Experiment File (pmso) 151120105004.docx

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENT- 1 Introduction Of Chemcad Software

Process simulation software:describes processes in flow diagrams where unit operations are positioned and connected by product or eductstreams. The software has to solve the mass and energy balance to find a stable operating point. The goal of a process simulation is to find optimal conditions for an examined process. Ex. Chemcad software , hysis, aspenfamily. Etc

Chemcad software Most processes in the chemical, petro-chemical, pharmaceutical, mechanical and environmental process technologies can be simulated using CHEMCAD™ simulation software by Chemstations Inc. of Houston. The entire CHEMCAD Suite, with its add-on modules, offers a powerful and efficient range of simulation capability. Each module can be acquired as a standalone version or as an add-on version to the main programme CHEMCAD. CC-SAFETY NET and CC-FLASH are already included in CHEMCAD.Simulation with CHEMCAD is based on a large database including more than 2000 components for gases, liquids, solids and electrolytes. Extensive thermodynamic models are available to calculate phase equilibrium and a graphical palette of common unit operations complete the user-friendly modern and intuitive interface of the CHEMCAD SUITE. Throughout the world, many processes are being simulated successfully with CHEMCAD and giving excellent comparisons with reality. Based on this even established processes can be improved and optimised, thus avoiding expensive plant studies. From initial concept CHEMCAD is used in plant simulation in order to verify the realisation of an idea. When using CHEMCAD a process goal is achieved within a very short timescale avoiding expensive laboratory or pilot plant trials.

Advantages :   

the speed and accuracy of process simulation begins to save tremendous time and money. And not only for design changes. Phone and e-mail access to high-level customer support engineers. Ticketing system to track feature requests and software improvements.

151120105004

Page 1

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING Features:      

User-customizable panes. Workspace to create and work with process flow diagrams(PFDs). Message pane that displays diagnostics as you work with a simulation. CHEMCAD Explore pane that makes navigating simulation easy. Palette pane for easy drag and drop acces to unit operation and symbols. Toolbar that provides easy acces to common tasks.

Menu for Chemcad :Some of the important and most commonly used menu items are described here. (The user is recommended to actually get a hands on practice of all the menu items to be familiar with CHEMCAD)

 File: This menu is primarily used to create a new job, to open or close an existing job, to save, import or export jobs, to print the job, and to exit out of CHEMCAD.

151120105004

Page 2

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

 Edit: This menu is usually selected for editing of the flow sheets. This is occasionally used to find UnitOp’s in the flow sheet (specially in case of a process with large number of UnitOps). Another important option available under this menu is the Symbol Builder, which can be used to create complex geometrical shapes. These can be copied and pasted back on to the CHEMCAD simulation window at any stage as desired by the user.

 Format: This is a very useful menu and often used in all the instruction modules to set/change the engineering units. (this can be done by selecting Engineering Units under this menu).

151120105004

Page 3

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

 Fill pattern This can be used to alter the appearance of any UnitOp icon on the flow sheet. One can draw horizontal, vertical or diagonal lines, add/delete filling, etc. One can actually try this feature by clicking on any UnitOp icon on the CHEMCAD palette and clicking once again on the workspace to paste it. Select that unit operation and go to Format. Click on Fill pattern to try to change the appearance of that UnitOp icon by adding or removing filling/lines etc.

 Run Simulation This menu item toggles between Run simulation and Edit flowsheet. The flowsheet can be edited only when this menubar shows Edit flowsheet (Each time the simulation is in Edit flowsheet mode, the CHEMCAD symbol palette will be visible). The S/G icon that can be seen in the bottom row of the main menu also has the same function as the Run Simulation. 

