Holographic Paritosh

Introduction to Holographic Memory 

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It is a memory that can store information in form of holographic image. It is a technique that can store information at high density inside crystals or photopolymers. As computer systems continue to become faster, they will need a way to access larger amounts of data in shorter periods of time. Holographic memory is a three-dimensional data storage system that can store information at high density inside the crystal or photopolymer. Hence holographic storage system has the potential to became the next storage generation over conventional storage system. 2

Why Do We Need This? 

“For Internet applications alone, industry estimates are that storage needs are doubling every 100 days”  Nelson

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Diaz, Lucent Technology

“Optoelectronics Industry and Technology Development Association projects that the year 2010, a storage system serving an average LAN will need … 100 TB and a WAN server will require 10TB to 1 petabyte…of storage” 

Red Herring 3

Features  Storage  media

Density

stores data in whole volume

 Speed  parses

many bits at once

 Reliability  Good

shelf life  High number of write cycles

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Outline 

Holography Concepts

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Storing data

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Reading the data 5

Types of Holograms 

Transmission Hologram  Can

be used to store data  Uses coherent light 

Reflection Hologram  The

kind you find on credit cards  Uses white light

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Holography vs. Photography 

Black and white photograph  Intensity

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Color photograph  Intensity

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and wavelength

Hologram  Intensity,

phase, and sometimes wavelength

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Review of Interference

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Creating Hologram

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Pattern Left on Media

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Reconstructing the Image

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Reconstructing the Image

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Holographic Versatile Disc 

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Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) is an optical disc technology still in the research stage which would hold up to 3.9 terabyte (TB) of information. It employs a technique known as collinear holography, whereby two lasers, one red and one blue-green, are collimated in a single beam. The blue-green laser reads data encoded as laser interference fringes from a holographic layer near the top of the disc while the red laser is used as the reference beam and to read servo information from a regular CD-style aluminum layer near the bottom. 13

Holographic Versatile Disc 

These discs have the capacity to hold up to 3.9 terabyte (TB) of information, which is approximately 6,000 times the capacity of a CDROM, 830 times the capacity of a DVD, 160 times the capacity of single-layer Blu-ray-Discs, and about 8 times the capacity of standard computer hard drives as of 2007.

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The HVD also has a transfer rate of 1gigabyte/s.

Comparison

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30~50 GB

What is next ? 15

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Holographic Versatile Disc structure

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Basic Components       

Blue-green argon laser Beam-splitters Mirrors to direct the laser beams LCD panel(spatial light modulator) Lenses to focus the laser beams Lithium-niobate crystals or photopolymer Charge –coupled device(CCD) camera

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The HVD System: Writing Data 

The process of writing information onto an HVD begins with encoding the information into binary data to be stored in the SLM. These data are turned into ones and zeroes represented as opaque or translucent areas on a "page" -- this page is the image that the information beam is going to pass through.

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Writing Data

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Writing Data ¢

Once the page of data is created, the next step is to fire a laser beam into a beam splitter to produce two identical beams. One of the beams is directed away from the SLM -- this beam becomes the reference beam. The other beam is directed toward the SLM and becomes the information beam.

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When the information beam passes through the SLM, portions of the light are blocked by the opaque areas of the page, and portions pass through the translucent areas. In this way, the information beam carries the image once it passes through the SLM.

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When the reference beam and the information beam rejoin on the same axis, they create a pattern of light interference -- the holography data. This joint beam carries the interference pattern to the photopolymer disc and stores it there as a hologram.

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Reading Data

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Reading Data ¢

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In order to retrieve and reconstruct the holographic page of data stored in the crystal, the reference beam is shined into the crystal at exactly the same angle at which it entered to store that page of data. Each page of data is stored in a different area of the crystal, based on the angle at which the reference beam strikes it. During reconstruction, the beam will be diffracted by the crystal to allow the recreation of the original page that was stored. This reconstructed page is then projected onto the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, which interprets and forwards the digital information to a computer. The key component of any holographic data storage system is the angle at which the second reference beam is fired at the crystal to retrieve a page of data. It must match the original reference beam angle exactly. A difference of just a thousandth of a millimeter will result in failure to retrieve that page of data.

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Advantages of HVD 

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Resistance to damage - If some parts of the medium are damaged, all information can still be obtained from other parts. Efficient retrieval - All information can be retrieved from any part of the medium. These discs have the capacity to hold up to 3.9 terabyte (TB) of information, which is approximately 6,000 times the capacity of a CD-ROM, 830 times the capacity of a DVD, 160 times the capacity of single-layer Blu-rayDiscs, and about 48 times the capacity of standard computer hard drives. The HVD also has a transfer rate of 1 gigabit/s. While reading a page the entire page of data can be retrieved quickly and at one time. 24

Application 

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For data-mining – to store the large amount of data (at server side). For video editing because of data transfer rate of 1GB/sec. Media management. It will provide video professional with an enterprise solution that will change the way they acquire, edit and archive high resolution video assets. For broadcasting

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Current State @ Industry level  The 

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HVD Alliance

The HVD Alliance is a coalition of corporations purposed to provide an industry forum for testing and technical discussion of all aspects of HVD design and manufacturing. By cooperating, members of the Alliance hope to expedite development and engender a market receptive to HVD technology.       

Alps Electric Corporation, Ltd. CMC Magnetics Corporation Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. (DIC) EMTEC International (subsidiary of the MPO Group) Fuji Photo Film Company, Ltd. Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. LiteOn Technology Corporation 26

HVD Compares With Other Storage Device HD-DVD

HVD

Initial cost for Approx. $18 recordable disc

Approx. $10

Approx. $120

Initial cost for Approx.  recorder/player $2,000

Approx.  $2,000

Approx. $3,000

Initial storage capacity

54 GB

30 GB

300 GB (max 3.9 TB)

Read/write speed

36.5 Mbps

36.5 Mbps

1 Gbps

 

Blu-ray

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Conclusion • Capacity increased from 300 Gbyte to 3.9 TB • No need to turn over the CD,DVD,HD-DVD, etc. • Three-dimensional data storage, store information - in a smaller space and faster data transfer times .

• The HVD playing device would have data rates 25 - times faster than today's fastest DVD players.

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Questions?

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