Koothharangam Issue 27

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1

Mb 2008

$j;juq;fk;

2

Muk;gk; - gq;Fdp - 2004 Mb - 2008> mspfi ; f 27

rdr%f epiyaq;fspy; ehlfr; nraw;ghLfs; mtrpak;

jpwe;j kdnkhd;W Ntz;Lk; gpujk Mrphpah;

Nj.Njthde;j; ,iz Mrphpah;

m.tp[aehjd; eph;thf Mrphpah;

Nj.gpNukhde;j;

kJkjp tre;jFkhh; cs;@uhl;rp cjtp Mizahsh;> aho;g;ghzk;.

tbtikg;G:

gpNuk; fzpdpj; jl;lr;R:

e.f[pj;jh ntspaPL: nray;jpwd; muq;f ,af;fk;. Active Theatre Movement njhlh;GfSf;F: \\mUsfk;||> Mbaghjk; tPjp> jpUney;Ntyp> aho;g;ghzk;> ,yq;if.

rdr%f epiyaq;

fs; vq;fsJ fiy fis tsh;ff ; Ntz; ba ikaq;fs;. gz; njh.Ng.: 0602216222> 0777286220 ila fhyj;jpy; kf; e.mail: [email protected], fs; $b ,Ue; j [email protected], ,lq;fspy;jhd; [email protected] fiyfs; tsh; e ; J Web: www.koothharangam.co.nr te;jpUg;gijf; fhzyhk; . ,jpy; rdr%f epiyaq;fs; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpjj ; d. ,d; iwa ehl;Lr; #oyhy; aho;gg ; hzj;jpy; fiy epfo;T fs; Fiwe;jstpy;jhd; rd r%f epiyaq;fshy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. rdr%f epiyaq;fspy; fiyfis tsh;jn ; jLg;g jw;F> ehlff; fiyapy; Mh;tk; cs;sth;fs; rd r%f epiyaq;fSld; Nrh;eJ ; Ntiy nra;a Ntz; Lk;. mg;NghJjhd; ehlff; fiyia rdr%f epiy aq;fSf;F Clhf tsh;ff ; f; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. r%fj;jpw;Fj; Njitahd Kf;fpa fUj;Jf;fis ehlfk; %yk; rpWth; Kjy; nghpNahh; tiu ,yF thf vLj;Jr; nry;yf; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,d;iwa fhyfl;lj;jpy; aho;g;ghz kf;fs; gj;jphpif %yk; jhd; $Ljyhd fUj;Jfisg; ngw;W tUfpwhh;fs;. ehlfj;Jiwia tPhpak; kpff ; jhf ehq;fs; tsh;jJ ;

cs;Ns....!

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Nguhrphpah; mikjp muR Neh;fhzy;

rPh;jpUj;j ehlff; fiyQh; rPth ghitf; $j;J

12

vLj;Njhkhdhy; mjd; %yKk; kf;fSf;Fj; Njit ahd> cz;ikahd fUj;Jfisf; nfhLg;gJld; tpopgG ; zh;itAk; Vw;gLj;jf; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. kf;fspilNa fUj;Jfis vLj;Jr; nry;tjw;F vkJ jpizf;fsj;jpd; %yk; ehlfj;Jiwiag; gad;gLj;jp tUfpdN ; whk;. vdpDk; ,g;nghOJjhd; mJ Muk;g epiyapy; ,Uf;fpwJ. ehlfk; %yk; kf; fspilNa tpopgG ; zh;it Vw;gLj;j KbAk;. cs;Suhl;rpj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; fPo; ,aq;Fk; mikg; Gfs; ehlfj;ij jq;fSila xU Clfkhfg; gad; gLj;Jfpd;wd. me;j Kaw;rpapy; vkJ #o;epiy fhuzkhfg; gpd;dilT fhzg;gLfpwJ. ehlfj; Jiw tsh;r;rpia mjpfhpg;gjw;F $j;juq;fj;jpd; Kaw;rp kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdJ. mNjNeuk; $j;juq;fj;jhy; toq;fg;gLfpdw ; nra;jp fs; fpuhkg; Gwq;fspy; ,Uf;fpdw ; vkJ E}y; epiy aq;fSf;Fk; nry;tjdhy; fy;tp uPjpahfTk;> ehlfj; Jiw tsh;rr ; p uPjpahfTk; kf;fSf;Fj; Njitahd xU gzpia $j;juq;fk; toq;fp tUfpdw ; J. ,d;iwa Clfq;fspd; Nghf;Ffshy; vkJ fiy fspd; kPJ kzth;fSf;F ,Uf;Fk; Mh;tk; Fiwah ky; ,Uf;f ehlfj;Jiwia tsh;jn ; jLf;f Ntz;b aJ mtrpak;. ehlfj;NjhL Nrh;eJ ; Vida gy fiy

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14

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19 fhj;jhidf; fhf;Fk; Kaw;rp

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ngz;fs; epfo;jj; pa fhyf; fdT

Gjpa fsk;> Gjpa mDgtk; Nj.Njthde;j;

nr d; i dapypUe; J ghz; b r;

Nrhpf; F ngz; f Sf; f hd Xh; mspf;ifia toq;Ftjw;fhfr; nrd;w ngz;fNsahd Xh; muq; ff; FOTld; gazpj; J mth; fspd; Mw;Wifiag; ghh;f;fpd;w re;jh;g;gk; nrg;nlk;gh; khjj;jpd; xU khiyg; nghOjpy; fpilj; jJ.

ghy; e piy (Gender) rhh;e;j gl;liwf; fs nkhd; w py; (n`hl; Nly;) ‘kug;ghr;rp’ muq; ff; FO jahhpj; J m.kq; i fapd; newpg; gLj; j ypy; cUthd ‘fhyf; fdT’ vd;w cs; sf muq;fntsp Mw;W ifiag; ghh;ff ; Kbe; jJ. ehlfj;jpw;fhd vOj; J Uit t.fPjh Gj; j hf; f topKiwg; ghzpapy; vOjpAs; shh;. newpahsh; kw; Wk; Mw;WNthUld; fye;JNgrp ,jid vOjpapUf; f pwhh; . gjpd;ehd;fhtJ jlitahf md; W ,e; j ehlfk; Nkil NawpapUe; j J. ngz; fs; rhh;e;J gzpahw;W fpd; w epWtdq; f spy; ,Ue;J (,yq;ifapyp Ue;Jk; jkpo; ehl;bypUe; Jk;) Kg;gJ ngz;fs; kw;Wk; muq;f Mh;tyh; fshd rpy Mz;fs; vd ehw;gJ Ngh; ,e;j cs;sf muq; f py; xd; W $b ,Ue;jdh;. muq;F rhh;e;j ngW khdj;jpYk; cs;slf; fk; rhh;ej ; ngWjpapYk; ‘fhyf; fdit’ Nehf;Fjy; Ntz;

Lk;. ,it ,uz; L k; xd; W ld; xd;W Clhb cUf;nfhz;L je;J epd;w KOikapd; mDgtj;jpy; jpioj;jgb gphpj;J Efu Kw;gL fpdN ; wd;. ehlfj;jpd; ghLnghUs; vt; t hwhd fsj; j py; vt; t hW Ngrg;gl;lJ vd;gJ ,q;F Kf;fpa khdJ.

fijg; nghUs; ngz;fs; gw;wpa tplaq;fisg; NgrKw;gLfpdw ; NghJ> vg;NghJk;

