
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
1°0' 18 MILS
15°0' 267 MILS
UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
40
29000
40
28000
Grid and Graticule Details
BM 2779
2851
D
40
27000 BM 2822
36°22'30"N
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Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
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Extracted from Peter H. Dana
Reasons for Maps • Tool for Way finding – Maps – Charts
• Presentation of Spatial Information – Reference – Thematic
• • • •
Exploration of Spatial Data Record of Spatial Data Record of Property Ownership Propaganda Medium
Cartographic Models (Robinson)
Reality
Geographical Information
Map
One Way: Reality to Map Image
Map Maker Map
Data Map User
Two Way: Map Maker and Map User
Map Image
Cartographic Models (Muehrcke)
Physical Reality Map Interpretation
Data Collection
Mapper’s Reality Map Reading And Analysis
Cartographic Abstraction
Map
Map User’s Reality
Design Approaches • Map Author? – Responsible for theme
• Map Designer? – Responsible for conception
• Map Maker? – Responsible for technical production
• Collaboration
Design Issues • Content – Reference, Theme
• Visual Levels – Foreground, Background
• Balance and Contrast – Emphasis and dominance
• Basic Shapes – Composition Size and Shape
• Map Symbols – Hierarchy
• Colors – What and Why?
• Text – Where and How?
Figure and Ground
Figure and Ground
Foreground/Background Colors • Warm Colors – Red, Orange, Yellow – Advancing Colors
• Cool Colors – Violet, Blue, Green – Retreating Colors
Advancing and Retreating Colors
Which shapes are above and which below?
Color Contrast • Color Figure and Ground • Yellow on Black (best) • Yellow on White • Red on Green (worst) • Legibility • Black on Yellow (best) • Yellow on Black • Red on Green (worst)
Color Contrasts Best Figure And Ground?
Best Legibility?
Worst Figure And Ground?
Worst Legibility?
Balance
+ X
Visual Center Actual Center
Balance
Map Map
Paper
Unequal Top And Bottom Margins
Contrast in BW and Color
Simultaneous Contrast
Perceived Saturation
Small Area
Large Area
Lines on Backgrounds
Keep Large Area Colors Light and with Low Intensity (Saturation)
Map Orientation
Portrait
Landscape
Aspect Ratio
3:6
Aspect Ratio
3:5
Aspect Ratio
3:4
Quiz (?) • • • •
Next slide Letters Note the first letter you see Write it down
D
S
C
W
Q
V
E
F
B
R
G
N
T
H
M
Y
J
M
U
K
L
I
O
P
Focus Most Important?
Less Important?
Less Important?
Least Important?
Primary Visual Variables • • • • • •
Orientation Size Shape Value Hue, Chroma Texture
Primary Visual Variables
(Jacques Bertin)
Map Composition • • • • • • • • • • •
Paper Borders and Neat lines Titles Legends Scale Directional Symbols Source, Projection, Datum Grids and Graticules Credits Place Names Map Symbols
Border and Neatline
Paper Edge
Map Composition Border
Neatline
Neatline
Title
Choropleth Map Comparison
Other Text Choropleth Map Comparison
Equal Interval
Equal Area
6
47000
6
48000
6
49000
6
50000
51000
6
53000
6
54000
D
55000
D
6282
7036
6
6
56000
40
yon an
6623
N 6834
Bo at
3813
D
6623
A
G
D
E
D
40
5671
BM 2
D
39000
o
D
n
D
40000
ley D
D
C
5018
al
R
D
3592
D
39000
57000
6703
D
V
40
115°15'0"W
NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
6
3334
ng
D
Lo
40000
115°17'30"W
(BLACK HILLS) 6 2957 III52000 SE
EP SHE
6
40
CORN CREEK SPRINGS QUADRANGLE NEVADA-CLARK CO. 7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
STATE OF NEVADA NEVADA BUREAU OF MINES AND GEOLOGY
115°20'0"W
29 57
) W SW S III LS 57 HIL 29 K C LA (B
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
II\( H A 1:6 YF 25 OR 00 D P
E A K)
Explanatory Elements n
y
C 5043
Spo
D
a
D
6778
t
D
Can 40
38000
D
5232
Co rk
s cre
yon
w 5928
D
40 "
6665
38000
D
D
D
4745
5568 D
5331
D
40
37000 40
D
Ca
4951
Fi
ny
37000
on
t rs
5676
D
5425
D
40
36000
36°27'30"N
D
D
36°27'30"N
40 36000
5121
3002 4602
D
D
40
35000 4215
40
35000
40
34000
D
Gap
Yu c c a BM 3959
4116
D
4654
(CORN CREEK SPRINGS NW) 2956 IV NW
D
40
D
il
Rid g
34000 2887 D "
Corn Creek Field"Station
" " "" ""
BM 2891
D
e
3712 3893
ï
Picnic Area
D
BM 3592
"
D
BM 3179 D
ï
Picnic Area
2874
(TULE SPRINGS PARK) 2956 IV SE
Fos s 40
D
4075
4568
4242
D
2927
D
33000
40
D D
33000
D
D "
2849
D
40
32000
D
40 D
3886
32000
3801
D
D
36°25'0"N 40
36°25'0"N
3647
D
31000 40 31000
3368
D
D
2806
D
3524
D
3064
D
40
30000
2942
D
40
30000 D
4051
D
40
s tle
ck
Ca
Ro
D
D
4337
29000 40
29000
D
40
D
28000 D
D
3023
40
28000
2813
BM 2779 D
2892
D
2721
2851
D
D
4027000
2921
D
BM 2822
D
2842
40
27000
36°22'30"N
36°22'30"N BM 310
R
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
650000
(TULE6SPRINGS PARK) 52000 2956 IV SE
651000
115°20'0"W *
1 "
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum
Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
15°0' 267 MILS
655000
0
1
1
657000
ROAD CLASSIFICATION Primary highway hard surface......
