F0recast Pmr Paper ( Science )

NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3 (Forecast 2008 PMR Papers)

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FORECAST 2008 PMR PAPERS PAPER 1 [40 marks]

One hour

Answer all the questions. Instructions: Questions 1 to 40 have four possible answers for each question. Choose the best answer for each question.

1

2

A small bottle which can hold 25 cm3 of water is filled with 15 cm3 of water only. One ball bearing displaces 0.2 cm3 of water. How many ball bearings must be added into the bottle so that the water in it fills the bottle? A 30 B 40 C 50 D 60 W: Form a hypothesis X: Form a rational conclusion Y: Identify the problem Z: Carry out an investigation The above are steps taken in a scientific investigation. Arrange the steps in the correct sequence. A Y, W, Z, X B W, Y, X, Z C Z, X, W, Y D W, Y, Z, X

3

Diagram 1 shows a plant cell. P

Q

R

S

Diagram 1 Which labelled part stores water and nutrients? A P B Q C R D S

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4

Which of the following is not part of the human nervous system? A Nerve B Brain C Spinal cord D Fallopian tube

5

Which statement best explains why a balloon filled with air expands when placed in the sun? sunlight

balloon

air particles

Diagram 2 A B C D 6

The air particles receive heat energy and increase in size. The air particles receive heat energy and exert more pressure outwards. The pores in the balloon enlarge and let in more air particles. The rubber of the balloon becomes thinner and weaker.

Which of the following is most likely to be a molecule of sulphur? A B

C

7

D

Diagram 3 shows an experiment. 3V

carbon rods copper chloride solution

Diagram 3

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Which of the following is not an inference which can be drawn from this experiment? A Copper chloride is a compound. B The elements in copper chloride can be separated by electrical energy. C Carbon conducts electrical energy. D Copper chloride compound in solid form conducts electrical energy. 8

There are forty students in a class. Which comparison between the air in the classroom and the air outside it is incorrect? Air inside classroom Air outside classroom Has more oxygen Has less oxygen A Has more carbon dioxide Has less carbon dioxide B Has more moisture Has less moisture C 78 % of it is nitrogen 78 % of it is nitrogen D

9

Diagram 4 shows a marble moving down a slope. marble

W Y X Z

Diagram 4 At which point does the marble have maximum potential energy? A W B X C Y D Z 10

Diagram 5 shows a flask being warmed by a candle flame.

air

heat

water

air bubble

Diagram 5 Suggest a hypothesis for the experiment. A Air is a mixture of gases. B Air is made up of discrete particles. C Air expands when it is heated. D Air absorbs heat energy.

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The experiment shown in Diagram 6 is set up and left in the sun. glass tube drop of water shiny white surface

black dull surface

air

P

Q Diagram 6 Which explanation given below is correct? Observation Reason The water rises higher in tin P A shiny white surface absorbs more heat A The water rises higher in tin P A shiny white surface reflects more heat B The water rises higher in tin Q A black dull surface absorbs more heat C The water rises higher in tin Q A black dull surface radiates more heat D

12

Which of the following does not make use of convection currents? A Boiling water in an electric kettle B Enjoying the sea breeze on the seashore C Ventilating a hall with air holes near the roof D Frying eggs in a frying pan

13

Diagram 7 shows a section through the human ear. X

Z

Y W

Diagram 7 The function of which part of the ear is incorrectly stated? Part of the ear Function W To vibrate at the same frequency as the incoming sound waves A X To help in balancing the body B Y To equalize the air pressure on each side of the eardrum C Z To change sound waves into vibrations D

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14

Which organ in the digestive system is the first to digest protein? A Mouth B Stomach C Duodenum D Large intestine

15

Which of the following is a mammal which lays eggs? A Platypus B Whale C Dolphin D Panda

16

Why are non-green plants such as fungi unable to carry out photosynthesis? A They do not bear fruit and seeds. B They do not have chlorophyll to absorb light energy. C They do not require glucose for respiration. D They do not have excess oxygen to be released into the air.

17

Which of the following is the correct definition of commensalism? A Interaction between two organisms in which both organisms benefit B Interaction between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is harmed or killed C Interaction between two organisms in which one benefits and the other is unaffected D Interaction in which two organisms complete for food and habitat.

18

A habitat has the following pyramid of numbers.