Neh;kiwahd rk;gq;fSk; fij fSk; NkNyhq; F k; toikia fiy> ,yf; f pag; Nghf; F fspy; ,dq; f hz KbAk; . mtyk; > mOif> Njhy;tp> tpuf;jp vd;gJ ePzL ; nry;fpdw ; ‘njhdpgn ; ghUs;’ ghL nghUshtijf; fhzyhk;. ,jw;F khwhf ‘fhyf; fdT’ ehl fj;jpy; rhjfkhd (Positive stories) fijfs; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;bUg; gJ ghuhl;lj;jf;fjhFk;. xU tu yhw;Wg; ghh;itahf> Mq;fhq;Nf “ngz; Rje;jpuk;” Ngrpa ngz; fspd; fijfSk; tho;eJ ; k; NghuhbAk; epdw ; th;fspd; fijfSk; Njh;e;njLf; fg;gl;bUe;jd. gDtiy vOjpa t.fPjh tpd; tuyhw;W Muha;r;rp rhh;e;j Kaw;rp ghuhl;Lf; FhpaJ. mth; jdJ vOj; Jg; gbKiw “Gj;jhf;fr; nraw; g hL” epiwe; j J vd;W Fwpgg ; plb ; Uf;fpwhh;. xt;nthU Mw;Wifapd; gpd;Dk; eilngWfpd;w fye;Jiuahly;fs; vOj; JUit NkYk; nrO ikg;g L j ; j p a p U g ; g j h fTk; NkYk; gy tplaq; fis cs;thq;fp nkUF ngw vOj;JU ,d;Dk; fhj; j pUf; f pd; w J vd; Wk; ehlf Mrphpah; Fwpg; gpLfpdw ; hh;. ,J ehlfj; jpd; ,aq;Fepiy tsh;r; rpiaj; Jyf; f khf; F fpd;wJ. rhp mLj; J ehlfk; Ngrpa tplaj;Jf;F tUNthk;. rpy ngz;fspd; “tho;f; i f” ,q; F gpurtpf; f g; g l; l J vd yhk;. ,jw;F mzp Nrh;gg ; jhf nghpahh;> ghujpahh; Nghd; Nwhhpd; rpj; j he; j q; f s; Nrh;f;fg;gl;lNjhL fpwp]; jt> ,e;J kw;Wk; K];ypk; rka r%fg; ngWkhdq; f Sk; Mq;

Mb 2008

4

$j;juq;fk; jpuNk cgNahfg;gLj;jg;gl;L tU fpwJ.” - vd;w je;ij nghpahhpd; fUj; J k; “cz; i kahd ngz; tpLjiyf; F g; gps; i s ngWk; njhy;iy mbNahL xopeJ ; Nghf Ntz; L k; ” vd; f pwjhd mtuJ fUj;Jk; ,q;F Cd;wpf; ftdpff ; itj;jd. rhjpa NtWghL jhz; b a jpU kzq;fs;> mit rhh;ej ; fUj;Jf; fSf; F ghujpahh; Mjhukhff; nfhz;L tug;gl;lhh;. fy;tp ngz;fspd; tho;tpy; Kf; fpakhdJ mJ mtisf; fhf;fp wJ vd;w fUj;JfSk;$l ,q;F Kd; i tf; f g; g l; l ijf; fhz Kbe;jJ. fhurhuk;: “fhyf; fdT” Mw;Wifapy; xU fhl;rpg; gbkk;.

fhq;Nf tpthjpff ; g;gl;ld. ,jpy; Ngrpa tplaq; f Nsh gyg; gy. mit vy; y htw; i wAk; ehlf Kbtpy; epidtpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;s Kbatpyi ; y. rhp> vd;d tplaq;fs;jhd; Ngrg;gl;ld? fhjy; jpUkzk; gw; w pg; Ngrpap Ue;jhh;fs;. ngz;> fhjy; gw;wpa fUj;Jg; ghpkhw;wq;fs; ntF tphp thf ,lk; n gw; w d. ngz;i z mbikahf;Ffpd;w jpUkz ge; jq;fs; gw;wpg; Ngrg;gl;lJ. taJ Kjph; e ; j Mz; tajpy; kpff; Fiwe;j ngz;izj; jpUkzk; nra;Ak; r%f Vw;ghLfs; rhpahd itah vd;w tpthjk; Kd;itf; fg;gl;lJ. rhjpa xLf;FKiw vt;thW fpl; lg;gh> Re;juhk;ghs; fhjypy; tpis ahbaJ vd;gJ gw;wpg; NgrpapUe; jhh;fs;. rhjpapd; ngauhy; fl;l tpo; f ; f g; g l; l mePjpfs; NjhY hpjJ ; f; fhl;lg;gl;ld. ngz;fis Nfhapyf ; spy; Neh;eJ ; tpLfpdw ; ‘khh;jj ; k;kh’ Kiwik> Njtjhrp Kiwik vd;gd Mzh jpff ; r%fj;jpd; ntspgg ; hLfNs vd;W $WtjpYk; ‘fhyf; fdT’ jaTjhl;rz;ak; fhl;ltpy;iy. ,e;J kjj;jpd; cld;fl;il VWk; kuG gw;wpAk;$l Ngrg;gl;lJ. ngz; f is “%b”f; fhf; f pd; w K];ypk; r%f mikg;G fhl;lg; gl;lJld; Nkw;nrhd;d mePjpf spy; ,Ue; J ngz; f isf; fhf; Fk;> tpLtpf;Fk; xU mikg;ghf fpwp]; j t kjKk; mjd; mUl; rNfhjhpfSk; tpsq; f pdhh; f s; vd;Wk; Ngrg;gl;lJ. ,jw;F mjpf

Neuk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl;lJk; ,q;F Rl;bf;fhl;lj;jf;fJ. xU Miz ,uz; L ngz; f s; jpUkzk; nra;tJ> mth;fs; ez; gh;fshf ,Ug;gJ vd;gd gw;wpa “r%f xt;thik rhh;ej ; ” tplaq; fisAk;$l ‘fhyf; fdT’ JzpT ld; NgrpaJ; ghuhl;Lf;FhpaJ. fhyq; f hykhf ePz; l tpthjj; Jf;Fhpa tplakhf jkpo; r%fj; jpy; tpsq; F fpd; w ‘ngz; f spd; fw;G’ gw;wp ePz;l> Mo> mfyk; epiwe;j tpthjq;fs; Kd;itf; fg;gl;ld. ,jw;F Mjhukhf r% fg; Gul;rpahsuhfTk;> Kw;Nghf; fhsuhfTk; ,dq;fhzg;gLfpdw ; je;ij nghpahhpd; fUj;JfSk; nfhs;iffSk; vLj;jpak;gg;gl; ld.

Nfs;tpf;Fs;shdit n n n n n n n

rhjpa xLf;FKiw Njtjhrp Kiw ngz;fis “%b”f;fhf; Fk; r%f mikg;G Mz;-ngz; cwT fw;G ngz; fy;tp fyg;G kzk;

“fw; G vd; f pd; w thh; i jahdJ kdpjr; r%fj;jpy; rhp ghjpahd vz; z pf; i fAs; s ngz; f is mbikg;gLj;jp itg;gjw;F khj;

rkaj;jpd; vy;iy jhz;ba jpU kzq; f spd; Vw; G epiy Njit vd;gijAk; ‘fyg;G kzk;’ ele; jijAk;$l ,q;F Rl;bf;fhl;bap Ue;jhh;fs;. “Rg;igah; kfis xU ee; j Ndh xU mg; J y; fhjNuh fypahzQ; nra;tij ve;j me; epa Ml; r p jLf; f pwJ?” vd; w fUj; J ,q; F Nehf; f w; g hyJ. (FQ;rpjk;) Mf> ,j;jid tplaq;fis xU kzp Neuj;jpy; vl;Lg; ngz;fs; Ngrpj; js;spdhh;fs; vd;gJ ek;g Kbahj xd;whfNt ,Uf;fpwJ. kpff; fdjpahd tplaq;fs; gy tw;iw Mq;fhq;Nf vwpeJ ; tpiu thf ehlfk; efh;ej ; jhy;> mJ $w te; j fUj; J fis rw; W epd; W epjhdpj; J cs; t hq; f Kba tpy;iy vd;gij xU Nghjhik ahfNt czu Kbfpdw ; J. fdjp ahd tplaq;fs; rpytw;iw my; yJ xd; i w kl; L Nk vLj; J NkYk; Mokhf> czh;Tld; Ngrp apUf;fyhk; Nghd;wpUe;jJ. ,q;F Ngrpa xt;nthU tplaq;fSk; xU ehlff; fUthff; nfhs;sg;glj; jf;fd. Mw;Wif tbtk; rhh;ej ; ngWkh dj;ij Nehf;Ffpd;w NghJ> kpf vspikahd tbtk; ifahsg;gl; bUe;jJ. xU ju(X) tbtpy; gha; fis tphpj; J ehd; F GwKk; ghh;itahsh;fis ,Uj;jpapUe; jhh;fs;. kpf neUf;fkhf ghh;it ahsh;fs; kj;jpapy; Mw;Wif nra; tjw; F Mw; W NthUf; F kpFe; j jd;dk;gpf;if mtrpakhfpd;wJ. mjid ,q; F xt; nthU Mw;WNthhplKk; fhz Kbe;jJ. ‘fhyf; fdT’ ngz;zpa tuyhw;W

