Malnutrition

Malnutrition BSN 2Y1-21D

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…dietary condition caused by a deficiency or excess of one or more essential nutrients in the diet. It is characterized by a wide array of health problems : • • • •

extreme weight loss stunted growth weakened resistance to infection impairment of intellect

Severe cases of malnutrition can lead to death!

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Two types of MALNUTRITION Under nutrition - a state in

• Under nutrition which the body is not supplied with adequate food, vitamins and nourishment needed for maintaining it’s normal functioning. • Over Nutrition - a state in which the body is supplied with too much food, vitamins and nourishment needed for maintaining it’s normal functioning.

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How Can we fight MALNUTRITION

Balanced diet Vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes constitute a rich source of dietary fiber. Composed of the indigestible cell walls of plant material, fiber acts like a scouring pad to cleanse and flush the digestive tract. It helps eliminate cancer-causing chemicals and may decrease the amount of cholesterol in the blood stream. Meats and fishes are dietary proteins are powerful compounds that build and repair body tissues, from hair and fingernails to muscles. In addition to maintaining the body’s structure, proteins speed up chemical reactions in the body, serve as chemical messengers, fight infection, and transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues. Although protein provides 4 calories of energy per gram, the body uses protein for energy only if S.L. Macarae

Exercise An activity that results in contraction of skeletal muscle. The term is usually used in reference to any activity that promotes physical fitness. Although muscle contraction is the common element of all forms of exercise, many other organs and systems are affected, for example, the heart and lungs.

Regular Check-ups Regular check-ups in health centers helps you maintain your child’s health. Health professionals such as nurses and doctors will help you promote your child’s health by health teaching programs and feeding programs.

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Vitamin Supplementation

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Immunization • • • • • • • • • •

Hepatitis B DPT Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus Influenza Poliomyelitis Pneumunococcal Disease MMR Measles, Mumps, Rubella Chicken Pox Hepatitis A Pneumonia Heamophilus Influenzae type B

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Malnutrition in the Philippines

Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) A lack of energy and protein which results in growth retardation. Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) A deficiency in iron wherein hemoglobin concentration is below the normal level which

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Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) Lack of vitamin A that may result to xeropthalmia (dryness of the eye), night blindness(inability to see in dim light) eyes sensitive to bright light, rough dry skin and membranes of nose and throat , low body resistance to disease, poor growth, and blindness in severe cases.

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Iodine deficiency Disorders (IDD) Lack of iodine in the body which results in goiter, mental retardation, deafmutism, difficulty in standing or walking normally,

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The Food Fortification Program RA 8976 Republic Act 8976 or the Food Fortification Act of 2000 was signed into law on November 7, 2000 for full implementation on November 7, 2004, to address the problem of micronutrient malnutrition This law is complimentary to RA 8172 or the ASIN Law (An Act Promoting Salt Iodization

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Sangkap Pinoy l a term used by the DOH for micronutrients added to food to enhance its nutritional quality l These micronutrients are vitamin A, iron and iodine, which cannot be synthesized by the human body, and therefore must be provided through the diet. l The intake of these micronutrients through the Filipino diet is often inadequate and is responsible for the micronutrient malnutrition afflicting a majority of the population.

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GARANTISADONG PAMBATA SERVICES l Giving VIT A capsules (VAC) supplement to all 1259 months old children. l Catch up immunizations (children who missed the routine immunizations like BCG, OPV, DPT, Measles) l Distribution of iron supplements to infants and pregnant women

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Promotion of child positive caregiving behaviors like ü exclusive breastfeeding of infants from 06months old ü feeding infant micronutrient rich complementary foods starting 6 months old ü use of iodized salt daily ü Buying and eating fortified foods ü brushing of teeth properly and regularly ü letting children play safe

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