Lights

Lights Laws of Reflection • The angle of Incidence is equals to the angle of Reflection • At the point of incidence, the incident ray, the normal, the reflected ray all lie son the same plane. Characteristic of Image formed by a plane mirror • • • • •

Upright Virtual(Cannot be capture on a screen) Same Size Laterally Inverted The distance of the object from the mirror is the same distance to the image from the mirror

Laws of Refraction • At the point of incidence, the incident ray, the normal, the refracted ray all lies on the same plane. • Sin I / Sin R = Constant Light ray refract due to change of speed of light. The bending of light when it enters from one medium to another medium is refraction.

When light ray travel from a denser medium to a less dense medium, speed of light increases thus light ray will bends away from the normal. When light ray travel from a less dense medium to a denser medium, speed of light decreases thus light ray will bends towards the normal. Normal

Imaginary line perpendicular to the surface of reflection Angle of incidence Angle between the incident ray and the normal Angle of reflection Angle between the reflected ray and the normal Angle of refraction Angle between the refracted ray and the normal Refractive index of a Ratio of speed of light in medium vacuum to speed of light in medium Critical Angle Angle of incidence in denser medium for which angle of refraction in less dense medium is 90 degrees. Total Internal reflection Complete reflection of an incident ray of light

Speed of light

within a denser medium surrounded by less dense medium when the incident angle is greater than critical angle 3.00 x 10 ^ 8 m/s