Farm Production.ppt

PREPARING THE PRODUCTION PLAN:

Why the need to examine our products?

Increase business profit and income

Ways to increase profit and income

Calamities

Pests Changes in weather

Land preparation Seedbed preparation Land

Seed propagation

Materials

Transplanting

Machineries

Fertilizer application

Laborer

Weeding

Time

Pest control

Money/Investment

Harvesting

Harvest Waste

M I X I N g

Tamarind raw materials

Cooking S e a l i n g

Storing Balling

Weighing and putting candies in canisters

Productivity Effective combination of inputs resulted into maximum outputs at a minimal costs.

Efficiency Refers to the frequency or rate of use of inputs to come-up with an output.

Increase in production are not all the time depends on: Increase in output Longer working hours Working harder Cost reduction Creating unemployment

Fixed cost cost that does not change even there is an increase in production. carabao

building Land

Tractor

Variable costs Costs that change depending on the volume of production e.g., rent, labor cost, seedlings, fertilizer, pesticides, herbicides, weedicides

Reduce production materials

Produce only quality products

Avoid spoilage during production time

Regular maintenance of machineries and other facilities

Avoid work accident Avoid delays

Minimize/avoid use of facilities/ machineries not included in the production

Provide an efficient plan of work Tasks

Time (mins) 10 15

Temperature

Equipment

30-37oC

Weighing scale Sharp blade, wash basin, plastic pail Grater, wash basin, plastic pail Cellophane (0002) Steamer, oven ladles Tables, plastic screens, spacious drying area Heavy duty scissors, sharo knife, slicing board

No. of Personnel 1 1

1. 2.

Receiving Peeling/Washing

3.

Grating

30

4.

Spreading

60

5.

Steaming

1.25 hours

130oC

6.

First drying

4-5 hours

40-55 oC

7.

Slicing

30

37 oC

8. 9.

Final drying Frying

4-5 hours 1 hours

40-55 oC 130 oC

10.

Packaging (uncooked) Packaging (toasted) Storing/marketing

30

35-37 oC

Frying pan, oven drainer Sealer

30

35-37 oC

Sealer

3

30

30 oC

Cartons, plastic, glassine

1

11. 12.

2 3 2 2 2

2 1 3

Flow Charts Is a method used to note process diagrammatically using symbols. Information: Time taken Quantity Distance traveled, etc.

Actions are evaluated to increase productivity: Eliminate Combine Re-arrange, etc.

Flow Charts

Receiving the tamarind fruit (w/o skin)

Mixing tamarind, sugar and other ingredients

Cleaning the tamarind

Cooking the mixture

Balling the cooked tamarind into desired sizes and take the seeds out (seedless)

No. Reject Quality control yes Ready for marketing

Storing the canisters in the shelves

Packaging the tamarind candy in canisters

yes

No. Reject

Routing Diagram

Is a diagram drawn to scale, that represents the layout of the operations floor space and movement. • Improvement movement • Distance • Positioning of machinery

Routing Diagram

Seasonal Calendar An illustration that shows pattern or trend in the weather such as: • Rain • Temperature • Crops

Uses:

• Farm tasks

•

For planning

• Farm labor

•

For prioritization

• Animal condition

•

Basis in determining what crops are suitable on a particular weather pattern

•

Determine the interrelationship of the problems identified

• Cost and revenue • Availability of equipment • Cost of materials • Price

Seasonal Calendar

Seasonal Calendar Seasonal Calendar January February March April May June July August Sept October November December 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Ulan

Temperatura

Pananim

Gawain

Ulan: O 1 2 3 4

Wala Ambon Mahina Malakas Pinakamalakas

Temperatura: O Pinakamalamig 1 Malamig 2 Karaniwan 3 Mainit 4 Pinakamainit

Mga Gawain 1 Paghahanda ng lupa 2 Pagtatanim 3 Pag-fertilize 4 Pag-aani

Where is the farm located? (Farm map) What will be the layout of the farm?

What will be the production processes? • Cropping calendar

What are the required fixed assets? How much?

What is the lifespan of the said fixed assets? How many years will it last? How will it be maintained? Is there an available spare parts? What is the capacity of the equipment/machinery? What capacity is required? Is there any plan for the excess capacity? Where will it be purchased? How will it be paid?

What are the materials needed?

What is the required volume? How much will it cost?

Where will it be sourced out? Is the required materials available anytime?

How many and who are the required laborer? What are the required skills needed. How much is the labor cost? Is there an available required skilled worker during the entire year? If non, how does it affect in the production? How will you motivate your worker to work better?

How much is the investment? What are the overhead cost of production? How much is the allocated production cost in each unit of production?