5

kpff; fdjpahd tplaq; f s; gytw; i w Mq; f hq; N f vwpe; J tpiuthf ehlfk; efh;e;jjhy;> mJ $w te;j fUj;Jfis rw;W epdW ; epjhdpjJ ; cs;thq;f Kbatpyi ; y vd;gJ xU Nghjhik. Mtz ehlfnkd;W Fwpg;gplg; gLfpd; w J. cs; s lf; f uPjpapy; mJ rhpahdjhf ,Ue; j hYk; mspf;if Kiwikapy; mjid xU ‘tpsf; f Tiu muq; f hfNt (Theatre for demonstration) ,dq; fhz KbfpwJ. xt;nthU fijAk; fUj;Jk; fhyk; kw;Wk; Mjhuj;Jld; Fwpg;gplg; gl; l J. ciuahly; f s; kw; W k; cly; epiyfs; > thh; j ; i japd; Vw;w ,wf;fq;fs; Mw;Wifia caph;ngwr; nra;jd. ,q;F ghj; jpuq;fs; vd;W vitAk; ,y;iy. ghj;jpuq;fis rpj;jhpf;Fk; Kaw; rpAk; eilngwtpy; i y. xt; nthU fijfspd; KbtpYk; xt; nthU ngz;fspd; fijfSk;{ njhlh; G ila Mtzq; f Sk; kz;lgj;jpy; E}ypy; fl;bj; njhq;f tplg;gl;ld. njsptpd; i k ,Ue; j hy; ghh; g ; Nghh; mtw;iw vLj;Jr; nrd;W Nkyjpf jfty; ngwKbAk;. Mf> Kjypy; tpsf; fk;> rpy mirTfs; gpd; mJ njhlh;ghd mr;rbf;fg; gl;l tplaq;fs; thrpf;fg;gLjy; gpdd ; h; mJ E}ypy; fl;bj; njhq;f tplg;gLjy; vd;W Mw;Wif fl;l ikf; g;gl;bUe;jJ. ,ilapilNa ,irg; ghly;fSk; Mw;Wiff;F tYr; Nrh;jj ; d. rpy gbkq; f s; (Image) Mq; f hq; N f

muq;f ntspia moFgLj;jpd vdyhk;. gpujhdkhf ifapy; ‘jg;G’ (giw) xd;Wld; jhsk; nfhl;b ghbAk; jhsj;jpw;Nfw;g trdq; fis gpurtpjJ ; k; MbAk; mire; Jk; Mw;Wifia fyfyg;ghf;fpa Mw;Wifahsh; ,d;Dk; kdjpy; epw;fpwhh;. etPd muq;fpd; xU $whf mz; ikf; fhyj;jpy; typAWj;jg;gL fpd;w “ghh;itahsh;fSk; gq;F nfhs;sy;” vd;gij kpf Neh;j;jp ahf newpahsh; Nkw; n fhz; bUe;jhh;. ghh;g;NghUk; Mw;Wif apd; gq; f hspfshdhh; f s; . mr; rbf;fg;gl;l jhs;fspy; ,Ue;j jf ty;fisg; ghh;itahsh;fs; chpa Neuj; j py; thrpj; j hh; f s; . ehlf ,Wjpapy; fye; J iuahlypYk; gq;F nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;. kw;Wk; jq;fs; fUj;Jf;fis kz;lgj; jpy; itf;fg;gl;bUe;j nts; isj; Jzpnahd;wpy; vOj;jpYk; Mh;t khfg; gjpT nra;jhh;fs;. ,e; j epiyf; F g; ghh; i tahsh; fis ,Oj;J tUtjw;fhd gb Kiw ‘fhyf; fdT’ ehlfj;jpy; fhzg;gl;bUe;jJ vdyhk;. ghh;it ahsh; fye;Jiuahlypd; NghJ njhptpf;fg;gl;l xU tplak; vjph; fhyj;jpy; fUj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz; b a xd; w hFk; . mjhtJ ngz;fis kl;Lk; ,yf;Fg; ghh;it

ahsh;fshff; nfhs;shJ Mz; fisAk; ,e;j Mw;Wif ghh;it ahsh;fshf cs;sPh;j;jy; mtrp ak;. Mw; W if vspikahd tbtj; ijf; nfhz;bUe;jJld; fdjp ahd rpff ; y; epiwe;j gy tplaq; fisg; NgrpaJ. ,jid NkYk; czh; T g; ngWkhdj; J lDk; > ehlfg; g hq; f hd ,aq; F epiy AlDk;> ntsprhh;ej ; ngWkjpAl Dk; nrwpthf;fyhk;. mspf;if apy; NkYk; gytifg; ghpkhzq; fs; ,iztJ moF Nrh;fF ; k;. fhyq; fhykhf vkJ r%fj;jpy; ngz;fs; fhZk; fdTfs; ep[ khf Ntz; L nkd; w fdNthL kpfj; jPtpuk; kpFe;j Mw;wNyhL ‘fhyf; fd’it mspfi ; f nra;j ngz;fs; ghuhl;lg;glNtz;ba th;fs;. vij ehlfj;jpy; Ngrpdhh;fNsh mjid ek;Gfpd;wth;fshfTk;> tho;tpy; filg;gpbf;f Kaw;rpg; gth;fshfTk; cs;s mth;fisf; fhZfpdw ; NghJ Mr;rhpakhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. Fwpgg ; hf ‘fhyf; fdT’ newpahsh; njhlh;eJ ; ehlfj;jpd; kPJ jhd; nfhz;l gw;WjiyAk; jhd; nrhy;Yk; jj;Jtj;jpd; kPJ nfhz; L s; s gw; W WjpiaAk; ed;F ntspgg ; Lj;jpapUf;fpwhh;. n

neUf;fk;: “fhyf; fdT” Mw;Wifapy; ,ilapy; Mw;WNthh; ghh;itahsh;fSld; kpf neUf;fkhf ciuahLfpdw ; dh;.

