Local Food Chains Are Better Than Foreign Food Chains
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2009A Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj 91022 Samiya Illias 91007 Submitted to: Mr Aslam Soni
Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Statistical Research and Analysis
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Contents Contents................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction........................................................................................................... 3 Hypotheses.........................................................................................................4 Target population...............................................................................................4 Sampling method ..............................................................................................4 Sampling distribution .........................................................................................4 Decision rules..................................................................................................... 4 Analysis................................................................................................................. 5 Frequency of eating out......................................................................................5 For a family treat, respondents prefer................................................................5 When dining with friends, respondents prefer....................................................7 When at work/school, respondents prefer..........................................................7 From the following restaurants, respondents would prefer to go to ..................9 Respondents prefer to go to the above choice of restaurant because ............10 Type of restaurant respondents eat more often at...........................................11 They prefer to go to the above because...........................................................12 They prefer to dine in a restaurant in...............................................................13 10. Respondents are in the following age bracket............................................14 11. Gender ...................................................................................................15 12. Respondents live in....................................................................................15 13. Respondents are in the following field........................................................17 14. Respondents monthly income bracket (in PKR)..........................................17 15. Respondents office/educational institution is located in............................19 16. Opinion about local food chains, such as Usmania, Hanifia, Biryani Centre, etc 19 17. Your opinion about foreign food chains such as McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, KFC, Subway, etc......................................................................................................20 18. Which is safer for health.............................................................................20 19. Which is more economical / value for money.............................................22 20. Which is a more enjoyable experience.......................................................22 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 24 Exhibits................................................................................................................ 26 Pre-test form.....................................................................................................26 Survey form......................................................................................................26 Filled-out pre-test forms (5)..............................................................................26 Filled-out final survey forms (30)......................................................................26
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 2
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Introduction Food chains have started cropping up all over the city. Eating out or ordering in has become very popular, and more and more people are patronising such outlets. The proposed survey topic is that local food chains are better, and thus more popular among the people than foreign food chains. The objective of the survey is to establish whether our hypothesis holds true or if the truth is to the contrary. As the population of Karachi is huge, the survey is conducted through Random Sampling method. The target population covers people from different age groups including children, teenagers, adults, senior citizens and from different professions and income brackets to cover a broad spectrum of typical preferences. The forms have been designed to capture the demographic data as well as respondents’ likes and dislikes, and reasons for the same. Personal information such as name, contact, etc have deliberately not been requested as people hesitate sharing such info in random surveys. 5 samples were collected in pre-test, and after analysis and required modification of forms, 30 samples were collected for analysis. Details of the sample statistics, compilation and analysis of data, graphs and deduction are included in this report. Also attached are •
Pre-test survey form exhibit
•
Final survey form exhibit
•
Filled-out pre-test survey form
•
Filled-out final survey form
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 3
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Statistical Analysis Hypotheses Null Hypothesis (HO): Local food chains are better than foreign food chains Alternate Hypothesis (HA): Foreign food chains are better than local food chains
Target population People from different age groups including children, teenagers, adults, senior citizens and from different professions and income brackets to cover a broad spectrum of typical preferences. Pre-test survey: # of respondents: 5 Final survey: # of respondents: 30
Sampling method Simple Random sampling
Sampling distribution Binomial expression
Decision rules HO: true if P >=0.5 HA: true if P <0.5
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 4
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Analysis
Frequency of eating out daily:4
weekly:10
7%
monthly:8
less often:6
13%
20%
never:2
Daily Weekly
33% 27%
Monthly LessOften Never
Observation: People are eating out more frequently, with the largest section comprising of people who eat out weekly, and surprisingly, some even eat out daily.
