Mac

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺒﺪ‬

‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ‬ ‫‪ MAC Address‬ﭼﻴﺴﺖ ؟‬

‫ﻫﺮ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫـﺎ ‪،‬ﻣـﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺴـﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﺋﯽ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻳﮏ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺑﻔﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎ" ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ‪ IP‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ‪ ) MAC‬ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ‪ ( Media Access Control‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﮐــﻪ ﺍﻭﻻ" ﺿــﺮﻭﺭﺕ ﻭﺟــﻮﺩ ﺩﻭ ﻧــﻮﻉ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﭼﻴﺴــﺖ ﻭ ﺛﺎﻧﻴــﺎ" ﺟﺎﻳﮕــﺎﻩ ﺍﺳــﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧــﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﺴــﺖ ؟‬ ‫‪ ، MAC Address‬ﻳﮏ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ‪ ، IP‬ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟـﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫـﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻠﺰﻡ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﮑﺮﺑﻨـﺪﯼ ﮐـﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺮﻭﺗﮑﻞ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﺮ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴـﺪ ) ﻣـﺜﻼ" ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ‪ . ( IP‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ MAC Address‬ﺻﺪﻕ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﮐﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﻮﺭ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺍﮐﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﺷﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ‪MAC Address‬‬

‫ﻫﺮ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﺋﯽ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺻﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﻳﮏ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ‪ IP‬ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﻔﺎﻳﺖ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺣﺘﻤﺎ" ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻴﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ‪ OSI‬ﻭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻝ ‪OSI‬‬ ‫‪...‬‬ ‫‪Network Layer‬‬

‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ‪ IP‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫‪DataLink Layer‬‬

‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ‬

‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ‪ MAC‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫‪Physical Layer‬‬

‫ﻻﻳﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﯽ‬

‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴـﺪ ‪ MAC Address ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻻﻳـﻪ ‪ ) DataLink‬ﻻﻳـﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻣـﺪﻝ ‪( OSI‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻣﺴـﺌﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺭﺳـﯽ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺧﻮﺍﻫـﺪ ﺑـﻮﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﺘﻌﻠـﻖ ﺑـﻪ ﮐـﺪﺍﻣﻴﮏ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ) ‪ ( Packet‬ﺑـﻪ ﻻﻳـﻪ ‪Datalink‬‬

‫ﻣﯽ ﺭﺳﺪ ) ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ( ‪ ،‬ﻭﯼ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺋﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ ) ﻻﻳﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ( ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ‪.‬‬

‫‪١‬‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺒﺪ‬

‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ‬

‫‪ ، MAC Address‬ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑـﺎ ﺍﺳـﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻻﻳـﻪ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻇﻴﻔـﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺳﻮﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻳﮏ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐـﻪ ﺁﻳـﺎ ‪ MAC Address‬ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ "ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ " ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ؟ ﻻﻳﻪ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﮑﯽ ) ﻻﻳـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ ( ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻟﮑﺘﺮﻳﮑﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻳﻢ ﻫﺎﺋﯽ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣـﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻻﻳـﻪ ‪ ، Datalink‬ﮔﺬﺍﺷـﺘﻪ ﻣـﯽ ﺷـﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘـﺖ ‪MAC Address‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ "ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻘﺼﺪ " ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ‪ MAC Address‬ﻳﮑـﯽ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﻫـﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ‪ ،‬ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻻﻳﻪ ﺳـﻮﻡ ‪ ،‬ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ) ‪ ( IP‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑـﺎ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺷـﺒﮑﻪ ﺍﯼ ﮐـﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺁﻥ ﭘﻴﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﺭﺳﺘﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ‪MAC Address‬‬

‫ﻳﮏ ‪ MAC Address‬ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﻃﻮﻟﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻭ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪) .‬‬ ‫ﺷﺶ ﺑﺎﻳﺖ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ‪ ٤٨‬ﺑﻴﺖ ( ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﯽ ‪ Address MAC‬ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ ،‬ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﯼ ﺷﺎﻧﺰﺩﻩ ) ‪ ، ( Hex‬ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺩﻳﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ"‬ ‫‪ MAC Address‬ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ‪MAC Address‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ IPconfig/all‬ﻭ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﺑﺨﺶ ‪: Physical address‬‬

‫‪٠٠‬‬

‫‪٥٠‬‬

‫‪BA‬‬

‫‪٧٩‬‬

‫‪DB‬‬

‫‪٦A‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ‪ IEEE‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫‪١٧٠٠ RFC‬‬

‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﻞ ‪ ،‬ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﺎ ﯼ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺁﻧـﺎﻥ ﻫـﺮ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻫﯽ ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ‪ MAC Address‬ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻳﮏ ﺿﺎﺑﻄﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫‪ ،‬ﻗﻄﻌﺎ" ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺁﻣﺪ ‪ ) .‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ (‪.‬ﺣﺘﻤﺎ" ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳـﻮﺍﻝ ﺑـﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﮐﻪ ‪ MAC Address‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭼﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﺋﯽ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ؟ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺕ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪ ،‬ﮔـﺮﻭﻩ ‪ ، IEEE‬ﻫـﺮ‬ ‫‪ MAC Address‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺴﺎﻭﯼ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺨـﺶ ﺁﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨﻈـﻮﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﺋﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ‬

‫‪٢‬‬

‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮﯼ‬

‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺒﺪ‬

‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﺎ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻳﮏ ﺷـﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺳـﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭﺝ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﮐﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ‪ RFC-١٧٠٠‬ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷـﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺻـﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺸـﺎﻫﺪﻩ ‪RFC‬‬

‫ﻓﻮﻕ ﺣﺘﻤﺎ" ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﮐﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﻨﺪ ‪.‬ﻋﻠـﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳــــﻦ ﺍﻣــــﺮ ﺑــــﻪ ﺣﺠــــﻢ ﮔﺴــــﺘﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﺤﺼــــﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴــــﺪﯼ ﺁﻧــــﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻣــــﯽ ﮔــــﺮﺩﺩ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻪ ‪ MAC Address‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺨـﺶ ﺩﻭﻡ‬

‫‪MAC‬‬

‫‪ Address‬ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ) ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ( ‪ .‬ﻋﻠـﺖ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺮﻳﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻﺕ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﮔـﺮﺩﺩ )‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ( ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺩﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺕ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻴﺪ ﮐـﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ‪MAC Address‬‬

‫ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻢ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬

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