Konsep Dasar Ekg.pptx

Konsep Dasar Elektrokardiografi

Conduction System

SA Node  Internodal branch  AV Node  Hiss Bundle  Purkinje Fiber  Contraction

Sternomanubrial joint - Angle of Louis

V1 3/29/2019

V2

V3

V4

V5

V6

© Dr Paul Bradley, Clinical Skills Resource Centre, University of Liverpool, UK

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R

T

P

Q

S

AXIS

Right Axis Deviation

Left Axis Deviation

LAD

RAD

GELOMBANG P Gambaran yang ditimbulkan oleh depolarisasi atrium Normal Tinggi : < 0,3 mvolt Lebar : < 0,12 detik Selalu positif di L II Selalu negatif di aVR Kepentingan Mengetahui kelainan di Atrium “Gelombang P Mitral” “ Gelombang P Pulmonal “

P Pulmonale

P Mitrale

PR Interval

Interval PR Diukur dari permulaan P s/d permulaan QRS

Normal : 0,12 - 0,20 detik

QRS Complex

GELOMBANG QRS Gambaran yang ditimbulkan oleh depolarisasi ventrikel Normal : Lebar : 0,06 - 0,12 detik Tinggi : Tergantung lead

Normal gelombang Q Lebar : < 0,04 detik Dalam : < 1/3 tinggi R

ST Segment

T Wave

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2. RHYTHM Normal cardiac rhythm : SINUS rhythm

Sinus rhythm characteristics : • Rate 60-100 bpm • Constant R – R interval • Negative P wave in aVR and positive di II • P wave is always followed by QRS complex

© Dr Paul Bradley, Clinical Skills Resource Centre, University of Liverpool, UK

3/29/2019

33

ECG paper timings Paper speed = 25 mm/second

RR interval

Rate

Each small square = 0.04 seconds (= 1/25 sec)

Five small squares = 0.2 seconds (= 1/5 sec) 3/29/2019

= 300/RR interval (in large squares) or = 1500/RR interval (in small squares)

Five large squares = 1 sec

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3. AXIS

LVH

LVH

LVH

RVH

RVH

RVH

RVH

ARTI KLINIS HIPERTROFI JANTUNG : 1. Pembesaran atrium kanan : ASD, PAPVR, Ebstein anomali 2. Pembesaran atrium kiri : Mitral stenosis, Mitral regurgitasi 3. Hipertrofi ventrikel kiri : Hipertensi, Aortic stenosis, Aortic regurgitasi, Mitral regurgitasi, VSD, PDA 4. Hipertrofi ventrikel kanan : PPOK, ASD, Pulmonal stenosis