Mb 2008

6

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Ê´a°Ô^, ∂¶¬z xÁ≈Ô^ \oÕm º√V•^·™. ÷kuÁ≈ \¬Ôπ¶tÚÕm ÔÁ·B ºkı|D. cı Á\ÁB cðÏ›> ºkı|D. cðÏ° ÿ√V∫Ô ºkı |D ®[≈ cðÏ°Ô^ ÊkVs[ \™]_ ®øÕ>™. ƒJ Ôfl ÊÏ]Ú›>¬ ÔÚ›mÔÁ· ÂV¶Ô\V¬˛› >BVˆ›m 1955÷_ ∂´∫ºÔu§™VÏ. ÿÔV¬zso_ ‘ƒJÔ ÊÏ] Ú›> ÂV¶Ô \[≈D’ ®[≈ Œ[Á≈ cÚkV¬˛ ∂>[ JÈD >™m ÂV¶Ô∫ÔÁ· WÔµ›] kÕ>VÏ. ÷kÁ´© º√V[Æ ]´Vs¶¬ ÔÚ›mÔ·V_ ®øflE ÿÔVı¶ ŒÚ zø ∂kÚ¶[ ÷ÚÕ>m. ÷kÏ 09 kÚ ¶∫Ô^ ÿÔV¬zs_ ƒ™ƒJÔ WÁÈB› >ÁÈk´VÔ ÷ÚÕm, ∂>–¶[ >™m ÂV¶Ô \[≈›Á>•D ÷Áð›m ƒ™ ƒJÔ WÁÈBD JÈ\VÔ k^jk[ swV, √V´] swV, >tµ› ]™ swV ®™© √È swV¬Ô^ ®|›m ƒJÔfl ÊÏ]Ú›>¬ ÔÚ›mÔÁ·© º√flƒV·ÏÔ^ JÈD ÿƒVu ÿ√Va°Ô·VÔ°D ÔÁÈQÏÔ^ JÈD guÆÁÔ Ô·VÔ°D WÔµ›] kÕ>VÏ. ÷ÀkVÆ ƒJÔ ÊÏ]Ú›> ÂV¶Ô∫Ô·VÔ º\Á¶ºBu≈© √‚¶ ÷k´m ÂV¶Ô∫Ô^ \¬Ô^ \›]l_ ÿ√ÚD k´ ºkuÁ√© ÿ√u≈™. ÔÁÈ ÷´ƒÁ™ÁB ∞u√|›]™. ºÔ.ÊkV ®™ ®_ºÈV´VKD ∂Áw¬Ô©√‚¶VÏ. ÊkV s[ ÂV¶ÔD ®[≈V_ ƒ™¬Ì‚¶D W´D∏ ka•\VD ∂Õ>¬ ÔVÈ›]_. ƒJÔ ÊÏ]Ú›>›m¬ÔVÔ ÂV¶ÔD ÿƒF>º>V| W] c>s ÔÚ]•D EÈ ÂV¶Ô∫ÔÁ· ∂kÏ º\Á¶ºBu§•^·VÏ. ÷kÏ ®ø] ÿ§BV^ÁÔ ÿƒF> ÂV¶Ô∫Ô”^ ‘#¬z º\Á¶’, ‘Œº´ gÁƒ’, ‘BVÏ ÿƒF> zu≈D’, ‘ƒV¬´œ¸ ]BVÔ kVµ°’, ‘÷È‚EB© √VÁ>lºÈ’, ‘ÔsQ[ z´_’ º√V[≈Ák z§©∏¶›>¬Ô™. ÷k´m ∂Á™›m ÂV¶Ô∫ÔπKD >tøðÏ° ÔÈÕm^·m. ŒÚ EÈ ƒˆ›]´ ÂV¶Ô∫ÔÁ·•D ÷kÏ cðÏ° ÿ√V∫Ô© √Á¶›m^·VÏ. ÷kÏ >™m ÿÔV^ÁÔÔÁ·fl ƒJÔ›]uz ÿkπ© √|›> ÂV¶Ô ∂´∫ÁÔ¬ ÁÔBVıΩÚÕ>VKD ∂m ŒÚ ÔÁÈ ÿkπ©√V¶VÔºk ÷ÚÕ>m. ÔÚ›Á>fl ÿƒV_ KD ∂º>ºkÁ· 40 kÚ¶∫Ô”¬z º\ÈVÔ ÂV¶Ô¬ ÔÁÈÁB k·Ï›m kÕm^·VÏ. ÷k´m ÔÁÈfl ºƒÁk ÁB© √V´V‚Ω √È sÚmÔ^ kw∫Ô©√‚|^·™. 1980÷[ ∏[ ∞u√‚¶ ∂´EB_ ÛwÈV_ >™m ƒJÔ sa©AðÏ°fl ÿƒBu√V|ÔÁ·¬ ÁÔs‚| Œm∫˛© º√VFs‚¶VÏ ÊkV. ÿ\[º\KD mB´©√‚| ÂoÕm ÿƒ_KD >ta™›Á>© √u§¬ ÔkÁÈ©√|˛≈VÏ. ÂV‚| WÁÈÁ\ ÷¶∫ÿÔV|¬z\V™V_ *ı|D >™m ÂV¶Ô ∂´∫ÁÔ© √B[√|›]fl ƒJÔ ÊÏ]Ú›>fl ÿƒBu√V|ÔÁ· x[ÿ™|©º√[ ®[˛≈VÏ. n

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7

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8

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“njUf;$j;Jj;jhd; jkpoh; ehlfj;jpwf ; hd mbg;gil my;yJ milahsk; vd;gjpy; cq;fSf;F ,zf;fg;ghL cz;lh?” “$j;J vd;w nrhy;iy ehk; Kjypy; GhpeJ ; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. fijia Kd;dpWj;jpa ,irNahL $ba Ml;lk; mJjhd; $j;J. Ml; lk;jhd; ,q;F Kf;fpak;. “jkpoff; fiy vd;gJ tl;lh uk; rhh;e;j fiy. xt;nthU gpuNjrj;jpw;Fk; xUtpjkhd tbtk; ,Uf;Fk;. xU fhyj; jpy; $j;J jkpofk; KOtJk; NtWNtW tbtq;fshf ,Ue; jJ. njUf;$j;J> fdpahz; $j;J> rf;iff; $j;J vd;W epiwa tbtq;fs; ,Ue;jd. mg;gbg; ghh;f;Fk; NghJ jkpo Uf;fhd> jkpo; muq;Ff;fhd xNu tbtk; $j;Jj;jhd; vd;W nrhy;tJ epahakhdjhf vdf; Fj; Njhd;wtpyi ; y. Mdhy;> jkpoh;fSf;fhd ehlff; $W fisf; nfhz; l mbg; g il ahf mJ ,Ue; j J vd; W nrhy;tjpy; ve;jtpjj; jtWk; ,y;iy vd;Nw Njhd;WfpwJ. “jkpo; ehl;by; ,e;j tplak; gw; w p mwpT rhh; e ; J k; murpay; rhh; e ; J k; epiwa tpthjq;fs; elj;jpUf;fpdw ; d. $j;J vd;gJ jkpoh; fSila nghJthd muq;fg; ghuk;ghpak; vd;W Ghpe;J nfhs;sg;gl;lhy;> mJ vy;yhg; gFjp kf; fSf;Fkhd tbtkhf ,Ue;jhy;> Vd; jpUney;Ntyp apy; $j;Jg; NghLk; NghJ vLglkhl;Nld; vd;fpwJ? jpUney;Ntypapy; ,Uf;Fk; fdpahz; $j;ij tl Mw;fhl;L khtl;lj;jpy; Nghl;lhy; Vd; Ghpakhl; Nld; vd;fpwJ? $j;J xU nghJ tbtk; vd;why; mJ vy;yhj; jkpoh;fshYk; Ghpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;l tbtkhf ,Uf; f Ntz; L Nk? $j; J mg; g b ,y; iyNa? vd;fpw Nfs;tpfs; vOfpdw ; d. “cjhuzkhf nra;ahW jhYf;fhg; gFjpiar; Nrh;ej ; fz; zg;g jk;gpuhd;> tlf;f jk;gpuhd; $j;ij jpU ney;Ntypapy; NghLk;NghJ> Jr;rhjdd; jpnusgjp apd; Jfpy; chpAk; fhl;rpapy>; “vd;dlh ,td; ngz; zpd; Glitiag; gpbj;J ,Of;fpwhd;” vd;W $wpf; Fog; gk; tpistpj;Js;shh;fs;. mijNa vq;fs; Chpy; NghLk;NghJ MNtrg;gLfpwhh;fs;> rhkpahL fpwhh;fs;. vy;yhNk xNu jkpor ; ; r%fk;jhd;. Guhz ,jpfhrq; f Sk; xd; W jhd; . MdhYk; GhpjYk;

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“jkpo; muq;F my;yJ jkpoh; muq;F vd;gjw;fhd Ghpjy; vd;d?” “,uz;L tpjkhd ghuk;ghpaj;ijr; nrhy;fpwhh;fs;. xd;W $j;Jg; ghuk;ghpak;. kw;nwhd;W ehlfg; ghuk; ghpak;. $j;J vd;gJ Ml;lj;ij Kd;dpWj;jpa tb tj;jpy; ,Ue;J Muk;gpjJ ; ,g;NghJ ,Uf;fpw njUf; $j;J my;yJ kw;iwa $j;J tiuf;Fkhd Ml;l tbtk;. muq;f tbtk; vd;gJ njhy;fhg;gpak; $Wk; ehlf tof;F vd;w nrhy;ypy; ,Ue;J GhpeJ ; nfhs; sg;gl;l ehlfk; vd;w mspf;if Kiw. Fwpg;ghf gs;S ehlfq;fs;> uh[ uh[d; ehlfq;fspy; Muk; gpjJ ; gpdd ; h; rpyg;gjp fhuj;jhy; tsh;jn ; jLf; fg;gl;l

