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Computer Programming Hung-Yu Wei Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University

09/19/2006

Course Information 

Time  

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Textbook 





Tuesday 15:30~17:20 新物 111 Wednesday 13:20-14:10 新物 305 Deitel & Deitel, "C++ How to Program", 5th Edition 全華圖書代理

Grading   

Midterm exam Final exam Homework (no late homework)

About me    

Hung-Yu Wei ( 魏宏宇 ) Office: 電機二館 442 室 Office hour: by e-mail appointment Website:  



https://ceiba.ntu.edu.tw/951cpp Download course materials

Ask Questions?  

E-mail: [email protected] Subject: [C++] ……

What will you learn in this course? 

Learn the basics of computer programming 

 

You don’t need to have any experience on programming

C++ programming language Course format  

2-hour lecture (Tuesday) 1-hour laboratory (Wednesday)

Why do I need to know computer programming?  

Computer programs everywhere Physicists use programming languages 



Use programs to control experiment instruments Run computer simulation to understand and evaluate models

C++ Compiler 

What is a compiler 





Computer program that translates a high-level language into machine language Computer only understand machine langue

The Compiler we will use 

Visual C++ (Visual Studio .Net 2003)

How to get your Visual C++ 

NTU Computer Center  



Buy the Visual Studio CD set Download and burn CDs http://ccms.ntu.edu.tw/~jsc/ntucc/software/

PCs that you can use  

PCs in the computer center Department of Physics (305 PC Room)

Dev C++  

Free C++ compiler Download 

http://www.bloodshed.net/devcpp.html

Other (free) compilers 

GNU C++ compiler  

g++ Platform  



Editor 



Linux Cygwin: Linux-link environment in Windows

emac / vi / or any other editors

Debugging 

gdb

Brief history of C/C++ 

C   



C++  

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Evolve from B Dennis Ritchie, Bell Labs, early 1973 Structured programming  functions/procedures Bjarne Stroustrup, Bell Labs, 1983 Object-oriented programming language

Why C++?   

It is fast It is widely used (portable to other computers) Object-oriented

Run a C++ Program 

Editor 

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Preprocessor 



Link object code with libraries

Loader 

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Create object code

Linker 



Check the program

Compiler 

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Write a program

Load program into memory

execution

Syntax and syntax error 

Syntax 



Grammar of a programming language

Syntax error  

Wrong grammar! Computer does not understand it

Your first C++ program 1

// Fig. 2.1: fig02_01.cpp

2

// Text-printing program.

3

#include // allows program to output data to the screen

4 5

// function main begins program execution

6

int main()

7

{

8

std::cout << "Welcome to C++!\n"; // display message

9 10

return 0; // indicate that program ended successfully

11 12 } // end function main

Comments (Line 1 & 2) 

At the beginning of a program 

Comments to describe the program  Author  Date/time  Copyright information  Descriptions of the program  

Purpose How to use this program

Add an 1-line comment 

//  

One-line comment Syntax // your comments here



Example // Fig. 2.1: fig02_01.cpp // Text-printing program.

Add multiple lines of comments 

/* */  

Multiple-line comment Syntax /*



first line of your comments second line of your comments third line of your comments */

Example /* Fig. 2.1: fig02_01.cpp Text-printing program. */

1 // Fig. 2.1: fig02_01.cpp 2 // Text-printing program. 3 #include // allows program to output data to the screen 4 5 // function main begins program execution 6 int main() 7 { 8

std::cout << "Welcome to C++!\n"; // display message

9 10

return 0; // indicate that program ended successfully

11 12 } // end function main

Include a header file (Line 3) 

# 

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Header file  

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Notify the “preprocessor” before compiling C++ has some built-in library We need to “include” the library before using it

#include  

is used to input data or output data Always include if you want to input data or output data in a program

Beginning of the main function (Line 6) 

int main  

Main program in every C++ program int  



Integer Main program returns an interger

{ 

Begin of a function

Display on the screen (Line 8) 

Std::cout << “Welcome to C++!\n”; 

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Std:: cout  

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“” 

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\n 

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Display “Welcome to C++!” on screen

; 

Output text on screen From “ this is a string” Change a line Every statement ends with “;”

Output a special character std::cout << “Welcome to C++!\n”; Escape sequence

Description

\n

Newline. Position the screen cursor to the beginning of the next line.

\t

Horizontal tab. Move the screen cursor to the next tab stop.

\r

Carriage return. Position the screen cursor to the beginning of the current line; do not advance to the next line.

\a

Alert. Sound the system bell.

\\

Backslash. Used to print a backslash character.

\'

Single quote. Use to print a single quote character.

\"

Double quote. Used to print a double quote character.

Return (Line 10) 

Return 0; 



Indicate the main program ended successfully Include this line in every main program

End of the main function (Line 12) 

} 



End of the main function

Syntax of the main function int main() { this is your program

}

1 // Fig. 2.1: fig02_01.cpp 2 // Text-printing program. 3 #include // allows program to output data to the screen 4 5 // function main begins program execution 6 int main() 7 { 8

std::cout << "Welcome to C++!\n"; // display message

9 10

return 0; // indicate that program ended successfully

11 12 } // end function main

Programming with a style 

Use comments 



 

Other people cannot understand your codes without comments You may forget what you wrote before 

Use space between lines Use tab between sections

What have we learned today? 

Course logistics  https://ceiba.ntu.edu.tw/951cpp  Textbook 

 



Deitel & Deitel, "C++ How to Program"

Introduction Your first C++ program  Beginning of Chapter 2 (2.1~2.2) Things to do in this week  Get your textbook  Get your Visual C++ (or Dev C++)  Start reading Chapter 2  (optional) read Chapter 1