Frogs Caterpillars Cabbages

Diagram 8 Which of the following is the correct classification of the organisms? Producers Primary consumers Secondary consumers Caterpillars Cabbages A Frogs Cabbages Frogs B Caterpillars Frogs Caterpillars C Cabbages Caterpillars Frogs D Cabbages

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K: To reduce the acidity of the water L: To speed up sedimentation of solid particles M: To kill microorganisms such as bacteria K, L, and M are chemical substances used in a water treatment reservoir. Identify the substances represented by K, L and M. K L M Slaked lime Alum Chlorine A Chlorine Slaked lime B Alum Slaked lime Alum C Chlorine Fluoride Chlorine D Slaked lime

20

In an experiment, two pieces of equally wet filter paper are hung up to dry as shown in Diagram 9. thread

folded into half

unfolded

Diagram 9 Which of the following is a hypothesis which can be proved by this experiment? A Water evaporates faster in dry air. B Water evaporates faster from a large surface area. C Water evaporates faster in moving air. D Water evaporates faster in bright sunlight. 21

Why does water boil faster at the top of a mountain than at the foot of the mountain? A It is more windy at the top of a mountain. B It is colder at the top of a mountain. C There is less air pressure acting on the water. D There is more air pressure acting on the water.

22

Diagram 10 shows the same spring balance used to weigh two objects P and Q. Calculate the weight of Q. 4 cm

6 cm

8 cm

P

1.0 N

Q

Diagram 10

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A C

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B D

2.0 N 4.0 N

23

3.0 N 5.0 N

newton spring balance

Diagram 11 A block of wood is pulled along the floor, as shown in Diagram 11. When a force is applied to pull the bock of wood to the right, there will be another force which will resist the pulling force. Name the resisting force and the direction of action of the force. Resisting force Direction Gravity Downwards A Electrostatic Upwards B Effort To the right C Friction To the left D

24

Which organism is correctly matched with its support system? Organism Support system Scorpion Endoskeleton A Earthworm Hydrostatic skeleton B Rubber tree Clasping roots C Lotus plant Secondary xylem D

25

Which of the following objects is the most stable and which is the least stable? wooden frustum

wooden cylinder

P

A B C D

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Most stable R P Q S

Q

R

S

Diagram 12 Least stable P R S Q

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Diagram 13 shows a lever system. load

effort

fulcrum

Diagram 13 Which of the following devices has the same lever system as that shown in the above diagram? A See-saw B Scissors C Bottle opener D Ice tongs 27

The lever shown in Diagram 14 is balanced horizontally. effort, 2 N fulcrum

load, 6 N

Diagram 14 Using the same lever, an effort of 6 N is required to lift a certain load X. How heavy is load X? A 9N B 12 N C 16 N D 18 N 28

P: The alveoli form a very large surface area. Q: The alveoli have a wall which is one-cell thick. R: The alveoli are always moist. S: The alveoli are covered with a network of blood capillaries. The alveoli in the lungs are suitable places for the diffusion of gases between them and the blood capillaries. Which factors listed above help in the diffusion of these gases? A P and R only B Q and S only C P, Q and S only D P, Q, R and S

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Diagram 15 shows a section through the human heart. X

Y

W

Z

right

left

Diagram 15 Which of the labelled blood vessels is an artery which carries deoxygenated blood? A W B X C Y D Z 30

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the kidneys? A They produce the hormone insulin. B They regulate glucose in the blood. C They regulate water in the blood. D They reabsorb glucose and amino acids.

31 bladder duct cut and tied

penis testis

Diagram 16 Diagram 16 shows a duct in a man being cut and tied. This is done to … A stimulate the man’s desire for sex. B prevent urine from the bladder from entering the testis. C prevent sperm from the testis from flowing out. D prevent reproductive hormones from entering the bladder. 32

Diagram 17 shows a foetus in the uterus of its mother. P

Diagram 17

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Which of the following is not supplied by the mother to the foetus through the structure labelled P? A Dissolved nutrients B Carbon dioxide C Antibodies D Hormones 33

P: Baby R: Foetus

Q: Zygote S: Embryo

The stages in the development of a fertilized ovum are shown in the above list. Arrange them in the correct sequence. A Q, R, S, P B S, R, Q, P C Q, S, R, P D S, Q, R, P 34

W, X and Y are three fractions of petroleum obtained from fractional distillation. Tests on them give the following results. W X Y Viscous Not viscous Very viscous Burns with a yellowish Burns with a blue flame Burns with a bright flame yellow flame Table 1 If the fractions used are petrol, fuel oil and diesel, identify them from the tests. W X Y Fuel oil Diesel A Petrol Diesel Petrol B Fuel oil Petrol Diesel C Fuel oil Petrol Fuel oil D Diesel 12 V