Mb 2008

10

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$j;juq;fj;jpw;fhd Mf;fq;fSk; Ma;TfSk; tuNtw;fg;gLfpdw ; d. ntspahFk; fl;Liufs;> Mf;fq;fs;> nrt;tpfs; gw;wpa fUj;jg; gfphT ; fSk; nghpJk; tpUk;gg;gLfpdw ; d. ‘mUsfk;’> Mbaghjk; tPjp> jpUney;Ntyp> aho;gg; hzk; vd;w KfthpfN; fh [email protected]

vd;w kpdd ; Q;ry; KfthpfN; fh mtw;iw mDg;gp itf;fyhk;. Mb 2008

12

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ghitf; $j;J vd;gJ muq;fpd;

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2

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fl;Liu mjpfhhpfs; fUjpdh;. ,q;fpyhe;J fy;tp ghitf;$j; Jf; fofj;jpd; %ykhf ghitf;$j;jpd; fy;tp mk;rk; nghpJk; Kd;Ndw;wk; mile;Js;sJ. ,r;rq;fk; gy jug; g l; l taJs; s rpWth; f spd; jpwikf; N fw; f ghitf;$j;ij fy;tpahfg; Nghjpgg ; NjhL> taJte; NjhUf;F ,jidg; nghONghf;Fr; rhjdkhfTk; gpu rhuQ; nra;fpdw ; J. ,r;rq;fk; yz;ld; khefhpy; fhyj;jpwF ; f; fhyk; gy ghitf; $j;Jf; fz;fhl;rpfis Vw;gLj;jp me;ehl; bd; gy ghfq; f spypUe; J tUk; khzth; f Sf; F ghitf; $j;jpd; gy mk;rq;fisg; gw;wpa nrhw; nghopTfs; elj;JtNjhL> rpwhh;fshNyNa elj;jg; gLk; ghitf; $j;JfisAk; fz;Lfspf;f Vw;ghL nra;fpdw ; J. rpWth;fspilNa ghitf; fiyia Cf;F tpf;Fk; Kfkhf ghitf; $j;J rk;ge;jkhd jpiug; glq;fSk; fhl;lg;gLfpdw ; d. aho;gg ; hzj;jpy; ghitf; $j;J vg;gb ,Ue;jJ vd;gJ FwpjJ ; ‘,e;J rhjd’ gj;jphpif Mrphpah; gz;bjh; k.Nt.jpU Qhd rk;ge;jh; 1951k; Mz;L itfhrp khjk; 11k; jpfjp jkJ gj;jphpifapy; Mrphpah; jiyg;ghf vOjpa gFjpia Fwpgg ; pLjy; nghUj;jkhFk;. “tl ,e;jpa ghitf;$j;jpwF ; k; njd;dpej ; pa ghitf; $j;jpw;Fk; NgjKz;L. tl ,e;jpah; nghpa ghit fisr; nra;J njUj;NjhWk;> tPL NjhWQ;nrd;W Ml;bf; fhl;b mw;g gzk; thq;fpfn ; fhz;L mg;ghw; nry;tuhk;. Mdhy;> njd;dpej ; pahtpy; mg;gb ad;W. mq;F ,uhf; fhyj;jpNy rpwe;j ehlfq;fs; ghit fisf; nfhz;L elj;jg;gLfpdw ; d. ghitf; $j;ijr; rpwf;fr; nra;tjw;F %d;W ngaUil xj;Jiog;G Ntz;Lk;. ghitfspd; jiy Kjypa mq;fq; fisr; nra;J Nrh;j;jikg;gtd;> ghitfl;F Vw;w cil aikg;Nghd;> ghitia Ml;bitf;Fk; el;Ltd;. rpy fhyj;jpy; el;Ltd; Ml;l> mz;zhtpnad;w ehd; fhtnjhUtd; ghLtJKz;L. ,g;gbahdhy; ehy; tUila xj;Jiog;G Ntz;Lk;. “ghitfspd; mq; f q; f s; ePz; l fk; g pfspdhNy njhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;jf; fk;gpfspd; Ejpfis nay;yhk; Vw;wthW el;Ltd; jd; if Kjyhk; mq; fq;fspy; khl;bg; ghl;Lf;FQ; re;jh;g;gj;jpw;FNkw;g

13

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14

$j;juq;fk;

Foe;ij ghtid nra;Ak; Foe;ij k.rz;Kfypqf; k; midtUk; : ngd; d k; nghpa ngupait ePq; f s; ghh;j;jplNt ehk; ehlfk; ebg;Nghk;. rpdd ; Q; rpwpa rpwpath; ehq;fs; nra; Ak; gpio ahTk; nghWj;jpl NtZk;. (xUth; ghl kw;wth;fs; jpUk;gg; ghlyhk;) xUth; : cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij cq; f isg; ghh; j ; J j; j hd; ghtid nra; A k; . mk;kh> mg;gh tpisahl; ljid Miug; ghh; j ; J gps; i s nra;apJ? Muk;gg; gs;sp tPL jhNd mg;gh mk;kh Mrpupah; epuk;gg; ghlk; gpsi ; s fw;Fk; ey;y tPlb ; y; ey;y maypy; midtUk; : ghtid nra;J ehq;fs; ngupatuh fNt ebg;Nghk;. ehkidtUNk ,d;W ey;yNjhh; ehlfk; ebg;Nghk;. ebg;Nghk;... ebg;Nghk;... ebg;Nghk;... (ebg; N ghk; vd; W gyjuk; $wp xUtiu xUth; ghh;j;J “ebg;Nghk;” vd;gjw;Fr; rk;kjk; Nfl;Fk; ghtidapy; ,af;fq;fisr; nra;ayhk;.) ghyh : rup!.... ebg;Nghk;!.... ePqf ; s; vy;yhUk; vd;d njhopy; ghh;ff ; g; NghwPh? ; utp : ehd; xU lhf;Fj;jh;! midtUk; : rup!.... ,th; xU lhf;Fj;jh;! (Neha; ghh;fF ; k; Fohia utp fhjpy; khl;Lthh;.) uF : ehd; xU vQ;rpdpah;. midtUk; : Mfh! ,th; xU vQ;rpdpah; (xU ngupa ghfkhdp> tl;lhupia ifapy; vLg;ghh;.) rq;fh; : ehd; xU vk;.gp midtUk; : ePh; xU vk;.gPNah; mJ vd;d? rq;fh; : ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdh; midtUk; : ghuhSkd; w cWg; g pdNuh? vd; d Ntiy ePh; nra;tPh; rq;fh; : Nehl;B]; mbg;Ngd;. midtUk; : Nehl;B]; mbg;Ngd;. rq;fh; : kf;fSf;Ff; nfhLg;Nd;. midtUk; : kf;fSf;Ff; nfhLg;Nd;. (rq;fh; Nehl;B]; nfhLg;gJ Nghy; ghtid nra;a midtUk; thq;Fth;.) rq;fh; : $l;lk; $l;LNtd;. midtUk; : $l;lk; $l;LNtd;.