For a family treat, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc):7 local food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc):15 both local and foreign:7 do not dine out with family:1
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 5
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
23%
23%
Foreign Food Local Food
3%
Donot dine-out with family Both 51%
Observation: As a family, more than 50% respondents prefer local food
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 6
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
When dining with friends, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc):15 local food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc):11 both local and foreign:4 do not dine out with friends:0 Foreign Foods 13% 0%
Local Foods Donot Dine Out With Frieends
50% 37%
Both
Observation:
When at work/school, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc): 19 7% local
food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc): 9
do not eat out or do not work/go to school: 2
Foreign Food 30%
Local Food
63%
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Don't Eat Out Or Don't Work/Go To School
Page 7
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Observation: At work/school, most respondents prefer foreign food, probably because of convenience in eating fast food as compared to traditional food.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 8
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
From the following restaurants, respondents would prefer to go to foreign food chain: 15 local food chain: 12 both: 3
10% Foreign Food
50% 40%
Local Food Both
Observation: When asked explicitly which food chain would respondents prefer to go to, it appears that 50% are in favour of fast food chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 9
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Respondents prefer to go to the above choice of restaurant because foreig loc n al
bot h
tasty food
13
7
3
cleanliness of restaurant
6
6
2
convenient location
2
5
2
hygienic preparation of food
2
6
2
easy parking
3
3
1
economical
3
6
1
expensive
0
0
0
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Tasty Food
Cleanliness Hygienic Convenient Of Preparation Location Resturant Of Food
Foreign Food
Easy Parking
Local Food
Economical
Expensive
Both
Observation: The overwhelming consideration is of taste, especially in case of foreign food. In fact, foreign food consumers do not give much weightage to any of the other factors except cleanliness of restaurant, which is the 2nd highest in their list of reasons. Local food fans give more or less equal weightage to all factors, and somewhat similar results for those who chose both options.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 10
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Type of restaurant respondents eat more often at local food chain: 15
foreign food chain: 7
equally both: 8
27% Local Food 50%
Foreign Food EquallyBoth
23%
Observation: Contrary of the fact that most respondents prefer to eat at foreign food chains (answer 5), yet more respondents eat more often at local local food chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
They prefer to go to the above because foreig loc n al
bot h
tasty food
5
9
8
cleanliness of restaurant
3
6
3
convenient location
2
3
3
hygienic preparation of food
3
7
2
easy parking
1
3
2
economical
2
4
3
expensive
0
0
0
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Tasty Food
Cleanliness of Retaurant
Hygienic Preparation Of Food
Convenient Location
ForeignFood
Easy Parking
Local Foods
Economical
Expensive
Both
Observation: Respondents prefer to eat more often at local restaurants mainly because of the taste, hygiene and cleanliness.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
They prefer to dine in a restaurant in Gulshan: 5 1 Tower: 0 1
Nazimabad:1
Defence: 9
Burns Road: 4
Super Highway: 3
1
3
Clifton: 16
Saddar:
Other areas:
5 1
4 0 1
9
16 Gulshan
Nazimabad
Defence
Clifton
Saddar
Tower
Burns Road
Super Highway
Observation: Most favourite area for eating out is Karachi District South, especially Clifton area, followed by Defence.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 13
Others
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
10. Respondents are in the following age bracket 05-15years: 2 35-45years:3
15-25years:14 45-55years:1
65+:0
0%
3% 10%
25-35years:9 55-65years:1
7%
3%
5yr-15yr 15yr-25yr 25yr-35yr 35yr-45yr 47%
30%
45yr-55yr 55yr-65yr 65+yrs
Observation: Most of the people who were surveyed fall within the age bracket 15-35 years.
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5yr-15yr
15yr-25yr
25yr-35yr
Foreign Food
35yr-45yr
Local Food
45yr-55yr
65+yr
Both
Observation: Among the majority of the respondents, it is again visible that they mostly eat from local food chains. (compare with Answers 7 and 8)
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
11. Gender Male: 24
Female: 6
12. Respondents live in North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby: 9 Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby: 5 Clifton, Defence or nearby: 9 Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby: 3 Malir, Landhi or or nearby: 1 Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby: 2 Other: 1
Table of area of residence vs eating in same area or going out of area Area of residence
Prefer to eat in same area
Prefer to go to another area
North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby
1
8
Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby
4
2
C lifton, Defence or nearby
9
3
Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby
1
1
Malir, Landhi or or nearby
0
1
Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby
0
2
Other area
0
1
Observation: Again, Clifton seems to be the area for eating out, as most residents of the area prefer to eat here, whereas residents of other areas prefer to go to other areas. This answer correlates to answer number 9.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
13. Respondents are in the following field Medical or health-related: 0 Transport: 0
Business: 13
Engineering or technical: 10 Other: 2
Education: 6
Food industry: 0
Observation: Most of the respondents are well-educated, though unfortunately nobody from the medical or food related industry could be included in the survey, yet it can be reasonably inferred that the educated population will make intelligent choices as regards the food they consume.
