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Advanced VOCs Decomposition Method by Gliding Arc Plasma
Antonius Indarto†, Jae-Wook Choi, Hwaung Lee, Hyung Keun Song Korea Institute of Science & Technology, Clean Technology Research Center, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea
†
Corresponding author: Antonius Indarto; E-mail: [email protected] 1
vent to atmosphere
Data processor
MFC- 1
thermocouple
MFC- 2 Gas chromatography VOCs
Plasma Reactor
Water bath
He
Air
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental set up.
2
6000 0.45
Voltage waveform
Current waveform
0.30
Current (Ampere)
Voltage (Volt)
4000
2000 0
-2000
-4000
0
1e-5
-0.15
before after
-0.45
-6000 -1e -5
0.00
-0.30
before after -2e-5
0.15
2e-5
-2e-5
Time (second)
-1e- 5
0
1e-5
Time (second)
Figure 2. AC voltage and current waveform of the before and after plasma breakdown.
3
2e-5
conversion
0.07
destruction efficiency
Conversion (%)
80
0.06 0.05
60 0.04 40
0.03 0.02
20 0.01 0
benzene
toluene
m-xylene
o-xylene
p-xylene
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
0.08
100
0.00
Figure 3. Aromatic VOCs conversion and destruction efficiency. The experiment was conducted at flow rates of 5L/min and VOCs concentration of 0.1-0.5%. The total consumed energy and frequency were 270 Watt and 20 kHz, respectively.
4
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
0.050
this work 0.040
Packed bed DBD1 UV/O 3 2
0.030
0.020
0.010
0.000
benzene
toluene
o-xylene
Figure 4. Destruction efficiency comparison between gliding arc plasma and other non-thermal plasmas. 1see ref.: Ogata et al, 2002; 2see ref: Shen and Ku, 1999
5
conversion 80
Conversion (%)
1.40
destruction efficiency 1.20 1.00
60 0.80 40
0.60 0.40
20 0.20 0
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
1.60
100
0.00
dichlorocarbon
chloroform
tetrachlorocarbon
Figure 5. Chlorinated VOCs conversion and destruction efficiency. The experiment was conducted at flow rates of 5L/min and VOCs concentration of 3%. The total consumed energy and frequency were 270 Watt and 20 kHz, respectively.
6
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
1.600
this work 1.200 4
0.800
0.400
1
2
4
3
0.000
dichloromethane chloroform tetrachlorocarbon
Figure 6. Destruction efficiency comparison between gliding arc plasma and other non-thermal plasmas for chlorinated VOCs. 1Glow discharge, see ref.: Chen et al., 2001; 2Radio frequency, see ref.: Li et al., 1999; 3Silent discharge, see ref: Föglein et al., 2005; 4Gliding arc, see ref.: Krawczyk and Ulejczyk, 2003.
7
Dichloromethane decomposition
CO2
COCl2
Intensity (a.u.)
Cl2
CHCl3
CCl4
Chloroform decomposition
CO and N2
COCl2 Cl2 CHCl3
CCl4
Tetrachlorocarbon decomposition
CO2 COCl2
0
20
40
60
Cl2
CCl4
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
AMU (m/z) Figure 7. QMS spectra of chlorinated VOCs decomposition by glidng arc plasma. The data were obtained at 1% of VOCs in gas flow rate of 3 L/min.
8
Conversion (%)
100
80 60
40 20 dichloromethane 0
15
16
17
chloroform 18
tetrachlorocarbon 19
20
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 8. Effects of frequency variation on the conversion of chlorinated VOCs. The experiment was conducted at fixed flow rate of 5 L/min.
9
Antonius Indarto†, Jae-Wook Choi, Hwaung Lee, Hyung Keun Song Korea Institute of Science & Technology, Clean Technology Research Center, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Korea
†
Corresponding author: Antonius Indarto; E-mail: [email protected] 1
vent to atmosphere
Data processor
MFC- 1
thermocouple
MFC- 2 Gas chromatography VOCs
Plasma Reactor
Water bath
He
Air
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental set up.
2
6000 0.45
Voltage waveform
Current waveform
0.30
Current (Ampere)
Voltage (Volt)
4000
2000 0
-2000
-4000
0
1e-5
-0.15
before after
-0.45
-6000 -1e -5
0.00
-0.30
before after -2e-5
0.15
2e-5
-2e-5
Time (second)
-1e- 5
0
1e-5
Time (second)
Figure 2. AC voltage and current waveform of the before and after plasma breakdown.
3
2e-5
conversion
0.07
destruction efficiency
Conversion (%)
80
0.06 0.05
60 0.04 40
0.03 0.02
20 0.01 0
benzene
toluene
m-xylene
o-xylene
p-xylene
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
0.08
100
0.00
Figure 3. Aromatic VOCs conversion and destruction efficiency. The experiment was conducted at flow rates of 5L/min and VOCs concentration of 0.1-0.5%. The total consumed energy and frequency were 270 Watt and 20 kHz, respectively.
4
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
0.050
this work 0.040
Packed bed DBD1 UV/O 3 2
0.030
0.020
0.010
0.000
benzene
toluene
o-xylene
Figure 4. Destruction efficiency comparison between gliding arc plasma and other non-thermal plasmas. 1see ref.: Ogata et al, 2002; 2see ref: Shen and Ku, 1999
5
conversion 80
Conversion (%)
1.40
destruction efficiency 1.20 1.00
60 0.80 40
0.60 0.40
20 0.20 0
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
1.60
100
0.00
dichlorocarbon
chloroform
tetrachlorocarbon
Figure 5. Chlorinated VOCs conversion and destruction efficiency. The experiment was conducted at flow rates of 5L/min and VOCs concentration of 3%. The total consumed energy and frequency were 270 Watt and 20 kHz, respectively.
6
Destruction efficiency (μmol/J)
1.600
this work 1.200 4
0.800
0.400
1
2
4
3
0.000
dichloromethane chloroform tetrachlorocarbon
Figure 6. Destruction efficiency comparison between gliding arc plasma and other non-thermal plasmas for chlorinated VOCs. 1Glow discharge, see ref.: Chen et al., 2001; 2Radio frequency, see ref.: Li et al., 1999; 3Silent discharge, see ref: Föglein et al., 2005; 4Gliding arc, see ref.: Krawczyk and Ulejczyk, 2003.
7
Dichloromethane decomposition
CO2
COCl2
Intensity (a.u.)
Cl2
CHCl3
CCl4
Chloroform decomposition
CO and N2
COCl2 Cl2 CHCl3
CCl4
Tetrachlorocarbon decomposition
CO2 COCl2
0
20
40
60
Cl2
CCl4
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
AMU (m/z) Figure 7. QMS spectra of chlorinated VOCs decomposition by glidng arc plasma. The data were obtained at 1% of VOCs in gas flow rate of 3 L/min.
8
Conversion (%)
100
80 60
40 20 dichloromethane 0
15
16
17
chloroform 18
tetrachlorocarbon 19
20
Frequency (kHz)
Figure 8. Effects of frequency variation on the conversion of chlorinated VOCs. The experiment was conducted at fixed flow rate of 5 L/min.
9
