May
‘Fair Fares’ Survey Analysis This document overviews the level of support received by respondents to a community survey regarding the formation of a ‘fair fares’ policy by Translink. Although written and designed by David Bremner, a volunteer community activist, the survey was publicly open and responses were invited from Translink, Queensland Rail and Translink bus operators (including Southern Cross Transit, Hornibrook, Kangaroo Bus Lines, Bus Link Qld, Bus Qld, Mt Gravatt Coaches, Brisbane Buslines, Surfside and Veolia). Responses were also sought from community‐based organisations such as ‘Communities Advocating Sustainable Transport’ and ‘Rail Back on Track’. Over 100 responses were received within two weeks demonstrating a strong community desire for the formation of a fair fares policy. This analysis demonstrates a consensus viewpoint of those respondents as to a good basis upon which any fares policy should be based.
David Bremner, Urban Planner/ Community Activist Brisbane, South East Queensland
‘Fair Fares’ Survey Analysis 1
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Table of Contents Overview ........................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 2 Section 1 ‐ Use of public transport and payment method ................................................... 3 What factors contribute to your choice to use, either Go card, cash or pre‐purchased tickets?...... 5 Section 2 ‐ Fare Policy Principles......................................................................................... 5 Overview of Principles...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Principle 1. Fair fares ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 Open text comments – Fair fares................................................................................................................................... 5 Principle 2. Fares that encourage the use of public transport ........................................................................ 6 Open text comments Fares that encourage public transport usage........................................................... 6 Principle 3. Smart fares .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Open text comments Smart fares ............................................................................................................................... 7 Principle 4. Financially secure funding for improved services....................................................................... 7 Open text comments Financially secure funding................................................................................................. 8 Section 3 ‐ Fare Policy Aims................................................................................................ 8 Section 4 ‐ Actions for Implementation .............................................................................. 8 Section 5 ‐ Additional Open Text Question Responses........................................................ 9 How can Translink promote users to switch to Go card over the next 2‐3 years................................... 9 Additional comments about Translink and the quality of services in the region................................... 9 Section 6 ‐ Petition ........................................................................................................... 10 Suggested Fair Fares Policy Diagram................................................................................. 12 Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 13 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 13
Overview This survey was designed and written by David Bremner, an urban planner and community activist. The survey was conducted via the internet using an online survey tool. The aim of the survey was firstly to educate respondents about the potential benefits of the Go card and secondly to produce a consensus viewpoint that could be submitted to Translink and the Government on the need for a formal fair fares policy. The need for the survey has resulted from the rushed implementation of the Translink Go card and the inadequacy of the Go card fare structure. Many users have faced significant issues with the equipment (sensor errors, programming errors, clock time setting errors) which have resulted in them being charged a higher than normal fare. Additionally many users have faced a ‘hidden’ fare increase simply by switching to the Go card due to the lack of daily, weekly or monthly ticket products. Long distance passengers (who travel more than 10 zones) have also had a previous discount taken away. Each of these facts highlights the need for a formal and fair, fares policy. As Translink is currently continuing to advertise and push forward with the Go card implementation, it is
‘Fair Fares’ Survey Analysis 1
extremely important that all of these actions being undertaken by Translink occur within an established policy framework. Decisions must be made in a consistent and fair manner. The ongoing success of the Go card, and the planning positives to be delivered will only happen with the full support of the community and public transport users.
Introduction
The survey was viewed 158 times, started 128 times and completed by 101 respondents. The survey was conducted on the internet and anyone could respond. The link was emailed to personal associates, Translink, QR, several bus operators and community organisations including Rail Back on Track and Communities Advocating Sustainable Transport. There was a slight bias in the gender of respondents with 61% being male and 39% female.
The age of respondents is indicated in the graph below:
Section 1 ‐ Use of public transport and payment method When asked about the frequency of payment types 53% respondents either ‘always’ or ‘frequently’ paid for services by cash. Only 14% of respondents never pay by cash. In response to the same question 48% ‘always’ or ‘frequently’ pay by ‘pre‐purchased ticket (10 trip, weekly, monthly or other)’ however 48% said they ‘never’ pay ‘by Go card’. Therefore a large proportion of the survey respondents could become prime Go card customers. Many of these people currently do not own or frequently use that method of payment. Although not quantifiably supported, a theme of dissatisfaction with Go card as it is currently priced and implemented is supported in the open text responses throughout the survey. This is contrasted with a generally positive outlook on the potentials of the Go card. Frequency of method of travel:
How frequently do you use each of the following methods to pay for public transport services in South East Queensland? A. By cash (when boarding or on the platform) B. By Go card C. By pre‐purchased tickets (eg 10 trip, weekly, monthly)
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What factors contribute to your choice to use, either Go card, cash or pre‐ purchased tickets? •
Reliability
Respondents indicated that they were holding off using Go card while the system bugs were being resolved, and those who were currently using the system were dissatisfied with the number of errors and penalty fees •
Finances
Respondents indicated a desire to have a fixed monthly outlay or daily or weekly limits. •
Confusion
Some respondents found the system confusing to use, difficult to tag on and off and difficult to use the ticket vending machines
Section 2 ‐ Fare Policy Principles Overview of Principles
The survey proposed that Translink should create a ‘fair fares’ policy that was based upon the following four principles: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Fair fares Fares that encourage the use of public transport Smart fares Financially secure funding for improved services.
