Jakarta

Jakarta Province with special status; divided into 5 cities Population:  The population has risen sharply from 1.2 million in 1960 to 8.8 million in 2004  The population of greater Jakarta is estimated at 23 million, making it the fourth largest urban area in the world  By 2025 the population of Jakarta may reach 24.9 million, not counting millions more in surrounding areas Sanitation  Less than a quarter of the population is fully served by improved water sources  The rest rely on a variety of sources, including rivers, lakes and private water vendors  Some 7.2 million people are without clean water Flooding:  During the wet season, Jakarta suffers from flooding due to clogged sewage pipes and waterways, deforestation near rapidly urbanizing Bogor and Depok, and the fact that 40% of it is below sea level.  Terrible floods occurred in 1996 and 2007 Traffic congestion:  Only 2% of population uses public transport  Car users are growing at a rate of 10% a year  Unless something is done, analysts say, the city will become completely gridlocked in the next few years  Some major roads have a 'three in one' rule during rush hours  Undisciplined driver behavior: police bribery, driving in wrong direction Infrastructure problems:  Lack of housing  shantytowns  Inadequate transportation Unemployment  In September 2007, new law: forbids the giving of money to beggars, buskers and hawkers, bans squatter settlements on river banks and highways, and prohibits spitting and smoking on public transportation. Unauthorized people cleaning car windscreens and managing traffic at busy intersections will also be penalized. Overcrowding Air pollution and waste management Income disparity