35 A

4 ohms

4 ohms

Diagram 18 What will be the reading on the ammeter? A 6A C 10 A

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B D

8A 12 A

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A negatively charged plastic ruler is brought close to a negatively charged electroscope. negatively charged ruler

metal cap

negatively charged electroscope

gold leaf

Diagram 19 Which of the following explains what you will observe? Gold leaf Explanation Diverges Protons are attracted to the gold leaf A Diverges Electrons are repelled to the gold leaf B Collapses Protons are repelled to the gold leaf C Collapses Electrons move up to the metal cap D 37

When a conductor cuts the lines of force of a magnetic field, an electric current is generated in the conductor. A device which uses the principle stated above is the … A transformer. B turbine. C dynamo. D miniature circuit breaker.

38

live wire W

X

Y

Diagram 20 Diagram 20 shows a part of a circuit in a house. W, X, and Y represent a switch, a lamp and a fuse wire (not in the correct order). Identify W, X and Y. W X Y Switch Lamp A Fuse Lamp Fuse B Switch Fuse Switch C Lamp Fuse Lamp D Switch

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39

Which of the following planets is now known as a “dwarf planet”? A Mars B Pluto C Neptune D Uranus

40

Angkasawan Dr. Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor was launched into outer space on 10 October 2007. What was his mission? A To land on the Moon and study its rocks B To land on Mars and look for water C To search for aliens in outer space D To carry out experiments in the International Space Station

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PAPER 2

One hour thirty minutes

Section A [40 marks] Instructions: Answer all the questions in this section.

1

Diagram 1 shows a substance being heated, causing it to change from state P to state Q.

heat

P

(a)

Q

Diagram 1 Name the process which takes place during the heating. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b)

Explain how heat causes the process to take place. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c)

State the difference between the movement of the particles in P and Q. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [2 marks]

(d)

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What do we call the smallest particle of … i iron? ____________________________________________________________ ii ice? ____________________________________________________________ [2 marks]

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NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3 (Forecast 2008 PMR Papers)

2

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Diagram 2 shows an organ system in the human body.

X

Diagram 2 (a)

i.

Identity the system. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

ii.

What is the function of this system? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b)

Name the organ marked X. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c)

An organ is made up of different tissues. Name two types of tissues present in organ X. __________________________________________________________________ [2 marks]

(d)

Emily accidentally touched a beaker of hot water and quickly pulled her hand away from the hot beaker. What system in her body enables her to feel the heat? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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3

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Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set up to study a phenomenon. wet sawdust germinating seed block of wood

(a)

wooden tray with holes

Diagram 3 Suggest a hypothesis that can be proved correct by this experiment. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b)

What is the phenomenon shown by the seeds in this experiment known as? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c)

State one way by which this phenomenon benefits plants. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(d)

Rubber trees growing near a road are observed to bend towards the road. i. What stimulus causes the rubber trees to grow in that manner? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark] ii.

How does the stimulus help the rubber trees? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(e)

What is meant by a negative tropism? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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4

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Diagram 4.1 shows four substances.

Toothpaste

(a)

Apple

Tea

Milk of magnesia

Diagram 4.1 Classify the substances into two groups as shown in Diagram 4.2. Substances

Characteristic

Characteristic

Name of substance

Name of substance

Diagram 4.2 (b)

i.

[2 marks]

Complete the following equation. dilute Magnesium + hydrochloric acid

+

[1 mark] ii.

Based on the equation in (b) i., suggest a definition for an acid. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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(c)

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A test tube containing dilute sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium chloride is heated as shown in Diagram 4.3?

dilute sodium hydroxide solution test tube holder ammonium chloride heat

Diagram 4.3 i.

State one observation that you can make. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

ii.

Write a word equation to show the chemical reaction that takes place. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

5

Diagram 5 shows three beakers of chicken blood. sodium chloride oxygen

P

carbon dioxide

Q

R

chicken blood

Diagram 5 Oxygen is bubbled into the blood in beaker P; carbon dioxide is bubbled into the blood in beaker Q, and sodium chloride is added into the blood in beaker R. The blood in the three beakers are stirred.

