Health Promotion And Maintenance

Question Number 1 of 20 The nurse is assessing a client who states her last menstrual period was March 16, and she has missed one period. She reports episodes of nausea and vomiting. Pregancy is confirmed by a urine test. What will the nurse calculate as the estimated date of delivery (EDD)? The correct response is "D". A) April 8 B) January 15 C) February 11 D) December 23 Your response was "D". The correct answer is D: December 23 Naegele''s rule: add 7 days and subtract 3 months from the first day of the last regular menstrual period to calculate the estimated date of delivery. Question Number 2 of 20 The family of a 6 year-old with a fractured femur asks the nurse if the child's height will be affected by the injury. Which statement is true concerning long bone fractures in children? The correct response is "B". A) Growth problems will occur if the fracture involves the periosteum B) Epiphyseal fractures often interrupt a child's normal growth pattern C) Children usually heal very quickly, so growth problems are rare D) Adequate blood supply to the bone prevents growth delay after fractures Your response was "B". The correct answer is B: Epiphyseal fractures often interrupt a child''s normal growth pattern The epiphyseal plate in children is where active bone growth occurs. Damage to this area may cause growth arrest in either longitudinal growth of the limb or in progressive deformity if the plate is involved. An epiphyseal fracture is serious because it can interrupt and alter growth Question Number 3 of 20 A client being treated for hypertension returns to the community clinic for follow up. The client says, "I know these pills are important, but I just can't take these water pills anymore. I drive a truck for a living, and I can't be stopping every 20 minutes to go to the bathroom." Which of these is the best nursing diagnosis? The correct response is "A". A) Noncompliance related to medication side effects B) Knowledge deficit related to misunderstanding of disease state C) Defensive coping related to chronic illness D) Altered health maintenance related to occupation Your response was "D". The correct answer is A: Noncompliance related to medication side effects Question Number 4 of 20 The nurse is planning care for an 18 month-old child. Which action should be included in the child's care? The correct response is "B". A) Hold and cuddle the child frequently B) Encourage the child to feed himself finger food C) Allow the child to walk independently on the nursing unit D) Engage the child in games with other children Your response was "B". The correct answer is B: Encourage the child to feed himself finger food According to Erikson, the toddler is in the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt. The nurse should encourage increasingly independent activities of daily living that allow the toddler to assert his budding sense of control.

sease process Question Number 5 of 20 A client is admitted to the hospital with a history of confusion. The client has difficulty remembering recent events and becomes disoriented when away from home. Which statement would provide the bestreality orientation for this client? The correct response is "D". A) "Good morning. Do you remember where you are?" B) "Hello. My name is Elaine Jones and I am your nurse for today." C) "How are you today? Remember, you're in the hospital." D) "Good morning. You’re in the hospital. I am your nurse Elaine Jones." Your response was "D". The correct answer is D: "Good morning. You’re in the hospital. I am your nurse Elaine Jones." As cognitive ability declines, the nurse provides a calm, predictable environment for the client. This response establishes time, location and the caregivers name. Question Number 6 of 20 The nurse has been teaching adult clients about cardiac risks when they visit the hypertension clinic. Which form of evaluation would best measure learning? The correct response is "D". A) Performance on written tests B) Responses to verbal questions C) Completion of a mailed survey D) Reported behavioral changes Your response was "B". The correct answer is D: Reported behavioral changes If the client alters behaviors such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and stress management, these suggest that learning has occurred. Additionally, physical assessments and lab data may confirm risk reduction. Question Number 7 of 20 When teaching a 10 year-old child about their impending heart surgery, which form of explaination meets the developmental needs of this age child? The correct response is "D". A) Provide a verbal explanation just prior to the surgery B) Provide the child with a booklet to read about the surgery C) Introduce the child to another child who had heart surgery 3 days ago D) Explain the surgery using a model of the heart Your response was "C". The correct answer is D: Explain the surgery using a model of the heart According to Piaget, the school age child is in the concrete operations stage of cognitive development. Using something concrete, like a model will help the child understand the explanation of the heart surgery. Question Number 8 of 20 A client with congestive heart failure is newly admitted to home health care. The nurse discovers that the client has not been following the prescribed diet. What would be the most appropriate nursing action? The correct response is "C". A) Discharge the client from home health care related to noncompliance B) Notify the health care provider of the client's failure to follow prescribed diet C) Discuss diet with the client to learn the reasons for not following the diet D) Make a referral to Meals-on-Wheels Your response was "C". The correct answer is C: Discuss diet with client to learn the reasons for not following the diet

When new problems are identified, it is important for the nurse to collect accurate assessment data. Before reporting findings to the health care provider, it is best to have a complete understanding of the client''s behavior and feelings as a basis for future teaching and intervention. Question Number 9 of 20 The nurse is teaching the parents of a 3 month-old infant about nutrition. What is the main source of fluids for an infant until about 12 months of age? The correct response is "A". A) Formula or breast milk B) Dilute nonfat dry milk C) Warmed fruit juice D) Fluoridated tap water Your response was "A". The correct answer is A: Formula or breast milk Formula or breast milk are the perfect food and source of nutrients and liquids up until 1 year.

