Management Principles And Practices: First Year / Semester

MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES FIRST YEAR / SEMESTER

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Definition of Management • Management : On expanding : Manage – men – tactfully Manage – Men – technology Manage – men – as team Manage – competencies Manage – objectives (MBO) Manage – men and things (resources – physical, inanimate)

MANAGE – f ( RISKS, REWARDS) Management Principles

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• When it comes to manage people, it is said that “people are enigmatic.” • Thus, Management is enigmatic. • Harold Koontz described the present state of management theory as a “jungle.” There can be lots of ambiguity and there will be no recipe book Management Principles

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• MANAGEMENT IS A FUNCTION OF : M = f(RESULTS, FEEDBACK, RESULTS……) MANAGING THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONS IN THE BIO-ECOSYSTEMS, THROUGH VARIOUS EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT PROCESSES, WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF ACHIEVING LAID DOWN EXPECTED RESULTS. Management Principles

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All is PEOPLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT • Why? Who Created all that is around us: Except the sun, the moon, air, ocean, sky, stars, and the first human being and the first animals/insects Thereafter the development of clones, artificial insemination, going on the moon, technological advancements and moving towards civilization is all done my people. Management Principles

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Definition of “Management” • By Griffin: “A set of management functions directed at the efficient and effective utilization of resources in the pursuit of organization goals.”

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Definition….contd…. • By Koontz and Weihrich: “Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.”

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Peter F. Drucker-Father of Modern Management • Management is an organ, organs can be described and defined only through their functions

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• The difference between Management Principles and Management Functions: • “What should I do (principles) to ensure that I do my job (functions) with effectiveness and efficiency.” • Principles are strategies / processes which enable the individual to do their functions better to achieve laid down goals and objectives • GOALS – qualitative achievements • Objectives – could have a mix of quantitative and qualitative Management Principles

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Terry & Franklin… • Management is a distinct process consisting of activities of planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the use of human beings and other resources.”

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CONCEPTUAL SKILLS

Top level

H U M A

Middle level

N S K

Supervisory level/entry level

TE CH NI CAL SKI LLS

ILL S

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Henry Mintzberg… • He has categorized these roles into three groups interpersonal roles Informational roles Decisional roles Description of each of the roles…… Management Principles

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Interpersonal Roles • A manager serves as a figurehead – a symbol; as a leader, ie., hires, trains, encourages, fires, remunerates, judges; and as a liaison between outside contacts and the organizational)

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Informational roles • A manager serves as a monitor by gathering information; • As a disseminator of information • As a spokesperson of the organization

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Decisional Roles • A manager serves as an entrepreneur by being: An initiator Innovator Problem discoverer Designer of improvement projects As a disturbance handler of unexpected situations As a resource allocator and As a negotiator Management Principles

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• ALL THE THREE ROLES PUT TOGETHER IS CALLED AS: THE MANAGERIAL WORK ACTIVITY APPROACH

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• The whole management process is actually an integration of the work activity (Mintzberg) and the management functions • MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS : Planning, Organization, Co-ordination, motivation, and control are Universal. These functions are performed in all organizations – SMEs, Large, not-for-profit organizations, etc.

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Definitions • Planning : Management functions that involves the process of defining goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals and developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities • Organizing: management function that involves the process of determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks have to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made Management Principles

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• Leading : management functions that involves motivating subordinates, influencing individuals or teams as they work, selecting the most effective communicating channels or dealing with any with employee behavior issues • Controlling : Management functions that involving monitoring actual performance, compiling actual to standard, and taking action if necessary • Management process : The set of ongoing decisions and work activities in which managers engage as they plan, organize, lead and control.

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