nghpath;fSf;fhfr; rpWth;fs;; ebf;Fk; ehlfk; ($l;lk; Nfl;f mkUk; ghtidapy; midtUk; rq;fh; Kd; ,Uj;jy;.) rq;fh; : nrhw;nghopTk; Mw;WNtd;. midtUk; : nrhw;nghopTk; Mw;WNtd;. rq;fh; : kf;fSf;F ey;y Nrit nra;Ntd;. midtUk; : kf;fSf;F ey;y Nrit nra;Ntd;. ghyh : kf;fSf;Fr; Nrit vg;gpbr; nra;tPh? ; midtUk; : kf;fSf;Fr; Nrit vg;gpbr; nra;tPh? ; rq;fh; jiyiar; nrhwpeJ ; f\;lg;gl;L NahrpjJ ; . rq;fh; : Nehl;B]; mbg;Ngd;. kf;fSf;F nfhLg;Ngd;. $l;lk; $l;LNtd;. nrhw;nghopT Mw;WNtd;. midtUk; : mJ rup midtUk; vOe;J ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; midtUk; : cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij fs; cq;fisg; ghj;Jj;jhd; ghtid nra;Ak;. ghyh : kpr; r k; cs; s it vd; d njhopy; nrhy;Yq;Nfh? Nfhghy; : ehd; xU rl;lj;juzp. midtUk; : ehd; xU rl;lj;juzp. ghyh : rl;lj;juzp vd;d nra;tPh.; Nfhghy; : rl;lk; gbg;Ngd;. midtUk; : rl;lk; gbg;Ngd;. Nfhghy; : fWg;Gf; Nfhl;Lg; NghLNtd;. midtUk; : fWg;Gf; Nfhl;Lg; NghLNtd;. Nfhghy; : ePjp kd;wk; NghNtd;. midtUk; : ePjp kd;wk; NghNtd;. Nfhghy; : tof;Fg; NgRNtd;. midtUk; : tof;Fg; NgRNtd;. ghyh : MUf;fhf tof;Fg; NgRtPh? ; Nfhghy; : fhRf;fhf tof;Fg; NgRNtd;. midtUk; : fhRf;fhf tof;Fg; NgRNtd;. (cld; midtUk; Jupjkhf xU ePjpkd;wf; fhl; rpia Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ePjpgjpfF ; Nkir> rhl;rpf; $L- rl;lj;juzpfs; fsk; trjpfs; nra;J nfhs;s yhk; . gpd; midtUk; jkf; F upa Mrdq; f spy; ,Uf;f ePjpgjp ntspapy; ,Ue;J tUthh;. mg;NghJ..) gzpahs; : ePjp kd;wk; mikjp. (ePjpgjp Mrdj;jpy; ,Ue;jgpd; midtUk; mkU

ehlf vOj;JU fpd; w dh; . Kjypahh; iggpis Fw; w thsp Kd; ePl;b...) Kjypahh; : ehd; nrhy;tijr; nrhy;Yk;. ehd; ,e;j ePjpkd;wj;jpy; Fw;wthsp : ehd; nrhy;tijr; nrhy;Yk;. ehd; ,e;j ePjp kd;wj;jpy; Kjypahh; : cz;ikiaj; jtpu vijAk; nrhy;y khl;Nld;. Fw;wthsp : cz;ikiaj; jtpu vijAk; nrhy;y khl;Nld;. Kjypahh; : ,J rj;jpak; Fw;wthsp : ,J rj;jpak; ePjpgjp : ,th; nra;j Fw;wk; vd;d? Kjypahh; : tPLilj;Jf; nfhs;isabj;jhh;. ePjpgjp : ePh>; Fw;wthspah> Rw;wthspah? Kjypahh; : Rw;wthsp gpuG> Rw;wthsp ePjpgjp : vg;Ngh ,e;jf; fsT ele;jJ? Kjypahh; : nrd;w khjk; ,Ugjhk; jpfjp eLr; rhkk;. ePjpgjp : ckf;fhf tof;F ahh; NgRfpwhh;? rl;lj;juzp :ehd; NgRfpNwd; gpuG. ePjphjp : rup elj;Jk;. rl;lj;juzp : nrd;wkhjk; ,Ugjhk; jpfjp eLr; rhkj;jpy; ePh; vq;fpUe;jPh? ; Fw;wthsp : tPlb ; y; ,Ue;Njd;. rl;lj;juzp :tPlb ; y; vd;why;? ePjpgjp : nfhs;isabf;fg;gl;l tPlb ; yh? Fw;wthsp : ,y;iyg; gpuG> vd; tPlb ; y; rl;lj;juzp :ePh; tPlb ; y; ,Ue;jijf; fz;lJ Fw;wthsp : vd; kidtp Iah? rl;lj;juzp :,th; kidtpia mioAq;fs;. Kjypahh; : rj;jpa %h;jj ; papd; kidtp nka;aofp> rhl;rpf$ ; z;by; VWk;. (xU ngz; te;J epw;wy;> Kjypahh; iggpYld; mts;ghy; nrd;W...) Kjypahh; : ehd; nrhy;tijr; nrhy;Yk;. ehd; ,e;j ePjp kd;wj;jpy; nka;aofp : ehd; nrhy;tijr; nrhy;Yk;. ehd; ,e;j ePjp kd;wj;jpy; Kjypahh; : cz; i kiaj; jtpu NtnwijAk; nrhy;y khl;ld; nka;aofp : cz; i kiaj; jtpu NtnwijAk; nrhy;y khl;ld; Kjypahh; : ,J rj;jpak; nka;aofp : ,J rj;jpak; rl;lj;juzp :nrd;w khjk; 20k;; jpfjp eLr; rhkj;jpy; ePh; vq;fpUe;jPh.; nka;aofp : vd; tPlb ; y; ,Ue;Njd;. rl;lj;juzp :mJ ckJ rPjd tPNlh? nka;aofp : rPjdKk; ,y;iy> MjdKk; ,y;iy. thil tPL

15

rl;lj;juzp :thil xOq;fhf nrYj;JfpwPhf ; sh? nka;aofp : khjk; KbAk; Kd; thil nfhLj; jpLNthk;. ePjpgjp : tof;Ff;Fr; rk;ge;jk; ,y;yhj Nfs;tp ,J. rl;lj;juzp :vdJ fl;rpf; fhuUf;Ff; nfhs;is mbf; f Ntz; b a Njit ,Uf; f tpyi ; y vd;gij ep&gpff ; te;Njd;. ePjpgjp : rup njhlUk;. rl;lj;juzp :nrd;w khjk; 20Mk; jpfjp eLr; rhkj; jpy; ckJ fztiu ePh; fz;BNuh? nka;aofp : fhztpy;iy. rl;lj;juzp :fhztpy;iyah? nka;aofp : Mk;> vd; gpdd ; hy; ,Ue;jhh;. rl;lj;juzp :gpdd ; hy; ,Ue;jhuh? nka;aofp : Mk;> vd;gpd;dhy; ,Ue;J epytpy; vdf;Fg; Ngd; ghj;Jf; nfhz;bUe; jhh;. rl;lj;juzp :rup> ePh; Nghfyhk;. nghyp]; mjpfhhp tul;Lk;. (nghyp]; te;J rhl;rpf; $z;by; epww ; y;) rl;lj;juzp :,e; j tof; i fg; gjpT nra; j J ePh; jhNd? nghyp]; : Mk;. rl;lj;juzp: ,e;jf; nfhiy vg;Ngh ele;jJ? nghyp];: nrd;w khjk; 20Mk; jpfjp eLr;rhkk;. rl;lj;juzp: eLr;rhkk; vd;why; nghyp];: ,uT gjpndhd;uiuf;Fk; gd;dpnuz; liuf;Fk; ,ilapy.; rl;lj;juzp: gpuG ,e;j tof;Fg; gjptpy; gpio ,Uf; fpwJ. ePjpgjp: vg;gb? rl;lj;juzp: ,e;jf; nfhiy 20Mk; jpfjp ele;jjh my;yJ 21Mk; jpfjp ele;jjh? nghyp];: 20k; jpfjp ele;jJ. rl;lj;juzp: ,y;iy. rhkk; 12 kzpfF ; Kd; ele; jhy; j hd; 20k; jpfjp.mjw; F g; gpwF ele;jhy; 21k; jpfjp. mg;gbj;jhNd? nghyp];: Mk;. rl;lj;juzp: gpuG> ,e;jr; rl;lg; gpur;rpidiaf; fhl;b ,e;j tof;ifj; js;Sgb nra; Ak;gb Nfl;fpNwd;. ePjpgjp: ,e;j tof;Fj; js;Sgb nra;ag;gL fpwJ. rj;jpa%h;jj ; p> ePh; Nghfyhk;. (ePjpkd;wk; fiyfpwJ. rl;lj;juzp Kd; Nkilapy; tyJ Gwk; epw;f> Fw;wthop mth; mUNf te;J rk;ghrpff ; . kw;iwNahh; gpd; Nkilapy; epww ; y;...) Fw;wthop: Iah> mUikahfg; NgrpdP! rl;lj;juzp: Ngr;rpUf;fl;Lk;. fhR vq;Nf? Fw;wthop: ,Njh Mapuk;. rl;lj;juzp: kprr ; k; Ie;E}W. Fw;wthop: mLj;j njhopypy>; vLj;Jj; jUNtd;.