Thermophysical: This is also a frequently used menu bar and some of the most important applications are as follows:

151120105004

Page 4

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING  Databank: With this, one can get into the CHEMCAD database and view all the properties associated with each component found in the database. One can also create a new component that is not found in the existing database using various empirical methods such as UNIFAC and UNIQUAC.  Component List: Using this option, one can select the components to be used in the flow sheet from CHEMCAD database. When Component list is selected, the following window appears. One can type in the name of the component in the dialogue box provided in the bottom. Once CHEMCAD finds that component, one can click on Add toadd it to the components list. One can also browse in to other CHEMCAD files and copy components from those files by clicking on Copy components from another job. The Delete icon on the bottom left corner can be used to delete any components previously added to the database. The icon, Clear, as the name indicates, clears all the components from the Selected Components list and the user will have to start over and enter the desired components again. The Insert icon can be used to arrange the components in a specific order.

151120105004

Page 5

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING 

Run: This menu is used when a. When a simulation needs to be changed from steady state to dynamic mode (The procedure to do this will be explained in detail in the instruction modules for dynamic simulations) b. All the unit operations in the flow sheet need to be run (by selecting Run All) c. When just a few selected unit operations areto be run (by selecting Run Selected Units)

 Results: This menu item also is very frequently used to retrieve the results after a simulation. The sub-items in this menu bar allow one to print the results specific to a stream, unit operation, and also the results associated with each unit operation. In addition to these, there are several options for printing out the thermodynamic properties, tower profiles and tray properties in case of the simulation of towers etc. This section is explained for each individual unit operation in their corresponding instruction modules.  Help: This is the easiest and most efficient method of finding out more information about CHEMCAD and its simulation applications. One can select Help topics and type in the key words in the search field to search for any information available in the CHEMCAD manuals. An alternative to this would be to go to www.chemstations.net and go to Support and then click on Manuals or one can go to Bulletin board to post any questions about CHEMCAD.

151120105004

Page 6

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENT- 2 Aim: separation of methanol water mixture in SCDS Column Feed Stream: Stream No. Steam Name Temp. ċ Pres. Bar Vapour frc. Enthalpy MJ/h

1 Feed 30 1.2 0 -69848

Total flow Total flow unit Comp. unit Methanol

6000 Kg/h Kg/h 3000

Water

3000

Process flow sheet:

Excel sheet: STREAM PROPERTIES Stream No. Name 151120105004

1

2

3

feed Page 7

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING - - Overall - Molar flow kmol/h Mass flow kg/h Temp C Pres bar Vapor mole fraction Enth MJ/h Tc C Pc bar Std. sp gr. wtr = 1 Std. sp gr. air = 1 Degree API Average mol wt Actual dens kg/m3 Actual vol m3/h Std liq m3/h Std vap 0 C m3/h - - Liquid only - Molar flow kmol/h Mass flow kg/h Average mol wt Actual dens kg/m3 Actual vol m3/h Std liq m3/h Std vap 0 C m3/h Cp kJ/kg-K Z factor Visc N-s/m2 Th cond W/m-K Surf. tens. N/m Flow rates in kg/h Methanol Water

260.155 6000 30 1.2 0 -69848 305.3669 124.8465 0.889 0.796 27.6214 23.0632 877.5931 6.8369 6.7472 5831.023

94.3067 2999.106 69.0842 1.2 0 -22253 240.7421 81.907 0.802 1.098 44.9008 31.8016 746.612 4.017 3.7388 2113.757

165.8483 3000.895 103.7978 1.2 0 -46351 372.7931 218.732 0.998 0.625 10.3524 18.0942 951.6626 3.1533 3.0084 3717.265

260.155 6000 23.0632 877.5931 6.8369 6.7472 5831.023 3.3724 0.0016 0.000693 0.3291 0.0384

94.3067 2999.106 31.8016 746.612 4.017 3.7388 2113.757 2.8722 0.0024 0.000332 0.1891 0.0187

165.8483 3000.894 18.0942 951.6625 3.1533 3.0084 3717.265 4.2148 0.001 0.000269 0.6671 0.057

3000 3000

2969.991 29.1147

30.0089 2970.886

Result:

151120105004

Page 8

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENT- 3 Aim: separation of methanol water mixture in SCDS Column Feed Stream: Stream No.

