Introduction To Aerospace Transportation Systems

Set No. 1

Code No: R05222105

II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007 INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Describe the program “Satellite Instructional Television Experiment”of ISRO during the seventies of the previous century. (b) Explain the positioning of a satellite in space by using a Satellite Launch Vehicle. Elaborate with sketches. [8+8] 2. Define aerodynamic forces acting on a flying object. How is the lift force generated in such cases? Show with representative sketches and plots these forces acting on the following: (a) a circular arc aligned with flow (b) circular arc at α = 2o (c) stationary circular cylinder (d) rotating circular cylinder (e) symmetrical airfoil at α = 2o (f) a cambered airfoil at α = 2o .

[4+ 6×2=16]

3. Show with appropriate sketches details of the construction of an all metal wing. Explain the sharing of loads by all members. 16] 4. (a) The drag polar of an airplane is given as CD = CD0 +CDi . Show that for maximum value of L/D ratio, CD =2 CD0 .Determine the corresponding velocity. (b) An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle has following data; W = 803 N, S = 3.2m2 , Clmax =1.63 .Determine the stalling speed at sea level(ρo = 1.2256kgm−3 ), and at 2000m altitude (σ=0.8216). 5. (a) Explain the necessity of acquiring an high altitude, all weather reconnaissance airplane for armed forces. (b) Explain the security measures adopted at a domestic airport before the passenger boards the airplane. [8+8] 6. (a) What is the importance of the terms: i. ii. iii. iv.

air safety, Airworthiness Certificate of Airworthiness Prevention of air accidents.

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Set No. 1

Code No: R05222105

(b) Explain the behavior of a ferrous alloy containing higher sulphur contents while placed in very cold environments. Comment on its airworthiness and acceptance. [8+8] 7. Describe the necessity and details of the heating system to be used in a large multiengine airplane. Describe one such system making use of an air bleed system. [8+8] 8. (a) Discuss the choice of HF for long range communication in avionics. What are other possibilities? (b) Explain with the use of sketches / plots various control surfaces of an airplane and their operations in a fly-by-wire system. [8+8] ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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Set No. 2

Code No: R05222105

II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007 INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Compare the design features of a scooter with that of a motorcycle in some details. (b) The adventurous generation does not like to ride a scooter. Justify as an engineer. [8+8] 2. (a) Consider the drag polar CD = CD0 + CDi , describe its components. Suggest steps to reduce the drag of a flying object to minimum. (b) Consider flow over a circular cylinder and an airfoil. Which of the two is a streamlined object? Explain with diagrams. [8+8] 3. (a) A low wing airplane has dihedral provided from the wing root to tip. Whereas a high wing airplane is seldom provided a dihedral. On the other hand anhedral is given sometimes to a high wing airplane. What are your opinions and comments on the above statements. (b) A fighter airplane with single jet engine kept within the fuselage has many options of air intakes. Provide two options with details. [8+8] 4. A sailplane has GTOW of 5500 N and wing loading w = 600N m−2 . Its drag polar is given as CD = 0.010 +0.022 CL 2 . Determine its Vmd and Vmp . Check if the two velocities are as per the relation (to be established by you). [8+8] 5. (a) Explain the role of a small civil trainer aircraft in a country side flying club. What are the essential features of such airplanes? Elaborate with examples. (b) How do you prepare the flight plans of your personal airplane for flight between station X and station Y. In between there are three airports P,Q and R. List the steps of action at your end before you submit the flight plans. [8+8] 6. (a) Relate the terms: i. ii. iii. iv.

air safety Airworthiness Certificate of Airworthiness Prevention of air accidents.