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$j;juq;fk;

rl;lj;juzp: ,k;... Ntfkha;r; nra;J Kb. Fw;wthop: tof;F te;jhy;> ePqf ; s; ,Uf;f> vdf; Fg; gaNkd;. rl;lj;juzp: ahkpUf;fg; gaNkd;. (kw;wth;fs; Kd;Nkilf;F Xbte;J...) midtUk;: cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij cq; f isg; ghh; j ; J j; j hd; ghtid nra;Ak;. ghyh: ePh; vd; d njhopiyg; ghh; f ; f g; NghfpwPh;? kzp: ehd; fil itg;gd; midtUk;: ehd; fil itg;gd; kzp: fyg;glk; nra;td; midtUk;: fyg;glk; nra;td; kzp : fdyhgk; vLg;gd;. midtUk; : fdyhgk; vLg;gd;. kzp : fy; tPL fl;Ltd;> fhUk; thq;Ftd;. midtUk; : fy; tPL fl;Ltd;> fhUk; thq;Ftd;. kzp : ed;nfhil nfhLg;Ngd;. midtUk; : ed;nfhil nfhLg;Ngd;. kzp : ngupait $bw ngupa fpsg;Gf;F midtUk; : ngupait $bw ngupa fpsg;Gf;F kzp : ngupa jiytuha; vd;idNa itg; gpid. midtUk; : ngupa jiytuha; vd;idNa itg; gpid kzp : gl; l q; f s; jUtpid nghd; d hil Nghg;gpid midtUk; : gl;lq;fs; jUtpid nghd;dhil Nghg;gpid (midtUk; ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; ) midtUk; : cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij fs; cq;fisg; ghh;jJ ; j;jhd; ghtid nra;Ak;. ghyh : rup! rup! ePh; vd;d njhopy; ghh;f;fg; NghfpwPh;? uF : fr;Nrupf; fe;Njhupy; ftpNkd;l; V[d;l; midtUk; : fr;Nrupf; fe;Njhupy; ftpNkd;l; V[d;l ghyh : Mkhk; mJ ngupa cj;jpNahfk;. midtUk; : Mkhk; mJ ngupa cj;jpNahfk;. ghyh : ftpNkd; l ; V[d; l Nu vd; d ePu; nra;tPh;? midtUk;: ftpNkd;l; V[d;lNu vd;d ePu; nra; tPh;? uF : fhy; r ; r l; i l NghLtd; Nfhl; L k; NghLtd;. midtUk; : fhy; r ; r l; i l NghLtd; Nfhl; L k; NghLtd;. uF : ifapiy gf;fw;W thapiy rpfNul;L. midtUk; : ifapiy gf;fw;W thapiy rpfNul;L. (ghtid nra;J fhl;Lth;.)

uF : fhhpiy NghNtd; [Pgg ; pYk; XLtd;. midtUk; : fhhpiy NghNtd; [Pgg ; pYk; XLtd;. uF : fdfhR thq;fpf; fypahzk; nra;td; midtUk; : fdfhR thq;fpf; fypahzk; nra;td; uF : ff;$R tiuf;Fk; khgps; gjpgg ; d; midtUk; : ff;$R tiuf;Fk; khgps; gjpgg ; d; ghyh : fhZk; fhZk; ct;tsTk; NghJk;. midtUk; : fhZk; fhZk; ct;tsTk; NghJk;. ghyh : ehl;Lf;F ey;y Nrit nra;jPh.; (midtUk; ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; ...) midtUk; : cq;fil tPlb ; iy rpdd ; f; Foe;ij fs; cq;fisg; ghh;jJ ; j;jhd; ghtid nra;Ak;. ghyh : ePh; ,Q;ir thUk; ck; njhopy; vd;d? n[ak; : ifapiy gpuk;ig ehDk; vLg;gd;. midtUk; : ifapiy gpuk;ig ehDk; vLg;gd;. n[ak; : fy;Yhup Nehf;fp Ntfkha;g; Nghtd;. midtUk; : fy;Yhup Nehf;fp Ntfkha;g; Nghtd;. ghyh : kw;wf; ifapiy Gj;jfk; ,Uf;FNkh? midtUk; : kw;wf; ifapiy Gj;jfk; ,Uf;FNkh? n[ak; : ntWq; ifahf mf;if ,Uf;Fk;. midtUk; : ntWq; ifahf mf;if ,Uf;Fk;. n[ak; : fhij KWf;f mf;if cjTk;. midtUk; : fhij KWf;f mf;if cjTk;. ghyh : fy;Yhupapy; ePh; vd;d nra;tPh? midtUk; : fy;Yhupapy; ePh; vd;d nra;tPh? ghyh : fdf;fg; gbj;j Mrpupah; ehd;. midtUk; : fdf;fg; gbj;j Mrpupah; ehd;. ghyh : Mrpupah; rpdd ; k; gpuk;gha;j; jhNd ,r;rpWth; rpei ; japy; gjpeJ ; tpll ; J midtUk; : Mrpupah; rpdd ; k; gpuk;gha;j; jhNd ,r;rpWth; rpei ; japy; gjpeJ ; tpll ; J (midtUk; ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; ...) midtUk; : cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij fs; cq;fisg; ghj;Jj; jhd; ghtid nra;Ak;. ghyh; : lhf;Fj;jh; vQ;rpdpah; vz;l ePq;fs; vd;d Ntiy nra;ag; Nghwpas;? utp: uF : ftpdN ; ke; Vr;rd;l; vz;lth; Nghy midtUk; : ftpdN ; ke; Vr;rd;l; vz;lth; Nghy utp : uF : fhy;rr ; l;il NghLtk; Nfhl;Lk; NghL tk; midtUk; : fhy;rr ; l;il NghLtk; Nfhl;Lk; NghL tk; utp : uF : ifapiy igf; f w; W thapiy rpf nul;L midtUk; : ifapiy igf; f w; W thapiy rpf nul;L utp : uF : fhhpYk; Nghtk; [Pgg ; pYk; Nghtk;. midtUk; : fhhpYk; Nghtk; [Pgg ; pYk; Nghtk;.

17 utp : uF : fdfhR thq;fpf; fypahzk; nra;tk; midtUk; : fdfhR thq;fpf; fypahzk; nra;tk; ghyh : fhZk; > fhZk; ct;tsTk; NghJk;. midtUk; : fhZk; > fhZk; ct;tsTk; NghJk;. ghyh : ehl;Lf;F ey;y Nrit nra;jPh; midtUk; : ehl;Lf;F ey;y Nrit nra;jPh; (midtUk; ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; ...) midtUk; : cq;fil tPl;biy rpd;df; Foe;ij fs; cq;fisg; ghj;Jj;jhd; ghtid nra;Ak;;. (ghyh; ghh;itahsiug; ghh;jJ ; ...) ghyh : ngupait ePqf ; s; Nfhtpff ; hky;> midtUk; : ngupait ePqf ; s; Nfhtpff ; hky;> ghyh : ehq; f s; nrhy; t ijf; Nfl; L g; ghUq;Nfh midtUk; : ehq; f s; nrhy; t ijf; Nfl; L g; ghUq;Nfh (ghyh ghl> kw; i wNahh; mbabahf kPz; L k; ghLth;.) ghyh : Nghjidfs; NghJNk rhjidfs; nra;NthNk Nghyp tho;T ePq;fpNa> ngupatho;T thONthk; ehq;fs; nra;Ak; njhopypNy ey;y Nrit nra;Nthk; ehLtho; cioj; J Nk> ehq; f s; cah;eJ ; thONthk; tPLthry; vq; f Zk; > ehL efuk; ahtpYk; ghLgl; L ioj; j pl ehk; > Vio tho; cah;j;JNthk; utp : rup> rup ghyh ePh; vd;d njhopy; nra; ag; NghwPh; midtUk; : Xk;Xk;> ePh; vd;d njhopy; nra;ag; NghwPh; ghyh : nrhy;Ywd; NfSq;Nfh midtUk; : nrhy;Yk; Nfl;fpwk; ghyh : fhy;r;rl;il Nkw;rl;il njhg;gp... rg; g hj; J ftpd; N ke; J j; njhopy; jhNdh njhopyn ; yd;W epidj;jPh; ghyh : ghlq;fs; ed;whfg; gbj;J... ehDk; gl;lq;fs; gyijAk; ngw;wjd; gpdd ; h; midtUk; : gl; l qfs; gyijAk; ngw; w jd; gpd;dh;... ghyh : tptrha Nkw;gbg;GlNd... ehDk; tpupthd KiwapNy tptrhak; nra;Ntd;. midtUk; : tpupthd KiwapNy tptrhak; nra; Ntd;. ghyh : ifj; n jhopy; fly; njhopy; fkj; njhopy; -