14. Respondents monthly income bracket (in PKR) 100,000 or more: 8 Between 75,000-100,000: 1 Between 50,000-75,000: 3 Between 25,000-50,000: 7 25,000 or less: 11
5
4
3
2
1
0 100,000 or More
Between 75,000100,000
Between 50,00075000
Foreign Food
Between 25,00050,000
Local Food
25,000 or Less
Both
Observation: Comparing respondents monthly income with their preference (Answer 7), it appears that the preference for local food is independent of the income level except perhaps the income bracket
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 17
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains between PKR50,000-75,000, which could either be an anomaly due very few number of people from this income bracket, or due to the some other psychological or socio-physiological reasons__ an independent survey would perhaps be required to establish that. Also, the preference for foreign food in the lowest income bracket is quite low comparatively.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
15. Respondents office/educational institution is located in North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby: 0 Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby: 8 Clifton, Defence or nearby: 17 Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby: 4 Malir, Landhi or or nearby: 0 Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby: 0 Other : 0 Not applicable: 1
3% North Nazimabad
0%
13%
27%
Gulshan Clifton Saddar Malir Bahadurabad Other
57%
Not Applicable
Observation: Perhaps the preference for eating in Clifton can also be attributed to most of the respondents’ office/school being located in the area. This still would not explain the family preferences for eating in Clifton, as many respondents live in different areas of the city, yet choose to come to Clifton for eating out.
16. Opinion about local food chains, such as Usmania, Hanifia, Biryani Centre, etc positive opinion: 19 negative opinion: 8
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
10%
Positive Opinion
27%
Negative Opinion 63%
NoComment
Observation: Most respondents have a positive opinion about Local Food Chains
17. Your opinion about foreign food chains such as McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, KFC, Subway, etc positive opinion: 15 negative opinion: 12
10%
Positive Opinion 40%
50%
Negative Opinion No Comments
Observation: Though many find positive aspects in the foreign food chains, yet they also have quite a few negative things to say about it as well. Compared with opinions about local food chains (Answer 16), it appears that people are more favourably inclined towards local food chains.
18. Which is safer for health eating from a local food chain restaurant: 4 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 4 both are okay: 16 neither: 6
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
13% 20%
13%
Local Food Foreign Food Both Are Ok Neither
54%
Observation: 13% of the respondents consider food from local chains only to be safe, while an equal number have the same opinion about foreign chains exclusively. More than 50% of the respondents consider both as safe for health, whereas 20% worry over the health issues of such restaurants. Thus, it can be inferred that the majority of the population is comfortable eating out, and health and hygiene is not a major determinant in the choice of restaurant.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 21
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
19. Which is more economical / value for money eating from a local food chain restaurant: 16 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 3 both cost nearly the same: 9 neither: 2
7%
Local Food 30%
Foreign Food 53%
Both Are Ok Neither
10%
Observation: Most consider local restaurants to be more ‘value-formoney’ as compared to the foreign restaurants.
