Joints

Fibrous Joints 3 Types • Syndesmosis • Suture • Gomphosis

Syndesmosis •a sheet or bundle of fibrous tissue connects bones • amphiarthrotic • lies between tibia and fibula 1

Fibrous Joints Suture • between flat bones • synarthrotic • thin layer of connective tissue connects bones

Gomphosis • cone-shaped bony process in a socket • tooth in jawbone • synarthrotic

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Cartilaginous Joints 2 Types • Synchondrosis • Symphysis Synchondrosis • bands of hyaline cartilage unite bones • epiphyseal plate (temporary) • between manubrium and first rib • synarthrotic

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Cartilaginous Joints Symphysis • pad of fibrocartilage between bones • pubis symphysis • joint between bodies of adjacent vertebrae • amphiarthrotic

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Synovial Joints • diarthrotic • joint cavity • synovial fluid • joint capsule • synovial membrane • bursae

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Types of Synovial Joints Ball-and-Socket Joint • hip • shoulder

Condyloid Joint • between metacarpals and phalanges

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Types of Synovial Joints Gliding Joint • between carpals • between tarsals

Hinge Joint • elbow • between phalanges

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Types of Synovial Joints Pivot Joint • between proximal ends of radius and ulna

Saddle Joint • between carpal and metacarpal of thumb

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Shoulder Joint • ball-and-socket • head of humerus • glenoid cavity of scapula • loose joint capsule • bursae • ligaments prevent displacement • very wide range of movement 9

Elbow Joint • hinge joint • trochlea of humerus • trochlear notch of ulna

• gliding joint • capitulum of humerus • head of radius

• flexion and extension • many reinforcing ligaments • stable joint 10

Elbow Joint

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Hip Joint • ball-and-socket joint • head of femur • acetabulum of coxa • heavy joint capsule • many reinforcing ligaments • less freedom of movement than shoulder joint

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Hip Joint

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Knee Joint • largest joint • most complex • medial and lateral condyles of distal end of femur • medial and lateral condyles of proximal end of tibia • femur articulates anteriorly with patella • modified hinge joint • flexion/extension/little rotation • strengthened by many ligaments and tendons • menisci separate femur and tibia • bursae 14

Knee Joint

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