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NEXUS PMR SCIENCE FORM 1•2•3 (Forecast 2008 PMR Papers)

(a)

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State what you will observe in each beaker. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ [3 marks]

(b)

What substance in the blood absorbs and transports oxygen? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c)

What substance in the blood is able to destroy bacteria? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(d)

What happens in the blood of a person who is suffering from leukaemia? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(e)

State two differences in structure between an artery and a vein. __________________________________________________________________ [2 marks]

6

(a)

The circuit in Diagram 6.1 shows two resistors arranged in parallel. V

A 5 ohms

V1

6V

5 ohms

V2 6V

Diagram 6.1

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i.

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What is the voltage (V) across the battery? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

ii.

Calculate the total resistance in the circuit. (Show your working)

[1 mark] iii.

State one advantage of arranging resistors in parallel in an electric circuit. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b)

Diagram 6.2 shows a transformer. lamp lamp

primary voltage

VP

VS

secondary voltage

Diagram 6.2 i.

The transformer has 300 turns of wire in the primary coil and 100 turns of wire in the secondary coil. If the primary voltage (Vp) is 15 V, calculate the secondary voltage (Vs). (Show your working)

[2 marks]

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ii.

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The primary voltage (Vp) is drawn against the secondary voltage (Vs) for two transformers as shown in Diagram 6.3.

Primary voltage (V)

transformer P 4

3

transformer Q

2

1

1

2

3

4

5

6

Secondary voltage (V)

Diagram 6.3 What type of transformers are P and Q? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ [2 marks] iii.

Why are laminated soft iron plates used as the core of a transformer? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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Section B [20 marks] Instructions: Answer all the questions in this section.

7

Diagram 7.1 shows lead sulphide being heated in a test tube.

lead sulphide heat acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution

Diagram 7.1 (a)

Why is the test tube containing lead sulphide powder clamped horizontally? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b)

i.

State one precaution which should be taken when this experiment is being carried out. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

ii.

Give a reason for taking this precaution. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c)

What change will you observe in the acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution after a while? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(d)

Write a word equation to show the effect of heat in lead sulphide. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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(e)

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Name a metal sulphide which cannot be decomposed by heating. __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(f)

Diagram 7.2 shows a mixture of metal powder and sulphur powder being heated.

mixture of metal powder and sulphur powder heat

Diagram 7.2 This experiment is carried out by heating two mixtures, one at a time. The results are given in Table 7.3. Mixture Metal X and sulphur

Reaction The heated mixture glows. The glow spreads slowly by itself.

Metal Y and sulphur

i.

The heated mixture glows brightly. The bright glow spreads quickly by itself. Table 7.3 Which metal (X or Y) is more active?

Product Black substance

White substance

____________________________________________________________ [1 mark] ii.

What is metal Y most likely to be? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

iii.

What inference can you form from observing that the glow spreads by itself through the mixture after initial heating? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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iv.

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The products obtained in the experiment are metal sulphides. Suggest how you can get back iron from iron sulphide. ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

8

Diagram 8.1 shows the apparatus set up to study how the nature of the surface in contact with a block of wood affects the frictional force produced between the surface and the block of wood. block of wood

newton spring balance

frictional force pulling force

Diagram 8.1 (a)

(b)

State the variables involved in the experiment. i. Constant variable: ____________________________________________ ii.

Manipulated variable: _________________________________________

iii.

Responding variable: __________________________________________ [3 marks]

The results of the experiment are given in Table 8.2. Nature of surface Frictional force produced (N) Glass surface 3.0 Table surface 5.0 Rough floor 8.0 Table 8.2 What conclusion can you draw? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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(c)

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Predict the results of the experiment if … i. a heavier block of wood is used. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark] ii.

the same block is used with its narrow side touching the surface. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(d)

In an experiment which is carried out to study the relationship between the extension of a spring and the force pulling it (Diagram 8.3), the results shown in Table 8.4 are obtained.

spring

Force (N) 1 Extension 1.5 (cm)

long needle

2 3.0

3 4.5

4 6.0

5 7.5

Table 8.4

pan

ruler

i.

Diagram 8.3 Based on Table 8.4, draw a graph of the extension of the spring against the force puling it.

Extension of spring (cm) 10

8

6

4

2

Force (N) 0

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1

2

3

4

5

6

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ii.

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Based on the graph you have drawn, what conclusion can you draw regarding the relationship between the extension and the force? ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

iii.

From your graph, read the extension of the spring when the force is 6.5 N. ____________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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