Fine Aggregate .docx

APPARATUS 1)

Sieve Analysis: a.

Sieve with sizes i.5mm ii.2.36mm iii.1.15mm iv.600µm v.300µm vi.150µm

vii.80µm

2)

3)

b.

Weighing scale

c.

2005g sample of dry fine aggregate

Specific Gravity and Absorption: a.

Pycnometer

b.

Hair dryer

c.

Tray

d.

Tamper

e.

Cone mold

f.

Weighing scale

g.

Oven

h.

Distilled water

i.

500g sample

Slit Content:

a.

250ml cylinder

b.

Salt water

c.

Sand sample

PROCEDURE A. Sieve Analysis 1. 2. 3. 4.

Sample with weight 2005g of fine aggregate was obtained from the lab. The sieving pans were obtained as required sizes and cleaned. The weight of the empty sieving pans was recorded by weighing scale. The sieving pans then were stacked according to the size from the pan to 0.08mm opening to the largest opening, 5.00mm, and then placed on the

sieve shaker machine. 5. The aggregate sample was poured into the top sieving pan gently. 6. The screw to hold the sieving pan was tighten and the sieve shaker machine was turned on for 5 minutes. Ensure that the holding screw is tight to avoid from the sieving machine fall. 7. Each of the pan with the samples in were weighed and the data was recorded in a table. 8. The graph of sieve analysis was plotted according to the data obtained.

B. Specific Gravity and Absorption. 1. About 1000g of aggregates was weighted. 2. The sample were immersed for 24±4 hours. 3. After 24 hours, the sample were taken from water and dry by using hair dryer provided.

4. The sample was put into the cone mold and was compacted by using rod for about 25 times. 5. The fourth step was repeated until the sand started to slump and this showed that the sample was in saturated surface dry condition. 6. After reaching the surface dry condition, a partial sample of that sample was weighted to get C. 7. The sample was put in Pycnometer and the Pycnometer was filled with water until appropriate level. 8. The pycnometer was shaken to eliminate the air bubbles, then it was filled to its full capacity. The weight of the samples with water and Pycnometer was recorded as D. 9. Then the water in Pycnometer was poured away and the samples was put in a tray. 10.The sample was put in the oven at (110 ± 5°C) for 24 hours. 11.After 24 hours, the sample was weighted to get A. 12. The specific gravity was calculated using the formula as below: a) Bulk Specific Gravity (OD) =

A ( B+C−D )

=

WOD (WPW + WSSD−WPWS ) b) Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) =

C ( B+C−D ) =

WOD (WPW + WSSD−WPWS ) c) Apparent Specific Gravity =

A WOD = ( B+ A−D ) (WPW + WOD−WPWS )

Where: A = weight of oven dried test sample in air B = weight of pycnometer filled with water to calibration mark C = weight of saturated surface-dry sample in air D = weight of pycnometer with sample and water to calibration mark

13. The absorption was calculated by using the formula as below:

Absorption (%) =

C− A ×100 = A

WSSD−WOD × 100 WOD

C. Silt Content 1. 50ml of salt water were poured into a 250ml measuring cylinder. 2. The sand was added into the measuring cylinder until the water level reached 3. 4.

100ml. Then salt water was poured until the water level reached 150ml. The cylinder mouth was closed by using the palm. Then the cylinder was shaken and turned a few times to make sure there is no sand is sank at the bottom of

5. 6. 7.

measuring cylinder. The sample was left for about 3 hours. The depth of the silt layer (Y) and the sand layer (X) was recorded after 3 hours. The silt content was calculated using the equation below: i. Percentage bulking = ( ii. Silt content =

100 ×100 Y -1)

X ×100 Y

Where: X = the level of top surface material example sand + sedimentation of silt (Volume1) Y = the level of top surface of sand layer (Volume2)

DATA A. Sieve Analysis Total Weight of Sample: 2005.0g. Sieve

Sieve

Size

(g)

Sieve + Aggregates

Retained

Pass Percentage (%)

Retained (mm)

(g)

Retained

Weight

Percentage

(g)

(%)

5.00

463.50

477.70

14.20

0.71

100

2.36

445.00

465.30

20.30

1.01

98.28

1.15

383.50

402.20

18.70

0.93

97.36

0.60

380.50

422.60

42.10

2.10

95.26

0.30

360.50

1257.20

896.70

44.72

50.52

0.15

349.00

1224.90

875.90

43.69

6.82

0.08

405.50

520.90

115.40

5.76

1.06

pan

333.00

354.70

21.70

1.08

0

Figure C1-1 Table of Sieve Analysis.

B. Specific Gravity and Absorption Total weighed of sample: 500.0 g Empty tray: 623.0 g Pycnometer: 445.0 g

Sample

Weight (g)

Sample Retained (g)

Oven dried sample, A

480.0

480.0

Pycnometer + water, B

1591.0

1591.0

Saturated surface-dry sample, C

500.0

500.0

Sample + water + pycnometer, D

1878.5

1878.5

Figure C1-2 Table of Specific Gravity and Absorption

C. Silt Content Total sample volume in cylinder: 150 mL

Volume

Sample (mL)

Average

(mL)

(mL) 1

2

3

Volume 1

3.0

3.0

2.0

2.7

Volume 2

97.0

97.0

98.

92.0 0

Silt content

3.1

3.1

2.0

2.7

Figure C1-3 Table of Silt Content.

CALCULATION A. Specific Gravity and Absorption Measurements and Readings 1) Specific Gravity and Absorption

480 1591+500−1878.5 = 2.26

a) Bulk Specific Gravity (OD) =

b) Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) =

c) Apparent Specific Gravity =

500 1591+500−1878.5 = 2.35

480 1591+500−1878.5 = 2.26

2) Absorption Absorption =

500−480 x 100= 0.04% 480

B. Silt Content

3.1+3.1+2.0 =2.7 % 3

Percentage Bulking =

GRAPH

120

Passing Percentage %

100 80 60

Experi ment Bri tis h Standard Lower Li mi t Bri tis h Standard Upper Li mit

40 20 0

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Pan Sieve Size (mm)

X

Figure C1-2 Graph of Sieve Analysis

DISSCUSION The data obtained from the experiment shows that the highest amount of aggregate trapped in pan size 0.30mm with 44.72%. The leased amount trapped in pan 5.00mm with 0.71%. From the data, a graph of fine modulus was plotted as shown in Figure C1-2. In the graph, British Standard upper and lower limit was plotted as a guideline to categories our sample. Based on the graph shows that most of our sample does not follow according to the British Standard. Fines modulus defines how coarse or fine our aggregates sample are.