1

Steam Name

Feed

Temp. ċ

30

Pres. Bar

1.2

Vapour frc.

0

Enthalpy MJ/h

-69848

Total flow

6000

Total flow unit

Kg/h

Comp. unit

Kg/h

Methanol

3000

Water

3000

Process flow sheet:

151120105004

Page 9

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

Excel sheet: STREAM PROPERTIES Stream No.

1

2

3

260.155

94.3067

165.8483

6000

2999.106

3000.895

Temp C

30

69.0842

103.7978

Pres bar

1.2

1.2

1.2

0

0

0

-69848

-22253

-46351

Tc C

305.3669

240.7421

372.7931

Pc bar

124.8465

81.907

218.732

Std. sp gr. wtr = 1

0.889

0.802

0.998

Std. sp gr. air = 1

0.796

1.098

0.625

Degree API

27.6214

44.9008

10.3524

Average mol wt

23.0632

31.8016

18.0942

877.5931

746.612

951.6626

Actual vol m3/h

6.8369

4.017

3.1533

Std liq m3/h

6.7472

3.7388

3.0084

5831.023

2113.757

3717.265

260.155

94.3067

165.8483

Mass flow kg/h

6000

2999.106

3000.894

Average mol wt

23.0632

31.8016

18.0942

877.5931

746.612

951.6625

Name

feed

- - Overall - Molar flow kmol/h Mass flow kg/h

Vapor mole fraction Enth MJ/h

Actual dens kg/m3

Std vap 0 C m3/h - - Liquid only - Molar flow kmol/h

Actual dens kg/m3

151120105004

Page 10

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING Actual vol m3/h

6.8369

4.017

3.1533

Std liq m3/h

6.7472

3.7388

3.0084

5831.023

2113.757

3717.265

Cp kJ/kg-K

3.3724

2.8722

4.2148

Z factor

0.0016

0.0024

0.001

0.000693

0.000332

0.000269

Th cond W/m-K

0.3291

0.1891

0.6671

Surf. tens. N/m

0.0384

0.0187

0.057

Methanol

3000

2969.991

30.0089

Water

3000

29.1147

2970.886

Std vap 0 C m3/h

Visc N-s/m2

Flow rates in kg/h

Result:

151120105004

Page 11

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENT- 4 Aim : Recycle Calculation by using Chemcad Feed Stream: Stream No. Steam Name Temp. ċ Pres. Bar Vapour frc. Enthalpy MJ/h Total flow Total flow unit Comp. unit Methane

1 Ethane 50 2 1 -274.6639 100 Kg/h Weight frac 0

3 Methane 80 3 1 -1819.34 400 Kg/h Weight frac 1

Ethane

1

0

Process flow sheet:

Excel sheet: Simulation: Untitled STREAM PROPERTIES Stream No. Name

1 Ethane

151120105004

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Methane

Page 12

9

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING - - Overall - Molar flow kmol/h

