Greenmondays271008-de Profundis
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Sea Water Air Conditioning Using deep sea water for ecological and affordable cooling solutions Deprofundis A new solution for middle sized structures Baptiste Bassot Presentation to Green Mondays 27/10/2008
Cold generation 101 Necessary for Modern Society Processes Confort How do we produce cold? Force the opposite of a natural phenomenon High costs Energy intensive Gas
A sucessful approach: SWAC systems
Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, Evelop Crp: 90% electricity and CO2 emissions saved
In Toronto, Lake Ontario waters cooling 51 high-rise buildings, using 10% of conventional systems energy
Still in infancy, yet showing potential: OTEC systems Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
The opposite of a conventional a/c system! Like all geothermal energy sources
Back to SWAC: Energy gains Cooling power 25
Energy saved Water arrival temperature
400
20
300
15
200
10
100
5
0
0 200
0
20
40
60
80 100 120 140 Water flow (m³/s)
160
180
Temperature (°C)
Cooling Power (kWce)
500
The cavitation problem P
Liquid water Boil Ice Cavitation
Steam
T°
Cavitation in water phase diagram
Cavitation damages on a pump
Cavitation and suction limit speed Maximum speed in suction
Maximum circulation speed (m/s)
1,8 1,6
Max speed in suction
1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
Pipe outside diameter (m)
0,6
0,7
Energy balance Energy balance 500 Total pumping energy Energy saved Balance
Power (kW)
400
P2 : Energy optimal point
300 200
P1 : Maximum succion point
100 0 0
20
40
60
80 100 120 Water flow (m³/h)
140
160
180
200
Our solution
Classical SWAC system
Deprofundis closed loop
Final energy balance Energy balance : classical system and closed loop 500 Balance (open loop) Balance (closed loop)
400 Power (kW)
P3 : Closed loop optimal point
300
P2 : Energy optimal point
200 P1 : Maximum succion point
100 0 0
20
40
60
80 100 120 Water flow (m³/h)
140
160
180
200
Immersed heat exchanger Geometry
Massively parallel
Size
6 modules 3m x 3m x3m (400 Kg) each
Environmental topics •
Radius of 5 km of a depth of – 600m (in tropical waters)
•
Material used (PEHD used for pipes, titanium for heat exchanger): no exchange with the environment for decades. Able to be re-used indefinitely + recycled
Advantages Thin pipes Available in rolls Easy to handle Easy to deploy Suitable for remote
locations
Closed loop Control on the circulating water No end-pipe filter No risk of aspirating sea material Easy maintenance
A special offer •
location (distance and relief) options (PV / wind solutions for the pump) electricity costs subventions
ROI 5 years in average, for a solution least 20 years. Parameters of a characteristic site for the study: Intake depth : 800m (5°C) - output water 14°C Pipe of 2150 m in PEHD : diameter 150-123mm
Open Topics for Q&A: • • • •
Tap into different energy sources Cold generation Sea Water energy systems Energy ventures
• • •
Interesting? Interested? Sleepy/Hungry? Thank you for your attention
Cold generation 101 Necessary for Modern Society Processes Confort How do we produce cold? Force the opposite of a natural phenomenon High costs Energy intensive Gas
A sucessful approach: SWAC systems
Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, Evelop Crp: 90% electricity and CO2 emissions saved
In Toronto, Lake Ontario waters cooling 51 high-rise buildings, using 10% of conventional systems energy
Still in infancy, yet showing potential: OTEC systems Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
The opposite of a conventional a/c system! Like all geothermal energy sources
Back to SWAC: Energy gains Cooling power 25
Energy saved Water arrival temperature
400
20
300
15
200
10
100
5
0
0 200
0
20
40
60
80 100 120 140 Water flow (m³/s)
160
180
Temperature (°C)
Cooling Power (kWce)
500
The cavitation problem P
Liquid water Boil Ice Cavitation
Steam
T°
Cavitation in water phase diagram
Cavitation damages on a pump
Cavitation and suction limit speed Maximum speed in suction
Maximum circulation speed (m/s)
1,8 1,6
Max speed in suction
1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
Pipe outside diameter (m)
0,6
0,7
Energy balance Energy balance 500 Total pumping energy Energy saved Balance
Power (kW)
400
P2 : Energy optimal point
300 200
P1 : Maximum succion point
100 0 0
20
40
60
80 100 120 Water flow (m³/h)
140
160
180
200
Our solution
Classical SWAC system
Deprofundis closed loop
Final energy balance Energy balance : classical system and closed loop 500 Balance (open loop) Balance (closed loop)
400 Power (kW)
P3 : Closed loop optimal point
300
P2 : Energy optimal point
200 P1 : Maximum succion point
100 0 0
20
40
60
80 100 120 Water flow (m³/h)
140
160
180
200
Immersed heat exchanger Geometry
Massively parallel
Size
6 modules 3m x 3m x3m (400 Kg) each
Environmental topics •
Radius of 5 km of a depth of – 600m (in tropical waters)
•
Material used (PEHD used for pipes, titanium for heat exchanger): no exchange with the environment for decades. Able to be re-used indefinitely + recycled
Advantages Thin pipes Available in rolls Easy to handle Easy to deploy Suitable for remote
locations
Closed loop Control on the circulating water No end-pipe filter No risk of aspirating sea material Easy maintenance
A special offer •
location (distance and relief) options (PV / wind solutions for the pump) electricity costs subventions
ROI 5 years in average, for a solution least 20 years. Parameters of a characteristic site for the study: Intake depth : 800m (5°C) - output water 14°C Pipe of 2150 m in PEHD : diameter 150-123mm
Open Topics for Q&A: • • • •
Tap into different energy sources Cold generation Sea Water energy systems Energy ventures
• • •
Interesting? Interested? Sleepy/Hungry? Thank you for your attention
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