Each of these principles listed a number of components all of which had a high level of support by the survey respondents. In this section of the survey, respondents were asked to indicate their level of support from ‘Strongly Agree’ through to ‘Strongly Disagree’ on a five point Likert scale. The table below lists the statement made, the averaged value between 1 to 5 it scored across the participants (where 1 represents ‘Strongly Agree’) and the combined percentage of respondents who chose either ‘Strongly Agree’ or ‘Agree’.
Principle 1. Fair fares Statement
Score
Concessions for youth, students, pensioners and low income earners Fares offer value-for-money and are affordable to the community Stable fares with price increases maintained at or below CPO Passengers are promoted to use smart card with better deals and not punished for using paper tickets
1.413 1.456 1.544 1.602
‘Strongly Agree’ or ‘Agree’ 95.19% 87.38% 89.32% 87.38%
Open text comments – Fair fares •
Fare increases above CPI may be supported
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Most respondents indicated a high level of support for the statement that fare increases should be kept as low as possible and no greater than the consumer price index, however some respondents acknowledged the immense task at hand and thought that increases above CPI may be warranted as long as these were clearly tied to service improvements. Such a rise would also need to be demonstrated within the context of an increasing government subsidy. •
Fares should encourage the use of public transport over the private motor vehicle
Respondents indicated a strong desire that the historic underfunding of public transport, and continuing overfunding of public roads should be addressed. Many respondents indicated that the benefits of public transport are often ignored along with the hidden costs of road usage (carbon emissions, death toll, congestion etc). •
Low income people should receive concession fares
Students, youth, pensioners and low income earners should all receive concession fares while children should receive free fares. •
Short journeys are currently too highly priced
Most journeys by car are very short, yet short journeys by public transport are very expensive a possible solution to this could involve inner zones of free travel in the centres of Brisbane, Gold Coast, Redcliffe etc based upon the Perth free travel zone. •
Go card needs to be a smart card
Go card should charge all equivalent paper ticket discounts such as daily, weekly and monthly •
Financial incentives are important in gaining a significant and early uptake of Go card.
Service efficiencies on buses should pay for discounts on tickets. Users, Translink and operators all benefit from customers using Go card, and thus significant discounts should be used to promote users to switch to Go card.
Principle 2. Fares that encourage the use of public transport Statement A payment system that is easy to use and understand Discounts for higher use and longer journeys Price guarantee – travelling by smart card will always be the cheapest alternative New and improved frequent user scheme for pre-paid smart cards Cheaper off-peak travel New monthly post-paid ‘caps’ and other fare packages Special offers
1.308 1.398 1.461
‘Strongly Agree’ or ‘Agree’ 99.04% 94.17% 87.25%
1.578 1.712 1.728 1.971
81.37% 83.65% 78.64% 73.79%
Score
Open text comments ‐ Fares that encourage public transport usage •
Go card must be cheaper than paper equivalents to promote its uptake and usage
•
Go card requires a daily cap
•
Go card should guarantee to be the cheapest method of payment for public transport services
It needs to be easy for the community to use, this doesn’t mean it can’t offer different types of product (such as daily, weekly, monthly etc) •
Infrequent but consistent users should receive a discount
Many of the current users of 10 Trip Saver tickets such as students, working mothers, part time workers who travel four to eight times a week deserve a discount yet receive non under the current frequent user scheme. •
System errors need to be resolved
Go card should offer a viable alternative prior to the removal of 10 Trip Saver tickets from BT buses
Principle 3. Smart fares
1.440
‘Strongly Agree’ or ‘Agree’ 95.00%
1.534
90.29%
1.578 1.598 1.693
87.25% 83.33% 83.17%
Statement
Score
Service improvements planned with better information about passenger demand An integrated system of payment across trains, buses, ferries and in future, taxis A growing funding base to meet growing demands Smart fares promote greater community use of public transport A system that manages demand by giving discounts for off-peak travel and re-allocates resources in real-time
Open text comments ‐ Smart fares •
Taxis could be included in the future
The convenience of Go card would only increase by allowing for the metered balance of taxis in South East Queensland to be paid for by prepaid credit stored on the Translink Go card. •
Government subsidy should continue to be the major source of revenue, not fares
The goal of public transport fares should not be to pay outright for the operation of services as these should be predominantly funded through government subsidy as all users of the transport system benefit from them (ie those who use cars and drive trucks benefit from those who catch the bus and as such should contribute to the financial operation of public transport services)