3.3256

40.3686

24.933

40.3686

40.3677

12.1101

12.1101

28.2576

12.1101

100

714.28

400

714.28

714.28

214.28

214.28

500

214.28

Temp C

50

78.4332

80

150

324.7348

324.7348

90

324.7348

89.7225

Pres bar

2

2

3

1.95

10

10

9.95

10

9.12

Vapor mole fraction

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

-274.63

-2981.2

-1816.6

-2857.1

-2498.9

-749.66

-889.91

-1749.3

-889.91

32.28

-63.6393

-82.52

-63.6393

-63.6348

-63.6348

-63.6348

-63.6348

-63.6348

48.8386

53.5365

46.0015

53.5365

53.5379

53.5379

53.5379

53.5379

53.5379

Mass flow kg/h

Enth MJ/h Tc C Pc bar Std. sp gr. wtr = 1

0.356

0.31

0.3

0.31

0.31

0.31

0.31

0.31

0.31

Std. sp gr. air = 1

1.038

0.611

0.554

0.611

0.611

0.611

0.611

0.611

0.611

265.5258

325.237

340.1667

325.237

325.2336

325.2336

325.2336

325.2336

325.2336

30.07

17.6939

16.043

17.6939

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

2.2654

1.2135

1.6433

0.9816

3.5527

3.5527

5.8875

3.5527

5.3965

44.1424

588.6169

243.4093

727.6747

201.0509

60.3142

36.396

140.7368

39.7076

0.2806

2.3056

1.3333

2.3056

2.3056

0.6917

0.6917

1.6139

0.6917

74.5382

904.8087

558.8394

904.8087

904.7872

271.4311

271.4311

633.3561

271.4311

3.3256

40.3686

24.933

40.3686

40.3677

12.1101

12.1101

28.2576

12.1101

Mass flow kg/h

100

714.28

400

714.28

714.28

214.28

214.28

500

214.28

Average mol wt

30.07

17.6939

16.043

17.6939

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

17.6943

2.2654

1.2135

1.6433

0.9816

3.5527

3.5527

5.8875

3.5527

5.3965

44.1424

588.6169

243.4093

727.6747

201.0509

60.3142

36.396

140.7368

39.7076

0.2806

2.3056

1.3333

2.3056

2.3056

0.6917

0.6917

1.6139

0.6917

74.5382

904.8087

558.8394

904.8087

904.7872

271.4311

271.4311

633.3561

271.4311

Cp kJ/kg-K

1.8925

2.3055

2.3893

2.5564

3.2139

3.2139

2.3775

3.2139

2.3735

Z factor

0.9882

0.9977

0.9976

0.9992

1.002

1.002

0.9905

1.002

0.9913

1.01E-05

1.25E-05

1.28E-05

1.46E-05

1.90E-05

1.90E-05

1.29E-05

1.90E-05

1.28E-05

0.0247

0.04

0.0425

0.0517

0.0836

0.0836

0.0424

0.0836

0.0423

0

571.41

400

571.41

571.3771

171.4099

171.4099

399.9672

171.4099

100

142.8701

0

142.8701

142.9029

42.8701

42.8701

100.0328

42.8701

Degree API Average mol wt Actual dens kg/m3 Actual vol m3/h Std liq m3/h Std vap 0 C m3/h - - Vapor only - Molar flow kmol/h

Actual dens kg/m3 Actual vol m3/h Std liq m3/h Std vap 0 C m3/h

Visc N-s/m2 Th cond W/m-K Flow rates in kg/h Methane Ethane

Result:

151120105004

Page 13

PACIFIC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

Experiment 5 Aim: Minimise F(x) = (x-1)4 using unidimensional search method. Where x0 = -1.5 Solution: using Newton’s method Formula: 𝐹′ (𝑋𝑛)

𝑋(𝑛 + 1) = 𝑋𝑛 − 𝐹′′ (𝑋𝑛) Here; F’(x) = 4(X-1)3 F’’(x) = 12(X-1)2

Calculation Table: Sr no. X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 X12 X13 X14 X15

X0 -1.5 -0.66667 -0.11111 0.259259 0.506173 0.670782 0.780521 0.853681 0.902454 0.934969 0.956646 0.971097 0.980732 0.987154 0.991436

F'(x) -62.5 -18.5185 -5.48697 -1.62577 -0.48171 -0.14273 -0.04229 -0.01253 -0.00371 -0.0011 -0.00033 -9.7E-05 -2.9E-05 -8.5E-06 -2.5E-06

F"(x) 75 33.33333 14.81481 6.584362 2.926383 1.300615 0.578051 0.256912 0.114183 0.050748 0.022555 0.010024 0.004455 0.00198 0.00088

X -0.66667 -0.11111 0.259259 0.506173 0.670782 0.780521 0.853681 0.902454 0.934969 0.956646 0.971097 0.980732 0.987154 0.991436 0.994291

Result: Minimise value of given function is 0.994 solve by unidimensional method.

151120105004

Page 14