Formacanonica.pdf

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FORMA CANONICĂ Reamintim că pentru orice x  R ax² + bx + c = a[(x + b/2a)² - (b² - 4ac)/4a²] Rezultă că pentru orice x  R, avem f(x) = a[(x + b/2a)² - (b² - 4ac)/4a²] (1) Membrul drept al egalităţii (1) se numeşte forma canonică a funcţiei pătratice. Numărul Δ = b² - 4ac, discriminantul ecuaţiei asociate (ax² + bx + c = 0), se mai numeşte discriminantul funcţiei pătratice. Observăm că f(-b/2a) = -Δ/4a Exemple a) 2x² - x + 3 = 2[x² - 1/2x + 3/2] = 2[x² - 2*x*1/4x + 1/16 - 1/16 + 3/2] = 2[(x -1/4)² + 23/16] = 2(x – 1/4)² + 23/8; b) -3x² - 4x + 5 = (-3)[x² + 4/3x - 5/3] = (-3)[x² + 2*2/3x + 4/9 - 4/9 - 5/3] = (-3)[(x + 2/3)² - 19/9] = (-3)(x +2/3)² + 19/3

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