20. Which is a more enjoyable experience eating from a local food chain restaurant: 9 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 4 both are equally enjoyable: 16 neither: 1
3% 30%
Local Food Foreign Food Both Are Ok
54%
Neither 13%
Observation: Most of those surveyed find eating out enjoyable, but more votes have been casted in favour of local than foreign food chains.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Conclusion The starting premise of our research was Null Hypothesis (HO): Local food chains are better than foreign food chains Alternate Hypothesis (HA): Foreign food chains are better than local food chains After conducting the survey and analysing the results, it appears that: Loca l (%)
Foreig n (%)
Families prefer
51
23
Friends prefer
37
50
At work/school
30
63
Prefer to eat at
40
50
Eat more often at
50
23
Positive opinion
63
50
Negative opinion
27
40
Safe for health
67
67
Economical
53
10
Enjoyable
84
67
the Foreign Chain
A comparison of the percentage values shows that personal preferences vary greatly across different options and choices presented to the respondents. A maximum value of 87% is touched by the Local Food Chain whereas the Foreign Food Chains touch a maximum high of 67%, but for very different choices. While families prefer Local Food Chains, and respondents eat more often there, yet Foreign Food Chains are the preferred choice of Friends, At Work/School as well as Personal Preference. Local Food Chains top the chart Positive Opinion, Economical and Enjoyable, while respondents consider both to be equally Safe for Health. Though not many chose economics as the reason for their preference, (answer numbers 5-8), but it is clear from the statistics that Local Food Chains are viewed as far more value-for-money as compared to the Foreign Chains. There are very few regions on the graph where Local Food Chain values are less as compared to Food values.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 24
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Re-arranging data to calculate mean, median and mode: Local Food Chain:
27 30 37 40 50 51 53 63 67 84 Mean: 50.2 Median: 50.5Mode: no mode
Foreign Food Chain:
Decision Rules: Mean value for Median value for Mode value for
10 23 23 40 50 50 50 63 67 67 Mean: 44.3 Median: 50.0Mode: 50
HO: true if P >=0.5
HA: true if P <0.5
Local >50 Foreign < 50 Local >50 Foreign=50 Local: no Foreign=50
Therefore, just considering the Mean statistic, one is tempted to accept HO: true. But since median and mode values do not support this contention, no decisive deduction can be inferred. Considering collected data, even though economics is not a prime concern in the choice of restaurant (answer numbers 5-8), yet most consider local restaurants to be better, and thus frequent them more. Therefore, even though there is no clear winner of this comparison, we can safely state that Local Food Chains are in fact more popular than Foreign Food Chains.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 25
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Exhibits
Pre-test form Survey form Filled-out pre-test forms (5) Filled-out final survey forms (30)
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 26
Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Statistical Research and Analysis
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Contents Contents................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction........................................................................................................... 3 Hypotheses.........................................................................................................4 Target population...............................................................................................4 Sampling method ..............................................................................................4 Sampling distribution .........................................................................................4 Decision rules..................................................................................................... 4 Analysis................................................................................................................. 5 Frequency of eating out......................................................................................5 For a family treat, respondents prefer................................................................5 When dining with friends, respondents prefer....................................................7 When at work/school, respondents prefer..........................................................7 From the following restaurants, respondents would prefer to go to ..................9 Respondents prefer to go to the above choice of restaurant because ............10 Type of restaurant respondents eat more often at...........................................11 They prefer to go to the above because...........................................................12 They prefer to dine in a restaurant in...............................................................13 10. Respondents are in the following age bracket............................................14 11. Gender ...................................................................................................15 12. Respondents live in....................................................................................15 13. Respondents are in the following field........................................................17 14. Respondents monthly income bracket (in PKR)..........................................17 15. Respondents office/educational institution is located in............................19 16. Opinion about local food chains, such as Usmania, Hanifia, Biryani Centre, etc 19 17. Your opinion about foreign food chains such as McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, KFC, Subway, etc......................................................................................................20 18. Which is safer for health.............................................................................20 19. Which is more economical / value for money.............................................22 20. Which is a more enjoyable experience.......................................................22 Conclusion........................................................................................................... 24 Exhibits................................................................................................................ 26 Pre-test form.....................................................................................................26 Survey form......................................................................................................26 Filled-out pre-test forms (5)..............................................................................26 Filled-out final survey forms (30)......................................................................26
