Linux Shellscript Tutorial

:

- 2005-2006 -

shell scripts ; shell script .

shellscipt : #!/bin/bash (bash). ! test.sh :

! " #!/bin/bash E#mkdir test cp .login test echo “h antigrafh egine”

755

# $ ! root ./test.sh

:

test .login : H antigrafh egine

! "

test

:

$

: % "

! . . X=”abc” . echo $X . &

" :

#!/bin/bash $'=“ABC” Eecho “$X” # kalo einai ean prokeitai gia metavlith keimenoy na x#xrhshmopoiounatai eisagwgika ABC .

%

echo

( "

. &

echo –e :

To \n \t " To \b To echo –e “12\t3\n456\b” 12 45

3

tab backspace ! :

K

"

"

": ! #!/bin/bash echo "Gia sou , $USER. Tha sou kanw mia lista me ta arxeia sou" echo "Sou kanw lista me ta arxeia tou fakelou, $PWD" ls $USER

%

.

$PWD

:

)

System Variable BASH=/bin/bash BASH_VERSION ( HOME PATH=/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin * PWD

Meaning shell ! shell home directory !

) !

SHELL=/bin/bash USERNAME

shell " ! !

O "

:

! #!/bin/bash $#=”ls” $B=”-l” echo “$# $+ *.exe" #

!

: ls –l *.exe

: : metavlhth="$(entolh)"

x=”$(ls)

ls. redirect ls

. $ls>test.txt

test.txt.,

! ! !

.

-

: $ls>>.login.

, "

! $

!

"

input

: $cat>test.txt. ! " $

redirect : $ tr "[a-z]" "[A-Z]" < >megala_grammata.txt !

mikra_grammata.txt mikra_grammata.txt, megala_grammata.txt

output

"

! .

If…fi , :

$ if synthikh1 then endoles .......... elif synthikh2 then endoles ........ elif synthikh3 then endoles ........ fi

$

"

" : … -n

)

-z

)

-s

&

-f (file)

.

-d

.

(

) !

(

)

!

!

!

(directory) -w

,

-r

&

-x

&

-d

.

-f

.

-eq

)

/ !

! !

-neq

equal

=

)

!=

#

-lt

)

1

-gt

)

1

-ge

)

1

-le

)

1

!

0

NOT

-a

0

AND

-o

0

OR

=

" :

& !

1

#!/bin/bash X="" if [ -n "$X" ]; then # to -n elenxei ean to x den exei mhdeniko megethos echo "To X den einai keno" else echo “To x einai keno” fi

“To x einai keno”

# 2

!

#!/bin/bash read X read Y if [ $X –nq $Y ] ; then echo "X aniso toy Y" fi

#

'=1

“X aniso toy Y”

.=2

(loops) ,

/ . .

$

!

/ "

For loops )

/

for

"

$

for X in (kapoia stoixeia) do entoles done !

1

#!/bin/bash colour1="red" colour2="light blue" colour3="dark green" for X in "$colour1" $colour2" $colour3" do echo “$X ,” done

: red , light blue , dark green

# !

2

#!/bin/bash for X in *.tar do gzip $X done

#

tar

:

! :

&

$

$

:

for (( arxikh timh; Synthikh ; apotelesma )) do entoles pou epanalambanontai Done

! #!/bin/bash for (( i = 0 ; do echo $i done

i <= 5;

i = i + 1

"

))

i

"

0

5 1.

-

" 1

! "

20.

While loops (

:

$

while [ isxyei h synthikh ] do entoles done

! #!/bin/bash X=0 while [ $X -le 20 ] do echo $X X=$((X+1)) done

1

#

, Onoma_synarthshs ( ) { entoles return

"

:

20

}

1 . ,

!

: Onoma_synarthshs. ! #!/bin/bash $ SayHello() { echo "Hello $LOGNAME, Have nice computing" return } $ SayHello()

'

:

"

: test.txt

Nikos Kostas Maria Eleni

!

1 2 3 4 $cut –f1 test.txt ! $cut –f2

1 1 2

test.txt

test.txt

-

:

.

:

India's milk is good. tea Red-Lable is good. tea is better than the coffee. $ sed '/tea/s//milk/g' teaormilk

! :

/tmp/result.tmp.$$

To /tea/ , $

>

s//milk

g (global)

!

. /tmp/result.tmp.$$ .

ex $ ex onoma_arxeiou

,

. "

" .

"

&

: p :

( , , ,

2

:2 p

. 2

:2,5 p

5

.

2

:2,$ p

. :set number :2 p

,

. d :

(

2

:2 d

, ,

. 2

:2,5 d

5

.

co :

(

1

:1,4 co

,

4

"

. H

/ $ :/linux/p

, $ ,

:

$

linux. :g/linux/p

$

linux.

(

:w

.

(

:q

ex.

! Shell

script ! terminal. cd " ! ! :

# .rmp

# mount /mnt/cdrom # cd /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS # rpm -ivh dialog-0.6-16.i386.rpm

" : Message dialog --title "titlos" --backtitle "sxolio grammi 1\ allagh grammhs. . . " 7 50 ; read

Msg box dialog --title "titlos" --backtitle "sxolio… " 9 50

Yes/no dialog dialog --title "Titlos" --backtitle "sxolio" 7 60 sel=$? case $sel in 0) echo "H apanthsh einai nai";; 1) echo "H apantish einai oxi";; 255) echo "O xristis pathse esc";; esac

Input dialog --title "titlos" --backtitle "sxolio" --inputbox "Edw grafoume" 8 60 2>/tmp/input.$$ #me ayto kleinoyme to dialogo sel=$? na=`cat /tmp/input.$$` case $sel in 0) echo "H metavlith pou phrame $na" ;;

$

1) echo "paththike cancel" ;; 255) echo "paththike esc" ;; esac rm -f /tmp/input.$$

Select dialog --backtitle "titlos " --title "titlos menu" --menu "sxolio epilogwn" 15 50 3\ epilogh1 "sxolio"\ epilogh2 " sxolio "\ epilogh3 "sxolio" 2>/tmp/menuitem.$$ menuitem=`cat /tmp/menuitem.$$` opt=$? case $menuitem epilogh1) echo epilogh2) echo epilogh3) echo esac

in “epilexthike to 1”;; “epilexthike to 2”;; “epilexthike to 1”;;

$

" !

!

!

chmod +x arxeio

#

" sh [options] file

,

:

" -v -x

! shell script.

"

input.

: