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SISTEM GERAK Sistem Rangka Pada Tubuh Manusia Judul Praktikum Hari/tanggal Nama/Kelompok Kelas

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I. Tujuan Praktikum 1. Mengidentifikasi tulang penyusun kerangka manusia 2. Mengelompokkan tulang penyusun kerangka tubuh manusia berdasarkan fungsinya 3. Mengetahui jumlah tulang penyusun kerangka tubuh manusia II. Teori Sistem rangka adalah suatu sistem organ yang memberikan dukungan fisik pada makhluk hidup. Sistem rangka umumnya dibagi menjadi tiga tipe: eksternal, internal, dan basis cairan (rangka hidrostatik), walaupun sistem rangka hidrostatik dapat pula dikelompokkan secara terpisah dari dua jenis lainnya karena tidak adanya struktur penunjang. Rangka manusia dibentuk dari tulang tunggal atau gabungan (seperti tengkorak) yang ditunjang oleh struktur lain seperti ligamen, tendon, otot, dan organ lainnya. Rata-rata manusia dewasa memiliki 206 tulang, walaupun jumlah ini dapat bervariasi antara individu. III. Alat dan Bahan 1. Model kerangka tubuh manusia 2. Carta berisi gambar rangka tubuh manusia 3. Alat tulis dan gambar 4. Buku sumber bacaan pendukung IV.Cara Kerja 1. Amati model rangka atau carta yang berisi gambar dengan seksama 2. Amati macam-macam bentuk dan nama tulang 3. Catat dan gambar hasil pengamatanmu pada tabel yang telah disediakan 4. Bandingkan hasil pengamatanmu dengan buku sumber pendukung V.Tabel Hasil Pengamatan

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V. Pembahasan ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................

VI.Kesimpulan ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................

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VII.Pertanyaan 1. Jelaskan fungsi rangka! 2. Lengkapi keterangan pada gambar kerangka manusia berikut!

3. Lengkapi peta konsep jenis-jenis tulang berikut ini.

Jaringan tulang

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SISTEM GERAK Struktur Otot Judul Praktikum Hari/tanggal Nama/Kelompok Kelas

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I. Tujuan Praktikum 1. Membedakan struktur otot lurik, polos, dan jantung

II. Teori Jaringan otot tersusun atas sel-sel otot yang berperan dalam pergerakan tubuh atau bagian tubuh. Kemampuan otot untuk berkontraksi disebabkan selsel otot memiliki protein kontraktil, yaitu aktin dan myosin. Sel otot umumnya berbentuk memanjang, sehingga disebut juga serabut otot. Bagian-bagian sel otot mempunyai sebutan khusus, membran selnya disebut sarkolema, sitoplasmanya disebut sarkoplasma, reticulum endoplasmanya disebut reticulum sarkoplasma dan mitokondrianya disebut sarkosoma. Pada vertebrata terdapat tiga tipe jaringan otot, otot rangka, otot jantung dan otot polos. Secara histologis otot rangka tergolong sebagai otot lurik atau otot serat melintang, karena miofibrilnya memantulkan cahaya gelap dan terang berselang-seling yang berjajar teratur membentuk pita-pita vertical terhadap poros otot. III. Alat dan Bahan Alat 1. Mikroskop

Bahan 1. Peparat otot lurik 2. Peparat otot polos 3. Peparat otot jantung

IV. Cara Kerja 1. Amati dibawah mikroskop masing-masing preparat tersebut. 2. Gambar dan tunjukan bagian-bagiannya.

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V. Hasil Pengamatan

Otot Polos

Otot Lurik

Pebesaran :

Pebesaran :

Otot Jantung Pebesaran :

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VI. Pembahasan ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... VII. Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... VIII. Pertanyaan 1. Bagaimana perbedaan struktur pada ketiga otot tersebut? (Buatlah dalam bentuk tabel!)

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