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 2
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Introduction Food chains have started cropping up all over the city. Eating out or ordering in has become very popular, and more and more people are patronising such outlets. The proposed survey topic is that local food chains are better, and thus more popular among the people than foreign food chains. The objective of the survey is to establish whether our hypothesis holds true or if the truth is to the contrary. As the population of Karachi is huge, the survey is conducted through Random Sampling method. The target population covers people from different age groups including children, teenagers, adults, senior citizens and from different professions and income brackets to cover a broad spectrum of typical preferences. The forms have been designed to capture the demographic data as well as respondents’ likes and dislikes, and reasons for the same. Personal information such as name, contact, etc have deliberately not been requested as people hesitate sharing such info in random surveys. 5 samples were collected in pre-test, and after analysis and required modification of forms, 30 samples were collected for analysis. Details of the sample statistics, compilation and analysis of data, graphs and deduction are included in this report. Also attached are •
Pre-test survey form exhibit
•
Final survey form exhibit
•
Filled-out pre-test survey form
•
Filled-out final survey form
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 3
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Statistical Analysis Hypotheses Null Hypothesis (HO): Local food chains are better than foreign food chains Alternate Hypothesis (HA): Foreign food chains are better than local food chains
Target population People from different age groups including children, teenagers, adults, senior citizens and from different professions and income brackets to cover a broad spectrum of typical preferences. Pre-test survey: # of respondents: 5 Final survey: # of respondents: 30
Sampling method Simple Random sampling
Sampling distribution Binomial expression
Decision rules HO: true if P >=0.5 HA: true if P <0.5
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 4
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Analysis
Frequency of eating out daily:4
weekly:10
7%
monthly:8
less often:6
13%
20%
never:2
Daily Weekly
33% 27%
Monthly LessOften Never
Observation: People are eating out more frequently, with the largest section comprising of people who eat out weekly, and surprisingly, some even eat out daily.
For a family treat, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc):7 local food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc):15 both local and foreign:7 do not dine out with family:1
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 5
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
23%
23%
Foreign Food Local Food
3%
Donot dine-out with family Both 51%
Observation: As a family, more than 50% respondents prefer local food
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 6
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
When dining with friends, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc):15 local food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc):11 both local and foreign:4 do not dine out with friends:0 Foreign Foods 13% 0%
Local Foods Donot Dine Out With Frieends
50% 37%
Both
Observation:
When at work/school, respondents prefer foreign food(pizza, burger, sandwich, chinese food,etc): 19 7% local
food (nihari, tikka, kabab paratha, biryani, etc): 9
do not eat out or do not work/go to school: 2
Foreign Food 30%
Local Food
63%
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Don't Eat Out Or Don't Work/Go To School
Page 7
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Observation: At work/school, most respondents prefer foreign food, probably because of convenience in eating fast food as compared to traditional food.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 8
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
From the following restaurants, respondents would prefer to go to foreign food chain: 15 local food chain: 12 both: 3
10% Foreign Food
50% 40%
Local Food Both
Observation: When asked explicitly which food chain would respondents prefer to go to, it appears that 50% are in favour of fast food chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 9
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Respondents prefer to go to the above choice of restaurant because foreig loc n al
bot h
tasty food
13
7
3
cleanliness of restaurant
6
6
2
convenient location
2
5
2
hygienic preparation of food
2
6
2
easy parking
3
3
1
economical
3
6
1
expensive
0
0
0
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Tasty Food
Cleanliness Hygienic Convenient Of Preparation Location Resturant Of Food
Foreign Food
Easy Parking
Local Food
Economical
Expensive
Both
Observation: The overwhelming consideration is of taste, especially in case of foreign food. In fact, foreign food consumers do not give much weightage to any of the other factors except cleanliness of restaurant, which is the 2nd highest in their list of reasons. Local food fans give more or less equal weightage to all factors, and somewhat similar results for those who chose both options.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 10
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Type of restaurant respondents eat more often at local food chain: 15
foreign food chain: 7
equally both: 8
27% Local Food 50%
Foreign Food EquallyBoth
23%
Observation: Contrary of the fact that most respondents prefer to eat at foreign food chains (answer 5), yet more respondents eat more often at local local food chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 11
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
They prefer to go to the above because foreig loc n al
bot h
tasty food
5
9
8
cleanliness of restaurant
3
6
3
convenient location
2
3
3
hygienic preparation of food
3
7
2
easy parking
1
3
2
economical
2
4
3
expensive
0
0
0
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Tasty Food
Cleanliness of Retaurant
Hygienic Preparation Of Food
Convenient Location
ForeignFood
Easy Parking
Local Foods
Economical
Expensive
Both
Observation: Respondents prefer to eat more often at local restaurants mainly because of the taste, hygiene and cleanliness.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 12
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
They prefer to dine in a restaurant in Gulshan: 5 1 Tower: 0 1
Nazimabad:1
Defence: 9
Burns Road: 4
Super Highway: 3
1
3
Clifton: 16
Saddar:
Other areas:
5 1
4 0 1
9
16 Gulshan
Nazimabad
Defence
Clifton
Saddar
Tower
Burns Road
Super Highway
Observation: Most favourite area for eating out is Karachi District South, especially Clifton area, followed by Defence.