ahTk; ew;njhopy; MfNt ehq;fSk; nra;Nthk; ghyh : nra;njhopNy nja;tkhk; vd;W... ehq; f s; nrk; i kaha; r ; rpwg; G ld; nra;jpLnthNk midtUk; : nrk; i kaha; r ; rpwg; G ld; nra; j pL NthNk Nkw;$wpa ghliyg; ghLk; NghJ ifj;njhopy;> fkj;njhopy;> flw;njhopy; Mfpatw;iw %d;W FOf; f shf ebfh; gpupe; J epd; W jhsj; J f; F g; ghtid nra;J fhl;lyhk;. ghyh : ez;gh;fNs! ehq;fs; vy;yhUk; ey; yha;g; gbj;J ehl;Lf;Fr; Nrit nra; Nthk;. midtUk; : XNkhk;> ehq;fs; vy;yhUk; ey;yha;g; gbj;J ehl;Lf;Fr; Nrit nra;Nthk;. (gpd;tUk; mbfis xt;nthd;whf xUth; ghl midtUk; ghLjy;.) xUth; : mk;kh> mg;gh> mz;zh> mf;fh> mk;khd; khkp> khkh NfSq;Nfh! ngd;dk; ngupa ngupait ePqf ; s;> ghh;jj ; plNt ehk; ehlfk; ebj;Njhk;. rpdd ; Q; rpwpa rpwpath; ehq;fs; nra; g piof; nfy; y hk; fhuzk; ePq;fs;. - Kw;Wk; -

rdr%fepiyaq;fspy;.... ’17 fSk; tsh;ff; g;gLtjhy; ,e;j Kaw;rp kpfTk; ga Ds;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;. rdr%f epiyaq;fshy; elj;jg;gLk; Kd;gs;sp fspy; $l ehlfr; nraw;ghLfis jPtpug;gLj;JtJ Kf;fpakhdJ. rpWgpsi ; sfs;> Nghyr; nra;Jjhd; fw;ghh;fs;. ehlfr; nraw;ghLfs; mjw;F cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;. vdNt ,e;j ehlfr; nraw;ghL rdr%f epiyaq;fSlhf tsh;j;njLf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ mtrpakhdJk;> mtrukhdJkhd nraw;ghL vd ehd; fUJfpNwd;. Foe;ijfs; xUtiug; ghh;jJ ; ghtid nra;tjpy; ehl;lKilath;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. mjid xU fw;gpjj ; y; Kiwahfg; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lkhdhy; Mrphpah;fSf;F ehlfj;Jiw rhh;e;j gapw;rpfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;j tifapy; vq;fsJ Kd; gs;sp Mrphpah;fSf;F ehlfj;Jiwg; gapw;rpfis ehk; toq;fpapUf;fpNwhk;. nray; jpwd; muq;f ,af; fk; mtw;iw toq;fpapUe;jJ. ,e;jg; gapw;rpfs; midj;J Mrphpah;fSf;Fk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJjhd; Kd;gs;spr; r%fk; kl;Lkd;wp aho;g; ghzr; r%fKk; KOikahd gad; milAk;. gapw;rp ngw;w Mrphpah;fspD}lhf rpwe;j nthU fw;wy; nraw;ghL Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; NghJ> fw;Fk; Foe; i jfSk; rpwg; g hdth; f shf kpsph; t hh; f s; . vdNt> ,t;thwhd nraw;ghLfs; FlhehL G+uhTk; eilngwNtz;Lk; vd;W tho;jJ ; fpNwd;. n

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Clhl;lk;

$j;juq;fk;

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- guhf;fpuk ePhpnay;y> ,af;F dh;> [df;fusa ehlff; FO.

Mf;fk;

19

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aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ghuk;ghpakhf Mlg;gl;L tUk; $j;Jfspy; fhj;jtuhad; fjputd; rpd;duhrh

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Mb 2008

20

$j;juq;fk; ngwhJ ,ilapy; mWe;J Nghapd.

jkpo; muq;Fk; Gyikj;JtKk; mWgJ njhlf;fk; vd;gJ tiu ahd fhyfl;lj;jpy; Gyikj;Jt ,ilaPLfs; XusTf;F fhzg;gl;bUf;fpdw ; d vd;gij kWg; gjw;fpy;iy. me;j epiyik njhlh;e;J tsh;j; njLf;fg;gltpy;iy. ehlf muq;ff; fy;Y}hp> mitf;fhw;Wiff; fofk; Nghd;wd gy;fiyf; fofj;jpwF ; ntspNa Gyikj;Jt tpthjq;fis Ak; fUj; j hly; f isAk; nraw; g hLfisAk; J}z;bapUe;jd. mitAk; njhlh;rr ; pahf eil

Mtzk; je;J cjtpah; v];.hp.muR

jkpo; muq;fpy; Gyikj;Jt ciuahly;fSf; fhd MSikahfTk; tha; g ; G ikakhfTk; ,Ug; g th; Nguhrphpah; fh.rptj; j k; g p. mtUk; ,d;W jd; gzpia kl;Lg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ljhy;> me;j Clhl;lj;Jf;fhd tha;gG ; f;fSk; Fiwe;J Nghapd. jkpo; muq;fpd; vjph;fhy tsh;r;rpf;F ‘Gyikj;Jt ,ilaPL’ (Interluctual intervention) kpf mtrpakhfpdw ; J. Ma;TfSk; fha;jYtj;jyw;w tpthjq; f s; > fUj; J g; ghpkhw; w q; f s; > ghpNrh jid Kaw;rpfSk; Njitg;gL fpd;wd. ,jd; %yNk jkpo; muq;F jd; Kd; cs;s rthiy vjphn ; fhs;tjw;fhd Gjpa khw;wq;fis Nehf;fp efu KbAk;. ,d;W> jkpo; muq;fj; Jiw rhh;eJ ; ,aq;Ffpdw ; gyh; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,th;fspy; mjpfkhdth;fs; Mrphpah;fshth;. muq;fpid ek;gpg; gpiog;gth; fSk; $l cs;shh;fs;. ,th;fs; midtUNk Gyikj;Jt ,ilaPl;Lf;fhd VJepiy gw;wpr; rpe; j pj; j hf Ntz; L k; . mjw; f hd tha; g ; G fs; gy; f iyf; f ofj; j pD}lhf mjpfg; g Lj; j g; g l Ntz;Lk;. Jujph\ ; l ; trkhf Nguhrphpah; fh.rptj;jk;gp Nghd; Nwhhpd; ,ilntspia epug;gf;$bajhd MSik fis ,d;Wtiu jkpo; muq; fpy; fhzg;gLk; Gyikj;Jt ifaW epiyia ,y; y hJ nra; J Gyikj; J t ,ilaPLfis mjpfg;gLj;j Ntz;baJ mtrpak;. - Mrphpah;

‘fthp tPrpa fhtyd;”> 1971Mk; Mz;L Mtzp khjk; jpUNfhzkiyapy; eilngw;w mfpy ,yq;if Njrpa ehlfg; Nghl;bapy; Kjyplk; ngw;w ehlfk;. ,e;j ehlfj;ij vOjpapUe;jth; f.nrhf;fypq;fk; (nrhf;fd;) newpahs;if nra;jth; v];.hp.muR itfhrp 2008

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