Principle 4. Financially secure funding for improved services Statement Secure funding for an improving system Ease of administration and reduced cash handling costs A stronger negotiation position with service providers Inter and intra-generationally responsible funding Reduced ticket fraud and fare evasion
Score 1.475 1.696 1.743 1.792 1.892
‘Strongly Agree’ or ‘Agree’ 93.07% 85.29% 81.19% 77.23% 74.51%
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Open text comments ‐ Financially secure funding •
Secure funding is important to maintain services and implement service improvements
•
Fare evasion needs to be dealt with sensitively and not punitively
Fare evasion needs to be controlled however the method of which this occurs needs to be dealt with sensitively. Large amounts of money should not be spent enforcing and policing a low level of fare evasion as those funds could be better spent on service improvements. Passengers do not like to be made to feel like criminals and most recognise their responsibility to have a valid ticket.
Section 3 ‐ Fare Policy Aims Respondents to the survey were asked to rank in order of importance the following aims of any public transport fares policy. The aims are listed in the order ranked by respondents. The survey randomised the list for each different respondent, so what was at the top of the page for one respondent could have been at the bottom of the page for the next respondent. Thus there is no bias from respondents simply numbering the boxes in order displayed on the page. Rank
Public transport fare policy aim
1st
Provide affordable and financially equitable access to public transport services Promote public transport as a viable alternative to private motor vehicle travel Improve service quality, efficiency and reliability (particularly of buses) via cashless boarding Deliver integrated ticketing across all modes of public transport including trains, buses, ferries as well as metered taxis Achieve radical gains in the mode-share usage of public transport Secure a stable and growing revenue base to fund an improving public transport network Achieve user input in policy formation and service improvements (eg community consultation regarding 'fair fares') Improve the quality of customer service via internet, phone and other methods to improve community perceptions of public transport
2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th
Averaged rank from 1 to 8 3.16 3.51 3.70 4.56 4.88 5.07 5.35 5.66
Section 4 ‐ Actions for Implementation
The following table includes the actions that were suggested for implementation of the fares policy. Each of these actions was listed by the survey and have come from either existing policy documents or obvious problems with the current implementation and fare structure. The survey sought to determine which had the most support. As such they have been ranked from most highly supported to least. These options were also randomized and thus this order accurately reflects the consensus view point of the survey respondents. Rank
Actions that should be considered for implementation by Translink
1st
Reduce the cost of travel for smart card users with further discounts for
Averaged level of support from 1 to 5 1.480
high-use and off-peak passengers Install smart card top-up and balance machines at all busway stations and major interchanges Develop and offer for sale a larger range of fare packages on smart card Explore options for free fares where the service arrives significantly late Integrate Airtrain payment with Go card (either at existing cost or preferably renegotiate contracts to allow integration with the zonal system – perhaps at zone 17 or 18) Implement a daily travel cap on smart card based on the zones and journeys travelled that day Maintain equitably priced paper tickets until smart card is broadly accepted by the community, functioning at the required level and offering a suite of products that match current and future user demands) Maintain paper ticket price increases close to or below CPI Implement a refund and contact process via the web portal and ensure all valid refunds are processed within 15 business days Improve usability of the 'value adding and ticket machines' especially for use by bus passengers Allow the sale of weekly paper tickets via the 'value adding and ticket machines' Expand Go card payment across all regional Qconnect public transport networks Rapidly develop and implement a post-paid monthly 'cap' option (this could be based on mobile phone caps where a user selects their cap value and receives a bigger discount the bigger the value, as such this would not be zone dependant) Introduce smart card (Go) payment for metered taxis in the Translink coverage area
2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th
14th
1.551 1.571 1.612 1.649 1.729 1.732 1.765 1.806 1.823 2.062 2.031 2.156
2.505
Section 5 ‐ Additional Open Text Question Responses How can Translink promote users to switch to Go card over the next 2‐3 years •
Daily Caps
•
Weekly, Monthly travel cards or caps
•
Discounts for regular but intermittent users
•
Go card needs to be attractive in terms of cost, not just convenience to users to be widely accepted
Additional comments about Translink and the quality of services in the region •
Translink must progress the existing planned busway network as quickly as possible. If this means funding is diverted from road construction then that should occur.