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 13
Others
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
10. Respondents are in the following age bracket 05-15years: 2 35-45years:3
15-25years:14 45-55years:1
65+:0
0%
3% 10%
25-35years:9 55-65years:1
7%
3%
5yr-15yr 15yr-25yr 25yr-35yr 35yr-45yr 47%
30%
45yr-55yr 55yr-65yr 65+yrs
Observation: Most of the people who were surveyed fall within the age bracket 15-35 years.
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5yr-15yr
15yr-25yr
25yr-35yr
Foreign Food
35yr-45yr
Local Food
45yr-55yr
65+yr
Both
Observation: Among the majority of the respondents, it is again visible that they mostly eat from local food chains. (compare with Answers 7 and 8)
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
Page 14
Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
11. Gender Male: 24
Female: 6
12. Respondents live in North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby: 9 Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby: 5 Clifton, Defence or nearby: 9 Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby: 3 Malir, Landhi or or nearby: 1 Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby: 2 Other: 1
Table of area of residence vs eating in same area or going out of area Area of residence
Prefer to eat in same area
Prefer to go to another area
North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby
1
8
Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby
4
2
C lifton, Defence or nearby
9
3
Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby
1
1
Malir, Landhi or or nearby
0
1
Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby
0
2
Other area
0
1
Observation: Again, Clifton seems to be the area for eating out, as most residents of the area prefer to eat here, whereas residents of other areas prefer to go to other areas. This answer correlates to answer number 9.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Submitted by: Razia Pukhraj and Samiya Illias
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
13. Respondents are in the following field Medical or health-related: 0 Transport: 0
Business: 13
Engineering or technical: 10 Other: 2
Education: 6
Food industry: 0
Observation: Most of the respondents are well-educated, though unfortunately nobody from the medical or food related industry could be included in the survey, yet it can be reasonably inferred that the educated population will make intelligent choices as regards the food they consume.
14. Respondents monthly income bracket (in PKR) 100,000 or more: 8 Between 75,000-100,000: 1 Between 50,000-75,000: 3 Between 25,000-50,000: 7 25,000 or less: 11
5
4
3
2
1
0 100,000 or More
Between 75,000100,000
Between 50,00075000
Foreign Food
Between 25,00050,000
Local Food
25,000 or Less
Both
Observation: Comparing respondents monthly income with their preference (Answer 7), it appears that the preference for local food is independent of the income level except perhaps the income bracket
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains between PKR50,000-75,000, which could either be an anomaly due very few number of people from this income bracket, or due to the some other psychological or socio-physiological reasons__ an independent survey would perhaps be required to establish that. Also, the preference for foreign food in the lowest income bracket is quite low comparatively.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
15. Respondents office/educational institution is located in North Nazimabad, Nazimabad, FB Area or nearby: 0 Gulshan, Gulistan-e-Jauhar or nearby: 8 Clifton, Defence or nearby: 17 Saddar, II Chundrigar Road, Bunder Road or nearby: 4 Malir, Landhi or or nearby: 0 Bahadurabad, Tariq Road, Sindhi Muslim or nearby: 0 Other : 0 Not applicable: 1
3% North Nazimabad
0%
13%
27%
Gulshan Clifton Saddar Malir Bahadurabad Other
57%
Not Applicable
Observation: Perhaps the preference for eating in Clifton can also be attributed to most of the respondents’ office/school being located in the area. This still would not explain the family preferences for eating in Clifton, as many respondents live in different areas of the city, yet choose to come to Clifton for eating out.