Question Number 10 of 20 The parents of a child who has suddenly been hospitalized for an acute illness state that they should have taken the child to the pediatrician earlier. Which approach by the nurse is best when dealing with the parents' comments? The correct response is "D". A) Focus on the child's needs and recovery B) Explain the cause of the child's illness C) Acknowledge that early care would have been better D) Accept their feelings without judgment Your response was "D". The correct answer is D: Accept their feelings without judgment Parents often blame themselves for their child''s illness. Feeling helpless and angry is normal and these feelings must be accepted Question Number 11 of 20 An appropriate goal for a client with anxiety would be to The correct response is "C". A) Ventilate anxious feelings to the nurse B) Establish contact with reality C) Learn self-help techniques D) Become desensitized to past trauma Your response was "B". The correct answer is C: Learn self-help techniques Exploring alternative coping mechanisms will decrease present anxiety to a manageable level. Assisting the client to learn self-help techniques will assist in learning to cope with anxiety Question Number 12 of 20 When teaching effective stress management techniques to a client 1 hour before surgery, which of the following should the nurse recommend? The correct response is "B". A) Biofeedback B) Deep breathing C) Distraction D) Imagery Your response was "C".

The correct answer is B: Deep breathing Deep breathing is a reliable and valid method for reducing stress, and can be taught and reinforced in a short period preoperatively. Question Number 13 of 20 When screening children for scoliosis, at what time of development would the nurse expect early signs to appear? The correct response is "D". A) Prenatally on ultrasound B) In early infancy C) When the child begins to bear weight D) During the preadolescent growth spurt Your response was "A". The correct answer is D: During the preadolescent growth spurt Idiopathic scoliosis is seldom apparent before 10 years of age and is most noticeable at the beginning of the preadolescent growth spurt. It is more common in females than in males Question Number 14 of 20 A 64 year-old client scheduled for surgery with a general anesthetic refuses to remove a set of dentures prior to leaving the unit for the operating room. What would be the most appropriate intervention by the nurse? The correct response is "D". A) Explain to the client that the dentures must come out as they may get lost or broken in the operating room B) Ask the client if there are second thoughts about having the procedure C) Notify the anesthesia department and the surgeon of the client's refusal D) Ask the client if the preference would be to remove the dentures in the operating room receiving area Your response was "A". The correct answer is D: Ask the client if the preference would be to remove the dentures in the operating room receiving area Clients anticipating surgery may experience a variety of fears. This choice allows the client control over the situation and fosters the client''s sense of self-esteem and self-concept. Question Number 15 of 20 When observing 4 year-old children playing in the hospital playroom, what activity would the nurse expect to see the children participating in? The correct response is "D". A) Competitive board games with older children B) Playing with their own toys along side with other children C) Playing alone with hand held computer games D) Playing cooperatively with other preschoolers Your response was "D". The correct answer is D: Playing cooperatively with other preschoolers Cooperative play is typical of the preschool period Question Number 16 of 20 While caring for a client, the nurse notes a pulsating mass in the client's periumbilical area. Which of the following assessments is appropriate for the nurse to perform? The correct response is "B". A) Measure the length of the mass B) Auscultate the mass C) Percuss the mass D) Palpate the mass Your response was "D".

The correct answer is B: Auscultate the mass Auscultation of the abdomen and finding a bruit will confirm the presence of an abdominal aneurysm and will form the basis of information given to the health care provider. The mass should not be palpated because of the risk of rupture. Question Number 17 of 20 While the nurse is administering medications to a client, the client states "I do not want to take that medicine today." Which of the following responses by the nurse would be best? The correct response is "C". A) "That's OK, its all right to skip your medication now and then." B) "I will have to call your doctor and report this." C) "Is there a reason why don't you want to take your medicine?" D) "Do you understand the consequences of refusing your prescribed treatment?" Your response was "C". The correct answer is C: "Is there a reason why don''t you want to take your medicine?" When a new problem is identified, it is important for the nurse to collect accurate assessment data. This is crucial to ensure that client needs are adequately identified in order to select the best nursing care approaches. The nurse should try to discover the reason for the refusal which may be that the client has developed untoward side effects Question Number 18 of 20 A client states, "People think I’m no good, you know what I mean?" Which of these responses would be most therapeutic? The correct response is "C". A) "Well people often take their own feelings of inadequacy out on others." B) "I think you’re good. So you see, there’s one person who likes you." C) "I’m not sure what you mean. Tell me a bit more about that." D) "Let's discuss this to see the reasons to create this impression on people?" Your response was "C". The correct answer is C: "I’m not sure what you mean. Tell me a bit more about that." Therapeutic communication technique that elicits more information is delivered in an open non-judgmental fashion. Question Number 19 of 20 A partner is concerned because the client frequently daydreams about moving to Arizona to get away from the pollution and crowding in southern California. The nurse explains that The correct response is "A". A) Such fantasies can gratify unconscious wishes or prepare for anticipated future events B) Detaching or dissociating in this way postpones painful feelings C) This conversion or transferring of a mental conflict to a physical symptom can lead to marital conflict D) To isolate the feelings in this way reduces conflict within the client and with others Your response was "D". The correct answer is A: Such fantasies can gratify unconscious wishes or prepare for anticipated future events Fantasy is imagined events (daydreaming) to express unconscious conflicts or gratifying unconscious wishes. Question Number 20 of 20 The nurse is assessing a 4 month-old infant. Which motor skill would the nurse anticipate finding? The correct response is "A". A) Hold a rattle B) Bang two blocks C) Drink from a cup D) Wave "bye-bye" Your response was "D".

The correct answer is A: Hold a rattle The age at which a baby will develop the skill of grasping a toy with help is 4 to 6 months.