(b) Describe the specifications and acceptance testing of an assembly with rubber and metallic seals and lubricating oil, to be carried in flight from Pokhran to Leh. [8+8]

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Set No. 2

Code No: R05222105

7. Describe requirements of various environment systems deployed in airplanes flying at low and higher altitudes. Provide brief details of each system. Discuss if there are alternatives if any. Make use of sketches and line diagrams to explain the answer. [4+8+4] 8. (a) Explain the “SATCOM” system of communications in avionics. (b) Illustrate the functioning of an all moving horizontal tail of an airplane in a Fly-By-Wire control system with a detailed layout sketch. [8+8] ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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Set No. 3

Code No: R05222105

II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007 INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Make use of the principles of the working of a gyroscope to explain the motion and stability of a two wheeler. (b) A motor cycle is generally liked by the younger generation as compared with a scooter. Comment on the statement as an engineer. [8+8] 2. Calculate pressure, density and temperature at an altitude of 15000m in stratosphere. Develop the relationship used. The sea level data is; P = 101325 N/m2 , T = 150 C, L = 0.0065 K /m. [16] 3. (a) Classify Military airplanes according to the role for which these are designed. What are their distinct features in comparison with a civil airplane? Illustrate with at least one example each say from the inventory of armed forces. Make use of representative sketches. (b) Describe features typical of a single seater airplane for sports / racing use. What should be the speed range of such airplane? [8+8] 4. Consider the drag polar = CD0 +kCL 2 . Show that the power required to overcome the drag in st. and level flight is a minimum if {CD/CL1..5 } is a minimum. Hence 1 prove that (L/D)mp = {3/16(kCD0 )} /2 . Show the complete work out. [16] 5. (a) Explain the necessity of acquiring an high altitude, all weather reconnaissance airplane for armed forces. (b) Explain the security measures adopted at a domestic airport before the passenger boards the airplane. [8+8] 6. (a) Describe with an example that Airworthiness of all individual components taken together ensures air safety of the airplane. (b) Describe the airworthiness testing of seals required in an assembly with varying type of temperatures. Does the change of temperature prove harmful? Suggest remedies. [8+8] 7. Make use of sketches and line diagrams to describe the cabin heating of a small, single-engine airplane. What are the requirements of heating in an airplane in general? [8+8] 8. (a) What is the function of VHF Ground Direction Finding equipment? (b) Describe the layout of the operating system of elevators of an airplane and explain its functioning. [8+8] 1 of 2

Set No. 3

Code No: R05222105 ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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Set No. 4

Code No: R05222105

II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007 INTRODUCTION TO AEROSPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (Aeronautical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ 1. (a) Comment on the discovery of a wheel for the development of transportation systems by our ancestors. What if the wheel were not in use by now? (b) Describe with examples two wheeler with single axis of rotation. How does it become stable on ground? [8+8] 2. (a) Show from flow over a flat plate that the skin friction component is larger than the pressure drag when the flat plate is either aligned or at some angle of attack wrt the free stream velocity. (b) Consider flow over an elliptical cylinder and an airfoil. Which of the two is a streamlined object? Explain with diagrams. [8+8] 3. (a) Describe with adequate sketches/diagrams/illustrations, major components of an airplane. What is the use of each component? (b) Explain the construction of its wing in details, considering it to be a two seat light weight, trainer airplane. List the materials of its fabrication. [8+8] 4. Consider the drag polar = CD0 +kCL 2 . Show that the power required to overcome the drag in st. and level flight is a minimum if {CD/CL1..5 } is a minimum. Hence prove that Vmp = 0.76 ∗ Vmd . Show the complete work out. [16] 5. (a) Explain the role of a small civil trainer aircraft in a country side flying club. What are the essential features of such airplanes? Elaborate with examples. (b) How do you prepare the flight plans of your personal airplane for flight between station X and station Y. In between there are three airports P,Q and R. List the steps of action at your end before you submit the flight plans. [8+8] 6. (a) What are the logical steps adopted for the issuance of the certificate of airworthiness to an airplane. (b) Certain metal foil used for air separator becomes brittle at high altitude of operations. Comment on the airworthiness and its certification for airplane operations. [8+8] 7. What are the requirements of cabin-cooling systems in an aerospace vehicle? Describe one method of such air conditioning employed in a space vehicle. Make use of sketches and diagrams to illustrate the answer. [4+12] 8. (a) Discuss the role of radio waves in avionics. Explain the propagation of radio waves as well. 1 of 2

Set No. 4

Code No: R05222105

(b) Show with sketches /diagrams various control surfaces and their operations and functions. [8+8] ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

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