16. Opinion about local food chains, such as Usmania, Hanifia, Biryani Centre, etc positive opinion: 19 negative opinion: 8
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
10%
Positive Opinion
27%
Negative Opinion 63%
NoComment
Observation: Most respondents have a positive opinion about Local Food Chains
17. Your opinion about foreign food chains such as McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, KFC, Subway, etc positive opinion: 15 negative opinion: 12
10%
Positive Opinion 40%
50%
Negative Opinion No Comments
Observation: Though many find positive aspects in the foreign food chains, yet they also have quite a few negative things to say about it as well. Compared with opinions about local food chains (Answer 16), it appears that people are more favourably inclined towards local food chains.
18. Which is safer for health eating from a local food chain restaurant: 4 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 4 both are okay: 16 neither: 6
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
13% 20%
13%
Local Food Foreign Food Both Are Ok Neither
54%
Observation: 13% of the respondents consider food from local chains only to be safe, while an equal number have the same opinion about foreign chains exclusively. More than 50% of the respondents consider both as safe for health, whereas 20% worry over the health issues of such restaurants. Thus, it can be inferred that the majority of the population is comfortable eating out, and health and hygiene is not a major determinant in the choice of restaurant.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
19. Which is more economical / value for money eating from a local food chain restaurant: 16 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 3 both cost nearly the same: 9 neither: 2
7%
Local Food 30%
Foreign Food 53%
Both Are Ok Neither
10%
Observation: Most consider local restaurants to be more ‘value-formoney’ as compared to the foreign restaurants.
20. Which is a more enjoyable experience eating from a local food chain restaurant: 9 eating from a foreign food restaurant: 4 both are equally enjoyable: 16 neither: 1
3% 30%
Local Food Foreign Food Both Are Ok
54%
Neither 13%
Observation: Most of those surveyed find eating out enjoyable, but more votes have been casted in favour of local than foreign food chains.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Conclusion The starting premise of our research was Null Hypothesis (HO): Local food chains are better than foreign food chains Alternate Hypothesis (HA): Foreign food chains are better than local food chains After conducting the survey and analysing the results, it appears that: Loca l (%)
Foreig n (%)
Families prefer
51
23
Friends prefer
37
50
At work/school
30
63
Prefer to eat at
40
50
Eat more often at
50
23
Positive opinion
63
50
Negative opinion
27
40
Safe for health
67
67
Economical
53
10
Enjoyable
84
67
the Foreign Chain
A comparison of the percentage values shows that personal preferences vary greatly across different options and choices presented to the respondents. A maximum value of 87% is touched by the Local Food Chain whereas the Foreign Food Chains touch a maximum high of 67%, but for very different choices. While families prefer Local Food Chains, and respondents eat more often there, yet Foreign Food Chains are the preferred choice of Friends, At Work/School as well as Personal Preference. Local Food Chains top the chart Positive Opinion, Economical and Enjoyable, while respondents consider both to be equally Safe for Health. Though not many chose economics as the reason for their preference, (answer numbers 5-8), but it is clear from the statistics that Local Food Chains are viewed as far more value-for-money as compared to the Foreign Chains. There are very few regions on the graph where Local Food Chain values are less as compared to Food values.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains Re-arranging data to calculate mean, median and mode: Local Food Chain:
27 30 37 40 50 51 53 63 67 84 Mean: 50.2 Median: 50.5Mode: no mode
Foreign Food Chain:
Decision Rules: Mean value for Median value for Mode value for
10 23 23 40 50 50 50 63 67 67 Mean: 44.3 Median: 50.0Mode: 50
HO: true if P >=0.5
HA: true if P <0.5
Local >50 Foreign < 50 Local >50 Foreign=50 Local: no Foreign=50
Therefore, just considering the Mean statistic, one is tempted to accept HO: true. But since median and mode values do not support this contention, no decisive deduction can be inferred. Considering collected data, even though economics is not a prime concern in the choice of restaurant (answer numbers 5-8), yet most consider local restaurants to be better, and thus frequent them more. Therefore, even though there is no clear winner of this comparison, we can safely state that Local Food Chains are in fact more popular than Foreign Food Chains.
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Statistical Research and Analysis Local Food Chains are better than Foreign Food Chains
Exhibits
Pre-test form Survey form Filled-out pre-test forms (5) Filled-out final survey forms (30)
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