•
Translink needs to fund additional and new rolling stock for the railways and progress extensions to the rail network
•
Translink must purchase and operate more buses
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•
Translink needs to communicate with the community more clearly and needs to respond quickly and accurately to complaints and comments
•
Translink needs to improve late night services so that users do not need a car
•
The issues of reliability, infrequency and overcrowding need to be dealt with promptly
•
Community desire to see light rail in the inner city
•
Government needs to recognise public transport as an investment rather than cost and needs to prioritise funding for public transport over roads
•
Translink needs to engage the community when forming policy that affects them
Section 6 ‐ Petition
Of the 101 respondents who completed the survey, 56 wished to have their name and postcode recorded as having contributed towards the consensus viewpoint established by the survey. The list is as below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.
David Bremner, West End 4101 Tim Homel, Yeronga 4104 Sam Clifford, Wooloowin 4030 Robert Dow 4076 Jeffrey Addison, Palmwoods 4555 Murray Henman, Corinda 4075 Jeff Slattery, Eatons Hill 4037 Andrew Albiston, Moorooka. 4105 Stephanie Mills, Annerley 4103 John Nightingale Louise Bremner Bardon 4065 Peter Bremner, Bardon 4065 Diana Wood, Indooroopilly, 4068 Paula King, Bardon 4065 Heather Horne, 4171 Daniel Favier, Carina Heights, 4152 Glenn Crompton, Nundah, 4012 Andrew McLean, Oxley, 4075 Lindna McInnes 4060 Scott Graby, Fortitude Valley 4006 Josh Campbell, 4113 John McBratney, Carindale Kate Milne, Keperra, 4054 Chris Campbell, Nambour 4560 Rolf Kuelsen, Cannon Hill 4170 Anthony Brumby, Pacific Pines 4215 L van Heuzen, Cashmere, 4500 Monterey Keys 4212 Mike Hall, Ferny Grove, 4055 Kate Matthews. Clayfield 4011 Russell, Coopers Plains 4108 anonymous, Hendra 4011 Lisa Cory, Greenslopes 4121 Tristan Peach, Spring Hill, 4000
35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.
Daniel Young, Saint Lucia 4067 E A Smith, West End 4101 Bradley Smith, Greenslopes 4120 Carol Rogers, Camp Hill 4152 Peter Marquis‐Kyle, Highgate Hill 4101 Glenn Wright, Kelvin Grove Clinton Roy, Highgate Hill 4010 Paul Murdoch, Kangaroo Point, 4169 Colin Sweett, Taringa 4068 Bruce Purdon, Herston, 4006 Rowena Shakes, Highgate Hill 4101 anonymous 4102 Bruce Dan, Hawthorne 4171 Cynthia Lie, Toowong 4066 anonymous 4013 Darren Godwell, South Brisbane 4101 Rob wilson, west End, 4101 Anna Keenan, Aspley 4034 Tony Cullum‐Brown Trent Everitt, West End 4101 Greg Neill, Coorparoo, 4151 Peter Mitterocker, Redland Bay 4165
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Suggested Fair Fares Policy Diagram
Recommendations a) It is recommended that Translink develop a fair fares strategy with regard to community input and this submission. The fare strategy must adequately address pricing issues, equity, the implementation of Go card and deliver a sustainable fare base (under the assumption that Government subsidy should provide the majority of operational funds for a public system that benefits the entire community and not just users). b) In regards to Go card, it is recommended to progress the following actions: • • •
Immediate implementation of daily, weekly and monthly ticket types on Go Resolution of technical bugs Significant improvements need to be made to the ticket vending machines programming to allow their installation on all busway stations and at major bus interchanges and ease of use by bus passengers
Conclusion The results of this survey clearly indicate a high level of support within the community for the need to resolve all outstanding issues (including an inequitable fare structure) with the Go card implementation and to formalise via community consultation, a formal Translink Fair Fares Policy. It is noted that Translink’s Strategic Direction mentions the need for a fares strategy and the current Transport Operations Bill will require the formation of a fares strategy once this legislation becomes law and this supported. However, it is proposed that any fares strategy must consistently respond to issues of social equity not in some vague sense, but in the everyday application of policy and the price levels at which fares are set. It is clear to the community that the recent implementation of Go has seriously failed this criterion. The stealth fare increases of 25% to 30% clearly do not constitute a fair implementation of a fare system that should bring about significant savings.
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