2
115°15'0"W
D
1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 20-FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
9000
THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS FOR SALE BY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER, COLORADO 80225 OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
Light-duty road, hard or improved surface...... Unimproved Road.....
Secondary highway hard surface......
1
MILES 10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
1 UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
656000
115°17'30"W
KILOMETERS METERS 0
0.5
FEET
"
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines
1°0' 18 MILS
654000
SCALE 1:24,000
MN
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
653000
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2 -,
D Interstate Route
/
U.S. Route
1
State Route
) W S K A E W P IS SS 5 6 A 29
(G
648000
(G
A P E 29 V IN 56 E IV S S PR W IN
G )
647000
CORN CREEK SPRINGS, NEV. NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
N3622.5-W11515/7.5
1974 AMS 2956 IV NE-SERIES V896
Created in ArcGIS 8 using ArcMap
Legend Details 3023
D
40
28000
D
2892
D
2921
D
2842
40
27000
D
36°22'30"N
6
6
53000
6
54000
6
55000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
1
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ANDARDS
2092 ILABLE ON REQUEST
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2 -,
Light-duty road, hard or improved surface...... Unimproved Road.....
D Interstate Route
/
U.S. Route
1
) SW AK W PE I S S 6 AS 295
S 9
10000
115°15'0"W (G
Primary highway hard surface...... Secondary highway hard surface......
1 9000
57000
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
2
8000
6
56000
115°17'30"W
State Route
CORN CREEK SPRINGS, NEV. NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS 15' QUADRANGLE
N3622.5-W11515/7.5
1974 AMS 2956 IV NE-SERIES V896
Created in ArcGIS 8 using ArcMap
Scale Details 2813
D
BM 2779
D
2892
2721
D
2842
D
BM 2822
BM 310
6
49000
^
' ILS
GN
6
(TULE652000 SPRINGS PARK) 2956 IV SE
6
50000
51000
115°20'0"W *
1
ND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH ON AT CENTER OF SHEET
6
53000
6
54000
55000
115°17'30"W
SCALE 1:24,000
MN
15°0' 267 MILS
6
0
1
KILOMETERS
1
2
METERS 0
0.5
1
MILES
D
1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
FEET
1
CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET DOTTED LINES REPRESENT 20-FOOT CONTOURS NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929 THIS MAP COMPLIES WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS FOR SALE BY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DENVER, COLORADO 80225 OR RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 A FOLDER DESCRIBING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek S 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Sp 7 Tule Springs 8 Gass Peak S
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRAN
2892
D
Location Index Details 2842
D
NGS PARK) IV SE
653000
654000
655000
656000
115°17'30"W
ROAD CLASSIFICATION
24,000
TERS
1
Primary highway hard surface...... Secondary highway hard surface......
2
RS 1
S 5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
T
RVAL 40 FEET
NT 20-FOOT CONTOURS RTICAL DATUM OF 1929
AL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS OLOGICAL SURVEY R RESTON, VIRGINIA 22092 AND SYMBOLS IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST
1
2
4 6
3 5
7
8
1 Black Hills SW 2 Black Hills 3 Sheep Peak 4 Corn Creek Springs NW 5 Gass Peak 6 Grapevine Spring 7 Tule Springs Park 8 Gass Peak SW
ADJOINING 7.5' QUADRANGLE NAMES
2-,
Light impro Unim
D Interstate Route
/
U.S
CORN CREEK SP
NE/4 CORN CREEK SPRINGS
N3622.5-W115
1974
AMS 2956 IV NE-SE
2
D
Directional Indicator Details BM 2779
2721
2851
D
D
BM 2822
BM 310
647000
648000
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
650000
651000
115°20'0"W MN
*
1
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA "
Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines
Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
"
1°0' 18 MILS
15°0' 267 MILS
1 D
1000
0
1000
UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
D
THIS MAP
DEN
Datum and Projection Details
BM 2779
2851
D
40
27000 BM 2822
36°22'30"N
(G
RA PE 29 VI 56 NE IV S SW PR IN
G
)
647000
648000
649000
^
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
GN
MN
*
Control by USGS and NOS/NOAA "
Topography by photogrammetric methods from aerial photographs taken 1973. Field checked 1974
"
Projection and 10,000-foot grid ticks: Nevada coordinate system, east zone (transverse Mercator) 1000-metre Universal Transverse Mercator grid ticks, zone 11, shown in blue. 1927 North American datum "
Fine red dashed lines indicate selected fence lines Where omitted, land lines have not been established or are not shown because of insufficient data
1°0' 18 MILS
15°0' 267 MILS
UTM GRID AND 1974 MAGNETIC NORTH DECLINATION AT CENTER OF SHEET
40
29000
40
28000
Grid and Graticule Details
BM 2779
2851
D
40
27000 BM 2822
36°22'30"N
R IN
G
)
647000
648000
Mapped, edited, and published by the Geological Survey
649000
^ GN
MN
*
P
T
h
F
r e d
e r i c k
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W s t i n B a s t r o p L
N
e w S
a s t r o v i l l e
B
r a u
a l a d o
S
a n
A
n f e l s S e g u i n n t o n i oG
o n
C a r e d
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B A
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b
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M
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R R
.
V i c t o r i a o l i a d
G
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M e x i c a n F r o n t i e r o f t h e e p u b l i c o f T e x a s 1 8 3 6 - 1 8 4 5
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